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Modeling and History Matching of a Fractured Reservoir in an Iraqi Oil Field
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Abstract<p>In recent years the interest in fractured reservoirs has grown. The awareness has increased analysis of the role played by fractures in petroleum reservoir production and recovery. Since most Iraqi reservoirs are fractured carbonate rocks. Much effort was devoted to well modeling of fractured reservoirs and the impacts on production. However, turning that modeling into field development decisions goes through reservoir simulation. Therefore accurate modeling is required for more viable economic decision. Iraqi mature field being used as our case study. The key point for developing the mature field is approving the reservoir model that going to be used for future predictions. This can be achieved via History Matching. The production of this field is mainly from fractures, and it showed unfavorable decline during the production life from 1952. Thus, well modeling is necessary for developing the field, including history matching.</p><p>This study employed a three-dimensional three-phase black-oil dual-porosity model by CMG-Builder/IMEX 2010 simulator using an Iraqi fractured, faulted reservoir model. History matching has been carried out to improve the model which was going to be used in the simulation study. Several modifications were required during the history matching, such as adjusting the vertical fracture permeability, the relative permeability, the aquifer properties, setting fault transmissibility, and the matrix and fracture compressibilities.</p><p>The results of the History matching showed excellent agreement between the simulation and the historical profile. Furthermore the recent validated data by history matching have been used for the Iraqi reservoir model by running the CMG/IMEX simulator.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 03 2019
Journal Name
Diyala Journal For Pure Scince
Study influence of thickness and electrode mater on some electrical properties for ZnSe thin films prepared by thermal evaporation in vacuum
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Thin films of Zinc Selenide ZnSe have been prepared by using thermal evaporation in vacuum technique (10-5Torr) with thickness (1000, 2700, 4000) A0 and change electrode material and deposited on glass substrates with temperature (373K) and study some electrical properties at this temperature . The graphs shows linear relation between current and voltage and the results have shown increases in the value of current and electrical conductivity with increase thickness and change electrode material from Aluminum to Copper

Publication Date
Wed Dec 28 2022
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences
Histological and immunohistochemical study of thyroid gland in Caucasian squirrel (Sciurus anamalus) (Gmelin, 1778) by using marker (Anti-Thyroglobulin, Code IR5090)
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The current study is designed to investigate the histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the thyroid gland in adult male Sciurus anamalus. This study found that the thyroid gland of the Caucasian squirrel is located in the neck area, below the larynx, on both sides of the trachea. It has two lobes (right and left) with cylindrical shape. The histological studies revealed that the thyroid gland is surrounded by a capsule which consists of connective tissue and forming of two layers which are outer layer and inner layer, and a layer of adipose tissue appears overlapping the outer layer. The inner tissue of the gland consists of follicles with different shapes and sizes, and is lined with simple cuboidal epithelial tissue (foll

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The scientific approachs of measuring human capital under accounting intellectual capital and the suggested procedures for application in the knowleged units
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The most important issue that 21-century in knowledge organization try successfully to face and solve is the determination of the ways and the processes through which they can measure and assess the intellectual capital (IC). In spite of the importance of the human capital in the knowledge organization, The accounting as an information systems, does not give a great deal of consideration to the human capital, and does not treat investment in it as an original factor, but it shows it on the base of salaries and payrolls that is appears in the financial statements as a revenue expenditure. As a result of that the financial statement are not a true expression of the actual status and then some of the decisions taken under the present circum

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 08 2018
Journal Name
Chemistry – A European Journal
Magnetic Shielding, Aromaticity, Antiaromaticity and Bonding in the Low‐Lying Electronic States of S <sub>2</sub> N <sub>2</sub>
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Aromaticity, antiaromaticity and chemical bonding in the ground (S0), first singlet excited (S1) and lowest triplet (T1) electronic states of disulfur dinitride, S2N2, were investigated by analysing the isotropic magnetic shielding, σiso(r), in the space surrounding the molecule for each electronic state. The σiso(r) values were calculated by state-optimized CASSCF/cc-pVTZ wave functions with 22 electrons in 16 orbitals constructed from gauge-including atomic orbitals (GIAOs). The S1 and T1 electronic states were confirmed as 11Au and 13B3u, respectively, through linear response CC3/aug-cc-pVTZ calculations of the vertical excitation energies for eight singlet (S1–S8) and eight triplet (T1–T8) electronic states. The aromaticities of S

