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Economics of Supramolecular Assemblies as Displacement Fluids in EOR
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Abstract<p>It is estimated that over the next few decades, EOR will be used for the more than 50% of oil production in the US and worldwide. From these, in reservoir with viscositites ranging between 10 – 150 mPa.s, polymer flooding is suggsted as the EOR method. Therefore, there is an upper limit to the recommended range of reservoir oil viscosities for polymer flooding. To address the issue of this limitation of polymer injectivity and pumping efficiency, we propose a novel method. The method involves the use of Supramolecular Systems, which are composed of long-chain aminoacids and maleic acids post complexation. Their unique feature of resersible viscosities allows the operator to overcome injectivity limitations posed by conventional polymer flooding.</p><p>Viscosity of supramolecular systems, prior to contact with oil, can be lowered to ease the injection process and improve pumping efficiency. On contact with oil, an external pH stimulus can be introduced that will reverse its viscosity to higher values. Lab-scale studies conducted on supramolecular systems have validated this property of reversibly adjusting viscosity through pH stimulus. These systems also have high salinity and temperature tolerance.</p><p>Conventional polymers, on introduction to extreme shear stress and temperature, have a tendency to breakdown. Supramolecular systems, on the other hand, act as "healable polymers" or undergo dis-assembling and re-assembling when subjected to similar conditions. Therefore, due to these molecular scission processes, these systems are considered to be durable in confining environment. In reservoirs where thermal EOR methods are not suitable candidates, supramolecular system can have significant use due to its high temperature tolerance.</p><p>The objective of this work is to futher develop these novel supramolecular systems by studying its cost-effectiveness and feasibility through a reservoir simulation model (stratified reservoir). In this study, we will be focusing on the economics of polymer injection.</p>
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Publication Date
Fri Nov 01 2019
Journal Name
Recent Technologies In Sustainable Materials Engineering
A Comparative Study Between the Individual, Dual and Triple Addition of (S.F.), (T.G.P.) and (P.V.A.) for Improving Local Gypsum (Juss) Properties
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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2018
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmaceutical, Biological And Chemical
Synthesis and characterization of azo dyes ligands complexes with Ni (II) and Cu (II) and studies their industrial and bacterial application
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1-[4-(4-Acetyl-2-hydroxy-phenylazo)-phenyl]-ethanone (L1) and 1-[3-Hydroxy-4(4-nitro-phenylazo)-phenyl]-ethanone (L2) were readied by combination the diazonium salts of amines with 3-hydroxyacetophenone. (C.H.N) analyses, infrared spectra, UV–vis electronic absorption spectra, 1H and 13CNMR spectral mechanisms are use to identified of the ligands. Complexes of Ni+2 and Cu+2 were performed as well depicted. The formation of complexes has been identified by using atomic absorption of flame, elemental analysis, infrared spectra and UV-Vis spectral process as well conductivity and magnetic quantifications. Nature of compounds produced have been studied obeyed the mole ratio and continuous contrast methods, Beer's law followed during a concent

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 28 2024
Journal Name
Curr Pharm Des
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Schiff base-mixed Ligand Complexes with Divalent Metal Ions Derived from Amoxicillin and Vanillin/Nicotinamide
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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Chemical-Free Greywater Treatment Using Aeration, Sedimentation, Followed by Granular Activated Carbon Filter (GAC) -A Case Study of Baghdad city household
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Greywater is a possible water source that can be improved for meeting the quality required for irrigation. Treatment of greywater can range from uncomplicated coarse filtration to advanced biological treatment. This article presents a simple design of a small scale greywater treatment plant, which is a series of physical and natural processes including screening, aeration, sedimentation, and filtration using granular activated carbon filter and differentiates its performance with sand filter. The performance of these units with the dual filter media of (activated carbon with sand) in treatment of greywater from Iraqi house in Baghdad city during 2019 and that collected from several points including washbasins, kitchen si

