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Evaluation of the effectiveness of some mycorrhizal fungi isolates against charcoal rot disease
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Abstract<sec> <title>Background

The sunflower plants are attacked by serious seed and soil-borne pathogens including charcoal rot disease that caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. This disease has serious damages to sunflower crop. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus against charcoal rot disease as fungicide alternative.

Results

Morphological and molecular identification was done, using universal primers for molecular identification. Finally, a greenhouse experiment was conducted, and the length and weight of the plant shoot and root as well as disease incidence and severity percentages were estimated for the treatments infected with the M. phaseolina pathogen. The results showed that molecular identification indicates their subordination to Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Funneliformis mosseae. The greenhouse experiment showed that combined inoculation treatments (C. etunicatum + F. mosseae and C. etunicatum + F. mosseae + M.phaseolina) had the highest averages of length and weight of the plant shoot and root in the non-infected and pathogen-infected (M. phaseolina) treatments. F. mosseae and F. mosseae + M.phaseolina treatments had better effects on plant growth. M. phaseolina pathogen had suppression effects than the C. etunicatum inoculum (C. etunicatum and C. etunicatum + M. phaseolina treatments). The disease incidence and severity percentages decreased significantly in the inoculated plants than in non-inoculated plants. F. mosseae inoculum showed more efficiency in reducing DI and DS than C. etunicatum inoculum, while adding both, resulting in an extra significant reduction. The combined inoculation, which functions as a biofungicide and a biofertilizer, presented a viable biocontrol technique for crop protection.

Conclusions

Such the AM fungi treatments are considered good and biological safe. The symbiotic relationship of AM fungi with plants can also be utilized to gain successful management of agricultural against soil-borne diseases for getting rid of the negative effects of pesticides.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences
Employment of the genetic algorithm in some methods of estimating survival function with application
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Intended for getting good estimates with more accurate results, we must choose the appropriate method of estimation. Most of the equations in classical methods are linear equations and finding analytical solutions to such equations is very difficult. Some estimators are inefficient because of problems in solving these equations. In this paper, we will estimate the survival function of censored data by using one of the most important artificial intelligence algorithms that is called the genetic algorithm to get optimal estimates for parameters Weibull distribution with two parameters. This leads to optimal estimates of the survival function. The genetic algorithm is employed in the method of moment, the least squares method and the weighted

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation Instructional Program on Health-related Quality of Life for Patients Undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
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Objective(s): evaluation of effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation instructional program on health-related quality of life and to find out the relationship between health-related quality of life and patient’s socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. 

Methodology: A descriptive study design was carried out from 8th August, 2022 to 10th January, 2023.

A non-probability purposive sample of (50) patients undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery at Iraqi center for heart diseases using pre-experimental design. The data were collected by direct interview with sample using questionnaire composed of three parts: part (1) Socio-demographic and clinical ch

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of Cardiac Rehabilitation Instructional Program on Health-related Quality of Life for Patients Undergone Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
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Objective(s): evaluation of effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation instructional program on health-related quality of life and to find out the relationship between health-related quality of life and patient’s socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.  Methodology: A descriptive study design was carried out from 8th August, 2022 to 10th January, 2023. A non-probability purposive sample of (50) patients undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery at Iraqi center for heart diseases using pre-experimental design. The data were collected by direct interview with sample using questionnaire composed of three parts: part (1) Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics which included 11 items. Part (2) Knowledge r

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Publication Date
Wed May 10 2017
Journal Name
Parasitology
The antifungal Aureobasidin A and an analogue are active against the protozoan parasite<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>but do not inhibit sphingolipid biosynthesis
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Toxoplasma gondiiis an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, and toxoplasmosis is an important disease of both humans and economically important animals. With a limited array of drugs available there is a need to identify new therapeutic compounds. Aureobasidin A (AbA) is an antifungal that targets the essential inositol phosphorylceramide (IPC, sphingolipid) synthase in pathogenic fungi. This natural cyclic depsipeptide also inhibitsToxoplasmaproliforation, with the protozoan IPC synthase orthologue proposed as the target. The data presented here show that neither AbA nor an analogue (Compound 20), target the protozoan IPC synthase orthologue or total parasite sphingol