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2022
Journal Name
Azerbaijan Medical Journal
Molecular Co- Localization of Human Papilloma Virus 6 / 11 in Combined Resected Tissues from Nononcologic Palatine and Pharyngeal Tonsillar Hypertrophies
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More than 450 distinct types of human papilloma virus recognized via recent molecular techniques. The low and high oncogenic risk-HPV genotypes have an association with a variety of benign and malignant tumors in the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal localizations. This study aimed to determine the rate of DNA detection of HPV genotype 6/11 in non-oncologic nasopharyngeal and palatine tonsillar tissues from pediatric patients subjected to adeno-tonsillectomies. A total number of 64 tissue specimens enrolled; 44 non-oncologic nasopharyngeal and palatine hypertrophied tissue specimens from 22 pediatric patients sustained combined adeno-tonsillectomies and compared to 20 nasal trimmed tissues with unremarkable pathological changes (in

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 09 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The counseling needs for classroom teachers specialization in Jerash University from their point of view and its relationship with certain variables
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This study aimed at identifying the counseling needs for classroom teachers specialization in
Jerash university. The sample of the study consisted (112) students. To achieve this goal a
scale with (39) items was built by the researcher, this scale has four domains they are as
follows; family, social, psychological and academic domain. The results of this study showed
that counseling needs obtain the heighest average. As well as, the results of the study revealed
that there were statistical differences in favor of gender and teaching year variable. Finally the
study stated a list of recommendations.

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 15 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The effects of maternal environmental tobacco smoke exposure on periodontal health and mother-infant bonding in relation to salivary cotinine level
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Background: Environmental tobacco smoking is produced by active smokers burning the tip of a cigarette and breathed by nonsmokers and measured by cotinine level. It has the potential to raise the risk of periodontal disease. One of the most frequent chronic diseases in adults is periodontal disease. The lower maternal-fetal attachment has been found to predict smoking status in previous studies, but no research has examined whether maternal-fetal attachment predicts environmental tobacco smoking. This study assessed the effects of maternal environmental tobacco smoke exposure on periodontal health and mother-infant bonding concerning salivary cotinine levels. Materials and methods: This is a comparative cross-sectional study comparing en

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 02 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Determination of optimal conditions for laccase production by Pleurotus ostreatus using sawdust as solid medium and its use in phenol degradation
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The ability of four local fungal isolates for extracellular laccase production has been tested with five grams 1:1(w/v) humidified sawdust as substrate in mineral salt medium. After 21 day of incubation at 25±1 ? C and using one mycelial plug (5mm), higher level of laccase activity (0.15U/ml) and specific activity (15U/mg) were observed by Pleurotus ostreatus in comparison with other fungal isolates. The results of optimum conditions for laccase production from selected isolate showed that, the maximum laccase activity (0.55U/ml) and specific activity (55U/mg) were obtained at moisture ratio 1:3 (w/v), using 3 mycelial plugs (5 mm), after 15 days incubation period at 25±1 ? C. The results of phenol degradation by crud laccase revealed th

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 01 2024
Journal Name
Fuel
Experimental influence assessments of water drive and gas breakthrough through the CO2-assisted gravity drainage process in reservoirs with strong aquifers
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Mature oil reservoirs surrounded with strong edge and bottom water drive aquifers experience pressure depletion and water coning/cresting. This laboratory research investigated the effects of bottom water drive and gas breakthrough on immiscible CO2-Assisted Gravity Drainage (CO2-AGD), focusing on substantial bottom water drive. The CO2-AGD method vertically separates the injected CO2 to formulate a gas cap and Oil. Visual experimental evaluation of CO2-AGD process performance was performed using a Hele-Shaw model. Water-wet sand was used for the experiments. The gas used for injection was pure CO2, and the “oleic” phase was n-decane with a negative spreading coefficient. The aqueous phase was deionized water. To evaluate the feasibilit

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 23 2022
Journal Name
World Economics & Finance Bulletin (wefb)
ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSALITY RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPENDING ON HIGHER EDUCATION AND SOME ECONOMIC VARIABLES IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD 1990-2020
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Higher education is important because it creates and develops human capital and provides qualified human cadres, which requires restructuring government spending so that an increase in funding allocated to education is brought about. During the period 1990-2020, government spending was weak on educational institutions in Iraq, which led to a decline in The role of these institutions in the economic development of the country. The highest percentage of spending on higher education of GDP was 0.47% in 2007 and the lowest was 0.01% in 2005. The number of public universities reached 35, and the number of private universities and colleges reached 64 universities and private colleges in 2020. This was accompanied by an increase in the number of s

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