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مضمون العقد- دراسة في ضوء المرسوم التشريعي الفرنسي رقم 131-2016 الصادر في 10/شباط/2016

من المفاهٌم المستحدثة التًي جاء بها مرسوم تعدٌيل القانون المدنً الفرنسًي رقم 131-2016 والصادر فًي شباط/ 2016 ،والتًي اثارت جدلا فقهٌيا سواء على مستوى الفقه الفرنسًي او العربًي، مفهوم (مضمون العقد) الذي حل كما ٌيبدو من ظاهر المواد القانونٌة المستحدثة محل ركنًي السبب والمحل فً العقد، وهما الركنان اللذان شكلا وعلى مدى مائتي عام ونيف احدى المرتكزات الاساسٌة فً تقنٌين نابلٌون. فهل ان مرسوم التعدٌيل قد تخلى بالفعل عن هذٌين الركنٌين، ام ان جل ما فعله هو تغيير فًي المصطلحات مع المحافظة على مضمون هذٌين الركنٌين بشكل ضمنًي، هذا ما سنحاول بٌيانه فًي هذا البحث فًي ضوء ما هو متاح من المصادر الحدٌيثة التًي عالجت مفهوم مضمون العقد فًي ضوء مرسوم التعدٌيل.

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 03 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Sources of income subject to tax in the Iraqi Income Tax Law No.113 of 1982

The tax is a financial amount collected from the taxpayer for the account of the public treasury.. and is the cornerstone of the close bond between members of the community and the country in which they live , as income tax is imposed on the profits and revenues achieved by people and often the constitution of most contemporary countries stipulate that the legislator is obligated to determine the sources of revenues and profits subjected to tax. Because the tax has a serious impact on people’s money because it is exposed to that money through direct deduction . Therefore, we note that the applicable income Tax Law stipulated that in order income to be subject to tax , it must be derived from one or more of the income sources st

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 10 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Legal Sciences
The Doctrine of Good Faith in English Law Acceptation or Rejection: دراسة في ضوء احدث القرارات القضائية الانكليزية

This article considers the doctrine of good faith in English law of contract. It analyses the different decisions of courts and the opinions of scholars and assesses whether good faith is general doctrine in English law of contract or not? It has been found that there is traditional English hostility towards a doctrine of good faith. However, in the last six years, a judicial trend, supported by some English scholars, has begun to argue that the principle of good faith should be adopted in the law of contract. This trend tries to implication contracts the duty of good faith as a implied term.

The recent attempts of the Judge Leggatt and subsequent judicial decisions that have adopted his approach, although not yet reached its goa

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
The gratifications of local television sports programs from the audience's point of view Analytical study for the period from 1/7/2022 to 01/10/2022

The issue of sports media and its role in winning sports and non-sports fans and unifying them towards various issues and events is one of the important topics that have begun to occupy many countries and governments in the world and allocate appropriate spaces for it and provide it with sufficient funds and budgets to advance this reality...

Especially since the concept of the sports official has It changed a lot and turned into an economic concept rather than a sport one through the investment in the field of sports and the entry of capital and contributes to the prosperity of the countries interested in this field.

It is important that includes profit and loss in addition to knowing how to employ and win the masses and e

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 17 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
D-dimer level and Wells score in women undergone Lymphadenectomy in Gynecological Cancer to Assess Risk of Deep Venous Thrombosis

Background: One of the most important prognostic indicators in cancer is the lymph node dissection. Lymphadenectomy considered as a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis in patients with gynecological malignancy who underwent surgery. D-dimer was used to detect deep vein thrombosis, thus, it’s important to predict complications of post-operative Lymphadenectomy.

Objective: To predict the  risk of deep venous thrombosis by used serum D-dimer and wells score after pelvic lymphadenectomy in gynecological cancer.

