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Proactive leadership and its relationship to managing the organizational error of the Iraqi Handball Federation from the point of view of the clubs participating in the Iraqi Elite League for the season 2023-2024
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This research seeks to study the role of proactive leadership as an essential element that helps all federations that lead the wheel of sports, including the Iraqi Handball Federation, so that it builds a correct environment that helps manage the organizational errors that the Handball Federation may fall into, and this in turn helps in early detection of errors and obstacles that may occur. It is likely that the Federation will fall into the process of managing and organizing the Iraqi Handball League, in addition to increasing the clubs’ ability to assist the Iraqi Handball Federation by being proactive so as not to make mistakes. The research community included the administrative bodies of the clubs participating in the Iraqi Elite Handball League. They are (the club’s representatives in the Union - the team supervisor - coaches - administrators) and their number is (90), for the season (2023-2024) and their number is 15 clubs: the police, the army, the Popular Mobilization Forces, Diyala, the municipality of Basra, Kufa, Al-Taawoun, Karbala, Kut, Al-Musayyab, the Arabian Gulf, Al-Karkh, Al-Fatwa, Naft Maysan, and Nasiriyah. The exploratory sample was (10), the construction sample was (80), and the application sample was (90) people. The researcher concluded that there is a positive relationship between proactive leadership and organizational error management for the Iraqi Handball Federation. The results also indicate the availability of proactive leadership in the Iraqi Handball Federation to a moderate degree. Therefore, the researcher recommends activating the effect of proactive leadership on managing organizational error through union members acquiring proactive leadership behavior because it bears fruit. Accordingly, it is necessary for the union’s senior management to pay greater attention to working to spread an idea of how to manage organizational error in how to deal with errors that occur in an environment. Work because of its impact on the effectiveness of union members.

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 19 2015
Journal Name
Al-academy
The Significance of the Folk Symbols and Their Influence on The National Identity (Chosen samples from the Contemporary Iraqi Pottery): زينب كاظم صالح
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The contemporary art culture is considered a resultant of preceding human civilizations from the early days. At the same time, it got closer to the local privacy, because the contemporary Iraqi potter worked hard to create new art, refusing to base his art on the early works, creating art pieces that contains properties to inherited art and their form significance, in order to create a new identity of his own, bringing an empowerment to his deepened civilization, with the goal to create national identity ideas from one hand, and entity and locality from another. Europeans also followed the direction of our civilization, such as (Picasso, Henry Moore, Barbra Hurth, Brankouzi, Hans Arp,..etc). From this point of view comes the importance o

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 17 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
A Safe Environment Scale from Professional Basketball Players and Coaches’ Point Of View
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The aim of the research was to prepare the fields and items for safe environment scale form professional basketball players and coaches’ point of view. The researchers used the descriptive method on professional athletes of players and coaches from (11) clubs; for the pilot study (21) athletes were selected and for the building sample (103) athletes, and standardization sample (101) athletes from the participants in the Iraqi league (2018-2019). The scale of the safe environment was concluded with (6) fields and (52) items. The researchers came up with the safe environment scale from the point of view of professional basketball players and coaches. Finally the researchers recommended paying attention to providing safe environment for athl

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of financial policy instruments to reduce the deficit of the State budget to the IMF terms: Applied Research at the Iraqi Ministry of finance - budget service
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Abstract search seeks to clarify the role and the importance of financial and fiscal policy adopted by the Iraqi Government during the years (2015 – 2018) to meet federal public deficit, as the Iraqi economy to shocks from falling global oil prices and terrorist attack ISIS, so the State budget suffered from a severe lack of income as a result of its reliance on revenues from selling crude oil and in return the high proportion of public expenditures. Especially military to counter these attacks that by studying the results of the implementation of budgets and analysis and statement Causes of disabilities and assessment of these policies and procedures imposed by the International Monetary Fund. the research aims to show how increased g

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Factors specific to the process of sustainable development in Prov Iraqi Kurdistan
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Thoudy sustainable development attention of researchers and scholars at various orientations intellectual economies were or Ssayasn, or others as gaining the process of paramount importance in the light of major developments and unprecedented in the modern world at the levels of all and which turned the world sprawling into something like a global village is small, being aimed at elimination of backwardness and development branches of the national economy and raise the level of economic performance, and what was the province of Kurdistan-Iraq from areas with privacy clear and meets the elements of economic development has seen the movement of economic development and social with special features de facto geographical, political a

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 17 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Basic Education
Addiction to the Internet and its relation to the mental alertness of students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science for Girls
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 17 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
A comparative analysis , for some Elkinmetekih variables , in the performance of the skill (Nick shot the front reverse ) , between the players of the Iraqi team and the Egyptian , for young people in squash
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 24 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Comparison of three interpolation methods for the average monthly temperature in the south of Iraqi zone
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This study focuses on evaluating the suitability of three interpolation methods in terms of their accuracy at climate data for some provinces of south of Iraq. Two data sets of maximum and minimum temperature in February 2008 from nine meteorological stations located in the south of Iraq using three interpolation methods. ArcGIS is used to produce the spatially distributed temperature data by using IDW, ordinary kriging, and spline. Four statistical methods are applied to analyze the results obtained from three interpolation methods. These methods are RMSE, RMSE as a percentage of the mean, Model efficiency (E) and Bias, which showed that the ordinary krigingis the best for this data from other methods by the results that have b

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 23 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The perceptive image of volunteering and its relationship to the motives towards volunteering among a sample of Al-Quds Open University students.
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This study aimed to identify the perceived mental image of volunteering, and its relationship to volunteer motivation among a sample of Al-Quds Open University students, as well as to identify the differences in the perceived mental image of volunteering due to variables (gender, year of study, place of residence, college). The researcher has used relational descriptive approach. The researcher has used two questionnaires, the first was used to measure the perceptive mental image of volunteering, and the second to measure the motivation towards volunteering, and the study population may consist of all students of Al-Quds Open University Hebron Branch during the first semester of the academic year 2021/2020 and their number (3462)Male and

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 20 2017
Journal Name
International Journal Of Science And Research (ijsr)
Learning Styles according to the Model of Felder & Silverman and its Relationship with Mathematical Self-perceived Efficacy to Students of the College of Education for Pure Sciences-Ibn Al-Haitham
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This research aims toknow the learning styles according to the model of Felder and Silverman and its relationship to effectively self- perceived mathematicalamong students of the Faculty of Education Pure Sciences - Ibn al-Haytham. By answering the following questions: 1. What are the preferred methods of learning among students in the mathematics department according to the model Felder and Silverman? 2. What is the mathematicalself-perceived levelof the students at the Department of Mathematics effectiveness level? 3. What is the relationship between learning styles according to the Felder model and Silverman and the effectiveness of mathematical self-perceived of the students of the Department of Mathematics? The research sample consiste

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of tourism in economic growth-outlook for the role of tourism in Iraqi marshes development.
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The tourism activity is one of the pillars on which the economy of any country is based , the importance of the tourism sector is reflected in its potential to become an effective development alternative in many countries, especially Iraq ,this has a direct impact on the national economy as an important source in attracting hard currency and eliminating unemployment. Adding the Iraqi Marshlands to the list of effects makes it contribute to diversification of sources of income and stimulating rest of the economic sectors, the potentials and qualifications possessed by Iraq in the field of tourism and monuments have a significant impact on the state budget if they were exploited optimally. The research aims at identifying the contr

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