Cerebellum (cb) is the most important and sensitive part of the central nervous system (CNS) after cerebrum. The exposure to any infection during embryogenesis produces abnormalities in the cerebellum function and morphology that effect on behavioral of offspring later. In the present study we used 30 mature female pregnant albino rats divided in to three groups, each group contain 10 females: G1 was considered the control group received D.W only, while G2 group treated orally with (2mg/kg /day) suspension of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and G3 group treated orally with (20mg/kg/day) AgNPs. The embryos retrieved in different embryonic days from ED12 to ED21. In this study morphometric analysis was measured in the developing albino rats cerebellum after maternal exposure to two concentrations of AgNPs from preimplantation period until delivery . we measured the morphometric parameters (area, perimeter, anterior-posterior diameter APD and transverse diameter TD) of the selected embryonic days; ED12,ED15,ED18, and ED21 and retrieved the embryos from these days. The morphometric results in the control group(G1) showed that increased significantly (P≤ 0.05) in the area of the developing cerebellum from ED12 until reach the optimal level in the end of gestation at ED21 (14.0815mm2 to 18.969 mm2 respectively), perimeter (9.804 mm2 to 16.267 mm2) and TD (52.6308μm to 431.6 μm),while the APD value was increased significantly (P≤ 0.05) at ED12 and ED15 only (367.0041 μm, 454.011 μm )respectively but the orientation growth of the cerebellum decreased significantly (P≤ 0.05) at the later stage of the development at ED18 and ED21(364.48 μm, 225μm) respectively. In the present research both concentrations of the AgNPs (2mg and 20 mg/kg/ B.Wt) showed changes in the dimensions of the developing cerebellum cortex according to the studied morphometric parameters; in the 2 mg/kg/ B.Wt, the area of the developing cerebellum cortex was increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 (47.437mm 2) and reached to maximum growth at ED18 (130.220 mm2), while it is growth inhibited at ED21( 68.909 mm2) compared to control group, the values of the developing cerebellum cortex perimeter increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 (0.964 mm 2, 2.548 mm 2) respectively compared to control group; TD values of the developing cerebellum cortex increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 also (259.341 μm,436.203 μm) respectively compared to control group. While the APD of the developing cerebellum cortex was decreased significantly (P≤0.05) during late development of the cortex at ED18 and ED21(330.415 μm, 131.5 μm) respectively as in the control group. In G3 group which treated with 20mg/kg/ B.Wt concentration of AgNPs, the similar results of area were showed as in the lower concentration, area of the developing cortex increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12(80.11mm 2) and reached to maximum growth at ED18(140.56 mm2) and lower after that. the values of the developing cerebellum cortex perimeter increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 (0.256 mm2, 0.543 mm2) respectively compared to control group; while in the APD and TD values the effect of the higher concentration of the AgNPs was more effect on these dimensions; APD values decreased significantly (P≤0.05) at ED15 (360.48 μm ) and not reach to the complete growth, also in TD values decreased at ED15 (400.5744 μm) and do not reach to maximum growth at end embryonic development compared to the embryonic development timing in the control group.