Patients and method:  A cross sectional study conducted in Obstetrics and Gynecology/ ward in medical city, from 1st, January 2021 to 30th, De

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Dictionaries in the News.. In the light of Semiotic analysis,

We refer in this research into linguistic binaries, try rounding of simiaei news analysis. It is known that there are branches of Linguistics called social Linguistics, divided into communicative Linguistics and media. Perhaps the best justification for the inclusion of a new curriculum in media studies is a semiotic analysis of the news. I›ve turned the speech, language and communication studies in relation to different disciplines, many research projects, and returned only old curriculum, speed shift in thought, proportional to the revolution in information and communication technology, for reality imposed on the entire world, researchers are the first affected by this enormous humanitarian Almanza. Alsimiaaeon still shy away from an

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 31 2018
Journal Name
Arab Science Heritage Journal
الاغلاط الأَغلاط اللغوية في كتاب الإنسان الثاني لمحمود عباس العقاد دراسة في ضوء كتب التصحيح اللغوي الحديثة

بحثنا الموسوم بـ (الأغلاط اللغوية في كتاب الإنسان الثاني لمحمود عباس العقاد دراسة في ضوء كتب التصحيح اللغوي الحديثة)، ليس الغاية منه النيل من شخص كاتب كبير، وعلم من أعلام الأدب العربي، بل اعتماد الموضوعية والرد على القول الشائع: (الخطأ الشائع خير من الصواب الضائع)، إذ إِن كثيرًا ممن يسلكون درب الأغلاط اللغوية يعمدون الى التمسك بها محتجين بأن ما ورد في تعبيراتهم ورد في تعبيرات كتّاب كبار، فضلاً عن أن الباحثة ل

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
An Evaluation Study of the Classroom Activities within the Developed English Course (Flying High) for the High School First- Grade Students in View of Creative Thinking Skills

The study aims to examine the classroom activities of the developed English course (Flying High) for the high school first-grade students, identify creative thinking skills appropriate for this grade, and show the extent the classroom activities involve these skills from the female- teachers ‘point of view. The study adopted the descriptive survey method. The study community consists of all (50) English female-teachers who teach high school first grade in Arar city during the academic year (1440 -1441 A.H, the first semester). The study was applied to all respondents. The researcher used a questionnaire as a study tool. The study revealed that the female-teachers reported their disagreement and refusal of the classroom activities in th

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 28 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Midterm Tests in some Faculties at Shaqra University from Female Students' Views

The aim of this study is to uncover the views of female students of Shaqra University towards midterm tests.  A survey of  (42) items distributed in three fields. The study has been applied to a random sample of (421) students from two faculties. The results showed that all three fields have achieved an intermediate level. The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in students’ views of midterm tests due to the specialization or academic level variables.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 10 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Similar and different between Arabic and Arabian peninsula Accents balance linguistic Study Voice of the Sein typically

    Languages were not found in our life in a way utter coincidence , and it’s not flounce on people’s tongue randomly ‚ but laws are the controlling in languages‚ these laws could be lift to the same level of natural laws‚ phonetics form the main part in producing those languages‚ the Arabic language is one of those languages ‚ it’s largest dialects in Arabian Peninsula according to speakers number ‚ Arabic language link with these dialects through properties and phenomena sound and grammar‚ from this point my topic search is came Similar and different between Arabic and  Arabian peninsula Accents balance linguistic–study voice of the Seine typically ) . and  Similar and different of the ph

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 31 2018
Journal Name
مجلة جامعة الانبار للعلوم القانونية والسياسية
المسؤولية المدنية لرجال الشرطة الناشئة عن اضرار المطاردات- دراسة في ضوء موقف القانون والقضاء الامريكي

عندما تم اختراع السيارة، لم يكن يدر في خلد أفراد المجتمع الأمريكي أن هنالك مطاردات سوف تحصل بين أفراد الشرطة من جهة، وبين المشتبه بهم في محاولة منهم للفرار من الشرطة من جهة اخرى، وذلك عن طريق استخدام السرعة المفرطة والتي قد تكون متهورة في بعض الأحيان. ولكن لسوء الحظ فأن مثل هذه المطاردات التي تتم في الشوارع الرئيسية للمدينة وكذلك الشوارع الفرعية أصبحت أمرا حقيقيا وليس مجرد مادة خيالية يتم افتعالها على شاشات ا

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