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Ibero-american Journal Of Exercise And Sports psychology
THE EFFECT OF HIIT EXERCISES ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL INDICATORS IN REDUCING COMPETITION ANXIETY AND PERFORMANCE OF SOME OFFENSE SKILLS FOR YOUNG BADMINTON ATHLETES
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The research aimed to use HIIT exercises, and to know the effect of HIIT exercises on some physiological and physical indicators of the young badminton players, and to identify the degree of competition anxiety and the performance of some offense skills among the young badminton players. The research community (the young badminton players), the research sample and its selection method (the research sample was chosen by the intentional method (8) badminton player from the Athwari Club), the scientific method (the experimental method with pre and post tests), measurement tools: physiological tests (high and low blood pressure) , pulse, and physical exams (explosive force of arms and legs) and the offense skills and the scale of competit

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 18 2022
Journal Name
Revista Iberoamericana De Psicología Del Ejercicio Y El Deporte.
The effect of HIIT exercises on some physiological and physical indicators in reducing competition anxiety and performance of some offense skills for young Badminton athletes
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The research aimed to use HIIT exercises, and to know the effect of HIIT exercises on some physiological and physical indicators of the young badminton players, and to identify the degree of competition anxiety and the performance of some offense skills among the young badminton players. The research community (the young badminton players), the research sample and its selection method (the research sample was chosen by the intentional method (8) badminton player from the Athwari Club), the scientific method (the experimental method with pre and post tests), measurement tools: physiological tests (high and low blood pressure) , pulse, and physical exams (explosive force of arms and legs) and the offense skills and the scale of competition an

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Publication Date
Fri May 01 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Psychosocial Rehabilitation
Relationship of some fitness elements with the performance of lifting the iron ball (weight) by gliding method
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AS Muhsen, International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation (1475-7192), 2020 - Cited by 1

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The expansion of granting bank credit and its impact on the financial position of some Iraqi banks
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Abstract

                   The study aimed to identify the expansion in granting credit to Iraqi banking institutions and its impact on the financial position of Iraqi banks in terms of revenues, profits, expenses and property rights in banks, as the expansion in granting bank credit will correspond to an increase or decrease in some items of the balance sheet and the financial position of banks, so the problem of the current study It will be determined through whether the expansion of granting bank credit will affect the financial position of Iraqi banks or not by studying the selected research community of the 10 Iraqi banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, The research sample included the u

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences
The cluster analysis of most important citrus trees in some governorates of Iraq for the year 2019
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Citrus fruits are one of the consumer agricultural products of the Iraqi citizen. It is rich in vitamins and usedin many food industries as well as medicines. Classifying the amount of production of citrus treesaccording to the producing governorates has been done to find a map that shows the production of citrustrees according to Iraqi governorates. A cluster analysis method was used according to the hierarchicalmethod. The results showed that Najaf and Qadisiyah are the most similar in citrus production, whileSaladin and Najaf were the two governorates with the furthest distance in proximity matrix. Diyalagovernorate was clustered in the first cluster within two, three, four or five of the clusters for classifyingIraqi governorates covere

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Effect of Some Remineralization Materials and Resin Infiltration (ICON) on the Depth of White Spot Lesions
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Background: White spot lesions (WSLs) are subsurface enamel demineralization manifested as white opacities which had an esthetic problem. The purpose of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the lesion depth improvement of WSLs following application of fluoride varnish, tooth mousse and resin infiltration (ICON). Materials and methods: Artificial WSLs were created on 120 premolar teeth using demineralization solution with pH (4-4.5). Samples randomly allocated into four groups; fluoride varnish, tooth mousse, ICON and untreated group. Groups were discolored in Cola and orange juice for 24 hours. Teeth were ground sectioned by longitudinal cutting then these sections examined and photographed under stereomicroscope at 12X magnification then an

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