Insulin-induced hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM), including various metabolic disorders. Diabetic people are more likely to develop dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the most common illness, is generally asymptomatic in its early stages and can go misdiagnosed for years. Diabetes screening may be beneficial in some cases since early identification and treatment can lessen the burden of diabetes and its consequences. This study aimed to find the relationship between Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile components in T2DM patients. This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was performed on the control group and T2DM patients in Medical City in Ba
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Introduction and Aim: The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-39, a member of the IL-12 family plays a key role in the inflammatory response by modulating immune cell activity and inflammation. A literature search shows no study undertaken for the effect of IL-39's on arthritis so far. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of IL-39 in rheumatoid arthritis. Materials and Methods: This study involved 80 patients with rheumatoid arthritis registered at the Rheumatology Clinic at Baghdad teaching hospital. The patients were divided into three groups based on treatments received. Group 1 included patients who were not on any treatment for arthritis, Group 2 with patients on hydroxychloroquine and or prednisone treatment,
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In this paper, analyzing the non-dimensional Magnesium-hydrodynamics problem Using nanoparticles in Jeffrey-Hamel flow (JHF) has been studied. The fundamental equations for this issue are reduced to a three-order ordinary differential equation. The current project investigated the effect of the angles between the plates, Reynolds number, nanoparticles volume fraction parameter, and magnetic number on the velocity distribution by using analytical technique known as a perturbation iteration scheme (PIS). The effect of these parameters is similar in the converging and diverging channels except magnetic number that it is different in the divergent channel. Furthermore, the resulting solutions with good convergence and high accuracy for the d
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Insulin-induced hyperglycemia is the hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM), including various metabolic disorders. Diabetic people are more likely to develop dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), the most common illness, is generally asymptomatic in its early stages and can go misdiagnosed for years. Diabetes screening may be beneficial in some cases since early identification and treatment can lessen the burden of diabetes and its consequences. This study aimed to find the relationship between Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile components in T2DM patients. This descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study was performed on the control group and T2DM patients in Medical City in Baghdad be
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To assess the total hip replacement patients’ knowledge of home – care regarding pain management, medication therapy, wound care, mobility limitation and complications may occur in the post hip replacement surgery, and to assess relationship between some variables such as, age level of education, sex & marital status with home- care knowledge. A descriptive study was used to assess the hip-replacement patient home-knowledge, a purposive sampling of (60) hip-replaced –patients were selected from Gazy Alhariri Hospital (central of surgical profession ) and Alwasity Hospital ( plastic surgery) , the questionnaire obtains two parts , part one, which included socio-demographical characteristics of the samp
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Background: COVID-19 has caused a considerable number of hospital admissions in China since December 2019. Many COVID-19 patients experience signs of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and some are even in danger of dying. Objective: to measure the serum levels of D-dimer, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte count ratio (NLR), and neopterin in patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 in Baghdad, Iraq. And to determine the cut-off values (critical values) of these markers for the distinction between the severe patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 and the controls. Materials and methods: In this case-control study, we collect blood from 89 subjects, 45 were severe patients hospitalized in many Baghdad medical centers who were diagnosed with COVID
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Objective: To evaluate whether the SOX2 protein could be used as a predictor in patients with GC and to assessment the correlation between the IHC expression of the SOX2 protein and the various clinic pathological Parameters as age, sex, histopathological subtypes, grade and stage of the tumor by immune-histochemical Technique. This is a retrospective study conducted on 60 randomly selected patients (30) normal versus (30) GC, at the pathology department of the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Teaching Hospital & some private hospitals. It were collected and diagnosed during the period between from 2014 to 2018. From each block were stained with H&E and IHC stained for SOX2. The Statistical analysis was done using SPSS system, and the differ
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Objective(s): To assess nurses' practices for neurological unconscious patients in intensive care units.
Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted that included (50) nurse who are working in intensive care
units in hospitals and departments of the nervous system in (4) hospitals (neuroscience hospital, teaching
neurosurgical hospital, surgical specialist hospital, and sheck zaied hospital) in Baghdad city from March, 30th
,
2009 to July, 30th 2009 for the purpose of assessing their skills towards unconscious patients. A purposive "nonprobability
sample" was selected that consisted of (50) nurse who are working in intensive care units. A
questionnaire format and observational checklist were used which consist of
Background: The main aim of the present study is to qualify and quantify voids formation of root canals obturated with GuttaCore (GC) and experimental Hydroxyapatite polyethylene (HA/PE) as new carrier-based root canal fillings by using micro computed tomography scan. Materials and methods: In the present study, eight straight single-rooted human permanent premolar teeth are selected and disinfected, then stored in distilled water. The teeth decoronated leaving a root length of 12mm each. The root canals instrumented by using crown down technique and the apical diameter of the root canal prepared to a size # 30/0.04 for achieving standardized measurements. A 5mL of 17% EDTA used to remove the smear layer followed by 5mL of 2.5% NaOCl and r
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