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Organic Synthesis under Solvent-free Condition (Green Chemistry): A Mini Literature Review
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Solvents are important components in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, and they are increasingly being used in catalytic reactions. Solvents have a significant influence on the kinetics and thermodynamics of reactions, and they can significantly change product selectivity. Solvents can influence product selectivity, conversion rates, and reaction rates. However, solvents have received a lot of attention in the field of green chemistry. This is due to the large amount of solvent that is frequently used in a process or formulation, particularly during the purification steps. However, neither the solvent nor the active ingredient in a formulation is directly responsible for the reaction product's composition. Because these characteristics have little bearing on how well or quickly the system in which the solvent is applied works, it appears unnecessary to use toxic, combustible, or environmentally hazardous solvents. However, the beneficial properties of the solvent required for the application are strongly linked to these unfortunate side effects of solvent use. Distillation can be used to recover and purify solvents because they are volatile; however, this process can produce unwanted air pollutants and be hazardous to workers during exposure. .

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Aip Conference Proceedings
Analysis of performance measures with single channel fuzzy queues under two class by using ranking method
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Using Truncated Test for Finding the Parameters of Single Sampling Plan under Distribution of Log-Logistic
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A group of acceptance sampling to testing the products was designed when the life time of an item follows a log-logistics distribution. The minimum number of groups (k) required for a given group size and acceptance number is determined when various values of Consumer’s Risk and test termination time are specified. All the results about these sampling plan and probability of acceptance were explained with tables.

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
The International Journal Of Nonlinear Analysis And Applications
Developing Bulk Arrival Queuing Models with Constant Batch Policy Under Uncertainty Data Using (0-1) Variables
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This paper delves into some significant performance measures (PMs) of a bulk arrival queueing system with constant batch size b, according to arrival rates and service rates being fuzzy parameters. The bulk arrival queuing system deals with observation arrival into the queuing system as a constant group size before allowing individual customers entering to the service. This leads to obtaining a new tool with the aid of generating function methods. The corresponding traditional bulk queueing system model is more convenient under an uncertain environment. The α-cut approach is applied with the conventional Zadeh's extension principle (ZEP) to transform the triangular membership functions (Mem. Fs) fuzzy queues into a family of conventional b

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Reducing activity costs under Resource Consumption Accounting: An Applied Research in the MidlandRefineriesCompany-Al Daura Refine
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The research aims to identify the importance of applying resource consumption accounting in the Iraqi industrial environment in general, and oil in particular, and its role in reducing the costs of activities by excluding and isolating idle energy costs, as the research problem represents that the company faces deficiencies and challenges in applying strategic cost tools. The research was based on The hypothesis that the application of resource consumption accounting will lead to the provision of appropriate information for the company through the allocation of costs properly by resource consumption accounting and then reduce the costs of activities. To prove the hypothesis of the research, the Light Derivatives Authority - Al-Dora Refin

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Publication Date
Tue Oct 20 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Civil Engineering
Structural Performance Under Monotonic Static Loading of Reinforced Concrete Gable Roof Beams with Multiple Web Openings
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In the present study, an attempt has been made to experimentally investigate the flexural performance of ten simply supported reinforced concrete gable roof beams, including solid control specimen (i.e., without openings) and nine beams with web openings of different dimensions and configurations. The nine beams with openings have identical reinforcement details. All beams were monotonically loaded to failure under mid-span loading. The main variables were the number of the created openings, the total area of the created openings, and the inclination angle of the posts between openings. Of interest is the load-carrying capacity, cracking resistance and propagation, deformability, failure mode, and strain development that represent the behav

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Sabrao Journal Of Breeding And Genetics
STUDY OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SOME GENOTYPES OF MAIZE UNDER TWO LEVELS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZATION
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The present study aimed to determine the genetic divergence of seven maize genotypes (Al-Maha, Sumer, Al-Fajr, Baghdad, 5018, 4 × 1 single hybrid, and 4 × 2 single hybrid) under two varied levels of nitrogen fertilization (92 and 276 kg N ha-1). The experiment occurred in 2022 in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a split-plot arrangement and three replications at the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Iraq. The nitrogen fertilization levels served as main plots, with the maize genotypes allocated as the subplots. The results revealed that genetic variance was higher than the environmental variance for most traits, and the coefficient of phenotypic variation was close to the genetic va

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Publication Date
Sun Oct 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis the context of Uncertainty (Nature and management) under two school of strategic thinking (theoretical perspective
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Purpose: studying and analyzing the nature of uncertainty as part of strategy formulation, through analyzing the uncertainty faced by managers in the modern business environment characterized by high complexity and dynamism, though developing of an idea about the uncertainty cases and how enable the mind to understand these cases.

Methodology: It was the use of inductive and analytical approach, in order to study the accumulation of knowledge towards development areas that could contribute to strengthening the strategy formulation.

Findings: Mentoring the future will not make the success for business organization but thought business organization ability to developing share mental

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Annals Of Agricultural Sciences
Water use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) under different irrigation methods and potassium fertilizer rates
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Performance Auditing Of Hotels Sector Under (Covid-19) And It’s Reflection On The Outcome Of Activity
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Abstract:

              The hotel sector is one of the most vital sectors exposed to risks, and the authorities concerned with control must take their active and influential role in putting the hotel sector on the right track and compatible with the internationally approved approaches, and the importance of auditing the performance of the hotel sector in light of the (Covid-19) pandemic is embodied in the fact that it gives a clear and realistic picture to the management and regulatory bodies about the performance and activities of this sector and the shortcomings and deviations that must be addressed, and also helps government decision makers to ob

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 28 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Energy And Power Engineering
Comparison between Two Vertical Enclosures Filled With Porous Media under the Effect of Radiation and Magnetohydrodynamics
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