Mishrif Formation was deposited during The Cenomanian-Early Turonian, which has been studied in selected Tuba and Zubair OilFields, these wells (TU-5, TU-24, TU-40, ZB-41, ZB-42, and ZB-46) are located within Mesopotamian basin at southern Iraq and considered as a major carbonate reservoir in Iraq and the Arabian Gulf. The palaeontological investigations mainly depending on benthonic foraminifera of the studied wells of Tuba and Zubair Oilfields in Mishrif Formation, twenty-four species belonging to fourteen genera are recognized of benthonic foraminifera, which has been recognized through this study, especially benthonic foraminiferal, indicating four zones as follows:

Abstract The study aimed at demonstrating the reality of sectarian coexistence in Iraq, which was characterized by the tolerance and coercion caused by the successive government policies to govern Iraq and to this day. The study was based on the hypothesis that coexistence between Islamic sects in Iraq can be achieved as long as there are strong bonds linking its components, and these bonds can produce coexistence between the sects based on peace. The study concluded that the hypothesis is correct, in addition to drawing a set of observations aimed at identifying weaknesses for advancing them through the adoption of mechanisms that address these weaknesses to yield towards a genuine peaceful coexistence among Islamic sects in Iraq.

Water one of the most important sources Which is no doubt essential for life surviving, water is vital in many sectors of life e.g. ( agriculture, industrial, power and so many things can’t be restricted on the mentioned items, water has become major problem facing the world today. Competition over water resources between nations has made it as a vital commodity and a justification for waging wars against its neighbor’s countries, there are currently 263 rivers that either cross or demarcate international political boundaries. Geographically, Europe has the largest number of international basins (69), followed by Africa (59), Asia (57), North America (40), and South America (38).The absolute numbers of international basins, as well as t

Air pollution evaluation of the operational processes in the East Baghdad oil field was carried out. The analysis was carried out by ICP-MS technique. Total Suspended Particles (TSP) air load was higher than Iraqi Standards and world international allowable limits of World Health Organization. The mean concentrations of gases carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, in the air were within national and world standards, while the mean concentration of nitrogen dioxide was higher than standard limits. The air of the study area is considered a good quality for CO, CO2 and NO2 with no health effect, while it is hazardous for TSP that have serious risk for people with respiratory disease. The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu and

If the sovereignty of the state is reflected in the taxation of its citizens, this sovereignty can not be completed and completed only if it works on its part to collect its debts, whether voluntary or compulsory, and the debt of the debt arises from the will of the individual and the will of the state alone, The existing management of seizure and collection is based on an unequal relationship between the State and the debtor from which the obligation arises. Naturally, this relationship has obligations and rights on both parties. The researcher used a set of studies and previous research, books and other sources related to the subject of research. This was done through the theoretical and practical aspects, which focused on direct and i

The current study was conducted to test the efficiency of the vegetative part (plant leaves) of plant species of shrubs and trees involved in forming semi-artificial vegetation in the city of Baghdad, Karkh, in the uptake and accumulating the lead element that pollutes the air in the city atmosphere. Five plant sampling sites were selected: Al-Kadhimiyah, Al-Mansour, Al-Ma'aml (Al-Salam district), Al-Adl, and Al-Ameriya district intersections (Al-Seklat), and symbols were given (A, B, C, D, E) respectively. The spread and distribution of plants vary in terms of human activities and pollution levels, affecting the five sites that recorded more than 20 species. For a real comparison between plant efficiency and the effect of the nature of

The main purpose of the research is to demonstrate the importance of the insurance sector in the economy through its role in providing security for all economic sectors and thus stimulating the gross domestic product and reducing dependence on the output of the oil sector, which may expose the Iraqi economy to several problems and imbalances, I have found that there is a great weakness in the role of the insurance sector in Iraq at the level of government, companies and individuals, and the reason for this is the lack of policies supporting the insurance sector and the lack of work in the strategy of economic diversity and the decrease of security awareness by individuals so became Developing the sector to ensure the urgent need

The study aimed to test the hypothesis of Caldor to estimate the relationship between industrial production and GDP growth in Iraq using with Integration Framework  and to determine the causal relationship in the short and long term using the error correction vector model for the period 1990-2016. the results showed a long-term equilibrium relationship between GDP and industrial output, while Ganger causality tests showed a causal relationship in the long run of GDP to output Subliminal thus illustrated the extent of the recession suffered by the industrial sector, which is supposed to be the driving force of the economy and the development and expansion of the productive base of the industry, so this study recommends attent

ABSTRACT Background: Dental anomalies of teeth are major issue that contributes to dental problems encountered in general practice. The aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of dental anomalies and the associated etiological factors among 15 years old students in Basrah city –Iraq. Materials and methods: The total sample composed of 1000 students (435 males and 565 females) from urban area selected randomly from different high schools in the city. Diagnosis of dental anomalies were recorded by present or absent, diagnosis and recording of enamel defects were done according to the criteria of WHO (1997). Results: The prevalence of hypodontia was 4.6%, Females have higher prevalence than males (5.8% females and 3.0% males), ta