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
Multiple and Coherent Noise Removal from X-Profile 2D Seismic Data of Southern Iraq Using Normal Move Out-Frequency Wavenumber Technique
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Multiple eliminations (de-multiple) are one of seismic processing steps to remove their effects and delineate the correct primary refractors. Using normal move out to flatten primaries is the way to eliminate multiples through transforming these data to frequency-wavenumber domain. The flatten primaries are aligned with zero axis of the frequency-wavenumber domain and any other reflection types (multiples and random noise) are distributed elsewhere. Dip-filter is applied to pass the aligned data and reject others will separate primaries from multiple after transforming the data back from frequency-wavenumber domain to time-distance domain. For that, a suggested name for this technique as normal move out- frequency-wavenumber domain

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 01 2021
Journal Name
Clinics And Research In Hepatology And Gastroenterology
Genetic polymorphism of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 and trinucleotide repeat-containing 9 influence the susceptibility to HCV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma
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Background Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) and trinucleotide repeat-containing 9 (TNRC9) gene polymorphisms have been associated with some cancers. We aimed to assess the association of FGFR2 rs2981582 and TNRC9 rs12443621 polymorphisms with hepatocellular cancer risk. Methods One hundred patients with HCV-induced HCC, 100 patients with chronic HCV infection, and 100 controls were genotyped for FGFR2 rs2981582 and TNRC9 rs12443621 using allele-specific Real-Time PCR analysis. Results FGFR2 rs2981582 genotype TT was associated with increased risk of HCC when compared to controls (OR = 3.09, 95% CI = 1.24–7.68). However, it was significantly associated with a lower risk of HCC when using HCV patients as controls (OR =

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Publication Date
Fri Aug 18 2023
Journal Name
Pharmacia
Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation of new Schiff bases derived from vanillic acid conjugated to heterocyclic 4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol
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A multistep synthesis was established for the preparation of a new vanillic acid-1, 2, 4-1triazole-3-thiol conjugate (4). Finally, several aromatized aldehydes reacted with compound (4) to produce Schiff bases derivatives (5–11). The purpose of this research is to prepare new vanillic acid derivatives with 1, 2, 4-triazole-3-thiol heterocyclic ring structures and to evaluate their antimicrobial activity in a preliminary assessment. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) were used to verify the structures of the newly synthesized compounds. all the final synthesized compounds (

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Analytical Methods In Environmental Chemistry Journal
Design a continuous microfluidic flow cell for turbidimetric-flow injection technology: A new approach for routine analysis of active pharmaceutical formulations
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 02 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
An Approximated Solutions for nth Order Linear Delay Integro-Differential Equations of Convolution Type Using B-Spline Functions and Weddle Method
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The paper is devoted to solve nth order linear delay integro-differential equations of convolution type (DIDE's-CT) using collocation method with the aid of B-spline functions. A new algorithm with the aid of Matlab language is derived to treat numerically three types (retarded, neutral and mixed) of nth order linear DIDE's-CT using B-spline functions and Weddle rule for calculating the required integrals for these equations. Comparison between approximated and exact results has been given in test examples with suitable graphing for every example for solving three types of linear DIDE's-CT of different orders for conciliated the accuracy of the results of the proposed method.

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 22 2023
Journal Name
Advances In Structural Engineering
Experimental and finite element analysis of reinforced concrete multi-cell box girders retrofitted with carbon fiber reinforced polymer strips under torsion
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This study expands the state of the art in studies that assess torsional retrofit of reinforced concrete (RC) multi-cell box girders with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. The torsional behavior of non-damaged and pre-damaged RC multi-cell box girder specimens externally retrofitted by CFRP strips was investigated through a series of laboratory experiments. It was found that retrofitting the pre-damaged specimens with CFRP strips increased the ultimate torsional capacity by more than 50% as compared to the un-damaged specimens subjected to equivalent retrofitting. This indicated that the retrofit has been less effective for the girder specimen that did not develop distortion beforehand as a result of pre-loading. From

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