Cerebellum (cb) is the most important and sensitive part of the central nervous system (CNS) after cerebrum. The exposure to any infection during embryogenesis produces abnormalities in the cerebellum function and morphology that effect on behavioral of offspring later. In the present study we used 30 mature female pregnant albino rats divided in to three groups, each group contain 10 females: G1 was considered the control group received D.W only, while G2 group treated orally with (2mg/kg /day) suspension of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and G3 group treated orally with (20mg/kg/day) AgNPs. The embryos retrieved in different embryonic days from ED12 to ED21. In this study morphometric analysis was measured in the developing albino rats cerebellum after maternal exposure to two concentrations of AgNPs from preimplantation period until delivery . we measured the morphometric parameters (area, perimeter, anterior-posterior diameter APD and transverse diameter TD) of the selected embryonic days; ED12,ED15,ED18, and ED21 and retrieved the embryos from these days. The morphometric results in the control group(G1) showed that increased significantly (P≤ 0.05) in the area of the developing cerebellum from ED12 until reach the optimal level in the end of gestation at ED21 (14.0815mm2 to 18.969 mm2 respectively), perimeter (9.804 mm2 to 16.267 mm2) and TD (52.6308μm to 431.6 μm),while the APD value was increased significantly (P≤ 0.05) at ED12 and ED15 only (367.0041 μm, 454.011 μm )respectively but the orientation growth of the cerebellum decreased significantly (P≤ 0.05) at the later stage of the development at ED18 and ED21(364.48 μm, 225μm) respectively. In the present research both concentrations of the AgNPs (2mg and 20 mg/kg/ B.Wt) showed changes in the dimensions of the developing cerebellum cortex according to the studied morphometric parameters; in the 2 mg/kg/ B.Wt, the area of the developing cerebellum cortex was increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 (47.437mm 2) and reached to maximum growth at ED18 (130.220 mm2), while it is growth inhibited at ED21( 68.909 mm2) compared to control group, the values of the developing cerebellum cortex perimeter increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 (0.964 mm 2, 2.548 mm 2) respectively compared to control group; TD values of the developing cerebellum cortex increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 also (259.341 μm,436.203 μm) respectively compared to control group. While the APD of the developing cerebellum cortex was decreased significantly (P≤0.05) during late development of the cortex at ED18 and ED21(330.415 μm, 131.5 μm) respectively as in the control group. In G3 group which treated with 20mg/kg/ B.Wt concentration of AgNPs, the similar results of area were showed as in the lower concentration, area of the developing cortex increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12(80.11mm 2) and reached to maximum growth at ED18(140.56 mm2) and lower after that. the values of the developing cerebellum cortex perimeter increased significantly (P≤0.05) from ED12 until ED15 (0.256 mm2, 0.543 mm2) respectively compared to control group; while in the APD and TD values the effect of the higher concentration of the AgNPs was more effect on these dimensions; APD values decreased significantly (P≤0.05) at ED15 (360.48 μm ) and not reach to the complete growth, also in TD values decreased at ED15 (400.5744 μm) and do not reach to maximum growth at end embryonic development compared to the embryonic development timing in the control group.
Abstract
Despite the fact of the importance and effectiveness of supporting the pricing policy for agriculture sector in Iraq, but this policy has stopped in supporting those agriculture production needs, and it was confined to support the final product only, and supporting the strategic corps exclusively after the U.S. Invasion in 2003, but after 2008 the state has returned to support some of this policy activities through providing financial loans through the agricultural initiative campaign, with trillions of iraqi dinars without any use, also providing support to some of the agricultural production needs such as fertilizers , tractors and agricultural combines, in addition supporting the pricing policy for the
... Show MoreThe variables of quantitative and qualitative Population role in the economic development process and it was said the human center of development and population is the goal of development and its tool , and Iraq suffers from problems in the economic growth and the standard of living and development in general, and if I want him evolution and development sectors must pay for these demographic changes especially , to study and that invest Pmaasb in the interest of the man
The study of the demographic situation in Iraq and at the provincial level to track paths demographic change and its impact on the entry of Iraq to the demographic window due to the change in the age structure of the population and how to use them and invested well in
The purpose of this research is to design a list of the scientific and moral values that should be found in the content of the computer textbook for the second intermediate grade, as well as to analyze the content of the above- mentioned book by answering the following question:
What is the percentage of availability of scientific and moral values in the content of the computer textbook for Second Intermediate grade issued by the Iraqi Ministry of Education / the general directorate of the curriculum, for the academic year (2017-2018)?
In order to achieve the research objectives, the descriptive method (content analysis method) was adopted. The research community has been iden
... Show MoreIn this study an illustrated key for the identification of the Iraqi species of the genus Chalcophorella Kerr. is given with information about general distribution for each species. Information is also given about period of collection, plants on which the specimens were collected. The real host plant if they are available and known are also given referring to the previous works.
Two-dimensional electrical resistivity imaging and seismic refraction, in the form of down-hole survey, were applied to delineate the subsurface section and elastic moduli and identify geotechnical characteristics of subsurface materials in the 10th of Ramadan industrial area, Cairo, Egypt. The results of four 2-D profiles of electrical resistivity, in the form of dipole–dipole and Wenner configurations, revealed that the subsurface section contains two main geo-electrical layers; the first is made of sand, some silt, and gravels, reflecting low resistivity values ranging from 25 to 65.5 ohm m. This layer is overlying a high resistivity layer (65.5 to135 ohm m), corresponding to medium to coars
... Show MoreThis study investigates consecutive reaction assisted by pervaporation for the first time. It studies the saponification of diethyladipate DA with sodium hydroxide NaOH solution synchronous with separating ethanol from the reaction mixture through an aqueous – organic membrane. The effect of time on some variables such as: permeated ethanol concentration EtOH wt%, separation factor (α), concentration of NaOH solution CB in the reaction medium and the conversion of DA to monoethyladipate (the intermediate product) was studied. It was shown that EtOH wt% and the conversion increased with increasing time unlike CB but (α) showed the existence of maximum value during the time of experiment. The process of reaction assisted by pervaporation
... Show MoreIn the recent years, the work in composite industry needed new ecofriendly resources to improve the original properties of current materials. Many researches attempted to find alternative additives to be used with the current systems which provide a new material that is environmentally friendly and has better performance than the synthetic counterparts. This paper presents the study of mechanical characteristics, including bending, impact, tensile and hardness tests, of date palm fiber (DPF)/ epoxy composite. The composite plate was constructed by hand-layup technique. The filler content values (wt %) were 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Young's modulus, impact strength and hardness were shown to be increased with increasing fiber content. Tensile
... Show MoreThis paper presents stochastic analysis using the perturbation method to model the structure of a container to verify the distributions of probability of maximum and minimum axial forces reactions in piles. The proposed simulation of a container port terminal under 11 scenarios of load combinations was presented. The probability distributions for live loads are assigned according to the input parameters of simulation data. Part of the load itself is implicitly combined such as vertical live load which includes the weight of equipment and containers and wind load. The structural model was simulated in the software STAAD Pro., while the statistical analyses were performed with MATLAB. The results demonstrated that, the most significant extern
... Show MoreThe beginning of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China in late December 2019 and its worldwide transmission has led the World Health Organization to formally address the pandemic. The pandemic has imposed influential impacts on different environmental, economic, social, health, and living aspects. Publishing in scholastic journals was not immune from these impacts.