Cerebellum (cb) is the most important and sensitive part of the central nervous system (CNS) after cerebrum. The exposure to any infection during embryogenesis produces abnormalities in the cerebellum function and morphology that effect on behavioral of offspring later. In the present study we used 30 mature female pregnant albino rats divided in to three groups, each group contain 10 females: G1 was considered the control group received D.W only, while G2 group treated orally with (2mg/kg /day) suspension of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and G3 group treated orally with (20mg/kg/day) AgNPs. The embryos retrieved in different embryonic days from ED12 to ED21. In this study morphometric analysis was measured in the developing albino rats cerebellum after maternal exposure to two concentrations of AgNPs from preimplantation period until delivery . we measured the morphometric parameters (area, perimeter, anterior-posterior diameter APD and transverse diameter TD) of the selected embryonic days; ED12,ED15,ED18, and ED21 and retrieved the embryos from these days. The morphometric results in the control group(G1) showed that increased significantly (P≤ 0.05) in the area of the developing cerebellum from ED12 until reach the optimal level in the end of gestation at ED21 (14.0815mm2 to 18.969 mm2 respectively), perimeter (9.804 mm2 to 16.267 mm2) and TD (52.6308μm to 431.6 μm),while the APD value was increased significantly (P≤ 0.05) at ED12 and ED15 only (367.0041 μm, 454.011 μm )respectively but the orientation growth of the cerebellum decreased significantly (P≤ 0.05) at the later stage of the development at ED18 and ED21(364.48 μm, 225μm) respectively. In the present research both concentrations of the AgNPs (2mg and 20 mg/kg/ B.Wt) showed changes in the dimensions of the developing cerebellum cortex according to the studied morphometric parameters; in the 2 mg/kg/ B.Wt, the area of the developing cerebellum cortex was increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 (47.437mm 2) and reached to maximum growth at ED18 (130.220 mm2), while it is growth inhibited at ED21( 68.909 mm2) compared to control group, the values of the developing cerebellum cortex perimeter increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 (0.964 mm 2, 2.548 mm 2) respectively compared to control group; TD values of the developing cerebellum cortex increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 also (259.341 μm,436.203 μm) respectively compared to control group. While the APD of the developing cerebellum cortex was decreased significantly (P≤0.05) during late development of the cortex at ED18 and ED21(330.415 μm, 131.5 μm) respectively as in the control group. In G3 group which treated with 20mg/kg/ B.Wt concentration of AgNPs, the similar results of area were showed as in the lower concentration, area of the developing cortex increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12(80.11mm 2) and reached to maximum growth at ED18(140.56 mm2) and lower after that. the values of the developing cerebellum cortex perimeter increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 (0.256 mm2, 0.543 mm2) respectively compared to control group; while in the APD and TD values the effect of the higher concentration of the AgNPs was more effect on these dimensions; APD values decreased significantly (P≤0.05) at ED15 (360.48 μm ) and not reach to the complete growth, also in TD values decreased at ED15 (400.5744 μm) and do not reach to maximum growth at end embryonic development compared to the embryonic development timing in the control group.
The deliberation and exchanged of power is a matter of political importance For the Iraqi political system after 2003, The deliberation of power and its democratic transition and electoral integrity Is a good indicator of political stability and progress In the Iraqi parliamentary political system , The transfer of authority in terms of adopting the deliberative approach represents a structural and institutional dimension of the political process , it led the power to become Authority of the Foundation Exercised in accordance with the Constitution and the law not real power , And lead to the recognition of the existence of an official parliamentary opposition and its right to take political power later through the ballot box Makes the pr
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المقدمة
تتعامل الجهات الضريبية في مختلف دول العالم بأساليب عديدة لجباية الضرائب من المكلفين بغض النظر عن فئات وأصناف هؤلاء المكلفين،وفي العراق تم اعتماد العديد من الأساليب لجباية الضرائب على امتداد المدد الزمنية المتعاقبة،وكان لأسلوب التقدير الذاتي وهو أحد تلك الأساليب مجالاً للتطبيق خلال مدة زمنية معينة،حيث جرى تطبيق هذا الأسلوب على وحدات اقتصادية معينة، وبالرغم من المساوئ التي قد ترافق تطبيق
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The present study attempts to determine the effect of freezing for different periods on preserved bodies of fish in the laboratory to keep for the research and diagnosis of taxonomic studies and not for consumption. It also endeavors to identify the effect of freezing on some morphometric features of the preserved bodies of fishes. Planiliza abu fish were used to conduct the present study. Fish were frozen by regular freezing in the home refrigerator freezer with temperatures reaching four degrees centigrade below zero. Freezing time is distributed over four months; biometric measurements of frozen fish have been taken in these periods represented by body total length, Standard length, and Head length in centimeters using a ruler ve
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By use the notions pre-g-closedness and pre-g-openness we have generalized a class of separation axioms in topological spaces. In particular, we presented in this paper new types of regulαrities, which we named ρgregulαrity and Sρgregulαrity. Many results and properties of both types have been investigated and have illustrated by examples.
The current study was conducted on 504(Ros-308) broiler chicks during the period 28/9/2017-9/11/2018to determine the effect of heat shock in early age and additives such as ginseng in three levels on birds weight and feedconsumption. Results showed that the exposure to high temperature (38-400C) lead to significant decrease (p≤≤≤≤≤0.05 (inaverage body weight at7 day of age and significant decrease in body weight in birds expousured to high temperature inthe periods 2, 4 and 6 hours compared with control (Table 1). Significant decrease in live body weight when exposure to2hr compared with 6hr namely (138.54) and (144.21), respectively while no significant difference between 2 and 4h.Results showed no significant effect in body we
... Show MoreThe investment climate is the main engine of economic development. If an appropriate and attractive investment climate is created that takes into account economic, administrative, political and environmental issues, it will contribute to the development of industry, transfer of technology, diversification of agricultural production, increased productivity, the promotion of a green economy and support for sustainable and inclusive growth. Thus, analyzing the investment climate of a country can provide reasons and roots for the complexity of the problems in the economy. In the Iraqi economy, the problem has not been rooted in the economy, but the roots of the problem are deeper and inherent in the management of the economy. Investm
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The use of Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips is an efficient technology for increasing flexural and shear strength or for repairing damaged Reinforced Concrete (RC) members. This strengthening method is a promising technology. However, the thin layer of concrete covering the NSM-CFRP strips is not adequate to resist heat effect when directly exposed to a fire or at a high temperature. There is clear evidence that the strength and stiffness of CFRPs severely deteriorate at high temperatures. Therefore, in terms of fire resistance, the NSM technique has a significant defect. Thus, it is very important to develop a set of efficient fire protection systems to overcome these disadvantages. This pape
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