The research seeks to know the social loafing of kindergarten teachers and their relation to personality traits. In order to achieve the research objectives, the researcher constructed the social loafing scale, which she applied to kindergarten teachers. The scale consists of (22) paragraphs. It has good credibility and stability. The coefficient of stability (85.0) was the retest method and (81.0) Alpha Cronbach equation. In addition, the researcher has adopted (Raymond Cattel) personality traits scale, which has been adapted to the Arab environment (Abdel Rahman and Abu Abada,1998), The scale consists of (39) paragraphs, and enjoys the apparent honesty. The measure of social loafing and the measure of personality traits was applied to

Pregnancy   is one of the cases that lead to immune compression, therefore the women are exposed to different types of infections and may sequel to miscarriage. Toxoplasma gondii and urinary tract infection (UTI) are the most prevalent infectious agents in human and  have a worldwide distribution. IFN-γ and TNF-α are pro inflammatory cytokine play important role in miscarriage. This study focuses on the determination, type of aerobic bacteria , concentration of IFN-γ and TNF-α among (75) abortive women and  their relation with miscarriages  . The results indicated that S.aures was the most prevalence bacteria isolated from  aborted women infected with UTI or  compensation with toxo

Language is essential for politics, for producing, disseminating, engaging with, and reacting to political discourse. The pragmatics of political speeches is crucial to the development of effective political communication tactics. Thus, speech is situated at the intersection of rhetoric, linguistics, and politics. In communication, intent is a pragmatic factor that plays a crucial role at the time of the communication process. Speech is of paramount importance to the social and political domains. Through the use of concepts and the relationship between language and politics, the study analyzes the function of language in communication and interpretation of intentions. The study of the relationships between language and the situations in whi

Influenza is a highly infectious and lethal viral disease, it appears on Earth periodically in connection with the passage of comet in the vicinity of Earth around the Sun .it is believed that particles spread from the tail of the comet due to solar heating energy ,are contaminated with very tiny small particles considered as viruses. Viruses reach the Earth with the power of the solar wind due to solar activity cycle which is driven every 11 year. Viruses pushed towards Earth’s atmosphere, then precipitate on clouds and reach the surface of Earth. These viruses are very well shielded and unaffected by even UV radiation ,but the only way the shell is melt when they passes through the digestive system . Results showed a good correlation

Background: Tooth wear is one of the most concerning problems of the current dental practice especially among older subjects. The aim of this study is to determine the severity of tooth wear and its relation with selected salivary variables (salivary pH and vitamin C level) among a group of older adults in Mosul city/Iraq. Materials and methods: All subjects (30 subjects) of both gender tookpart in the current study; sixteen of them were older adults (55-65 years) and compared with fourteen middle-aged adults (30-40 years) at Textile factory in Mosul city/Iraq. Unstimulated salivary samples were collected and salivary pH was immediately measured. Salivary vitamin C level was determined colormetrically. Severity of tooth wear was determined

Background: Saliva plays an important role in oral health. Several salivary proteins are involved in the antimicrobial defence mechanism and are able to eliminate or inhibit bacterial growth in the oral cavity. Secretory IgA (SIgA) is one of the principal antibodies present in saliva, could help oral immunity by preventing microbial adherence, neutralizing enzymes and toxins. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between salivary Streptococcus Mutans (SM) count and S IgA in stimulated whole saliva in children with primary dentition compared to those with permanent teeth in relation to some oral hygiene parameters. Material and methods: Stimulated whole saliva was collected from 50 children (25 with primary dentation and

The purpose of charity in tongue science