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Development of a remineralizing calcium phosphate nanoparticle-containing self-etching system for orthodontic bonding
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objectives

This study aimed to incorporate hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA) or amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (nACP) into a self-etch primer (SEP) to develop a simplified orthodontic bonding system with remineralizing and enamel preserving properties.

Materials and Methods

nHA and nACP were incorporated into a commercial SEP (Transbond™ plus) in 7% weight ratio and compared with the plain SEP as a control. Shear bond strengths (SBS), enamel damage, and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were evaluated at 24 h and post 5000 thermocycling. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was used to inspect the distribution of the nanoparticles in the experimental SEPs and evaluate the enamel surface integrity both before bracket bonding and post bracket debonding. Phase determination and remineralizing capability of the modified SEP were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, respectively.

Results

The addition of nHA or nACP to the SEP significantly reduced the SBS, ARI, and enamel damage (p < 0.05) as compared to the control SEP; however, only nHA-SEP survived the thermocycling protocol and yielded acceptable SBS (13.38 MPa). Enamel remineralizing ability of the developed nHA-SEP was confirmed by both FESEM images and Raman phosphate map.

Conclusions

Incorporating nHA into SEP resulted in clinically acceptable bond strengths with remineralizing ability.

Clinical relevance

The newly developed nHA-SEP has unprecedented ability to simultaneously etch, prime, and remineralize the enamel in a single step leaving immaculate enamel surface with the potential of saving cost and time at the post-debonding step.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Jour. For Pure & Appl. Sci.
Synthesis, Characterization and Study of Mesomorphic Behavior of New Bent and Liner Core Compounds Containing Heterocyclic
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We described herein the synthesized and characterized of new bent and liner core compounds containing thiazolidin-4-one ring[XI-XIII] and [XIV-XVI] respectively. These compounds synthesized by sequence reactions starting from reaction resorcinol or hydroquinone with chloracetyl chloride to yield compounds [I] and [II] ,then the later compounds reactant with 4-hydroxybenzylaldehyde to product dialdehyde compounds [III] and [IV] .The Schiff bases compounds[V-VII] and [VIII-X] synthesized from reaction the compound [III] or [IV] with different aromatic amines, while the bent and liner core mesogens containing thiazolidin-4-one ring [XI-XIII] and [XIV-XVI] synthesized from reaction Schiff bases compounds[V-VII] or [VIII-X] with thioglycolic aci

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 18 2021
Journal Name
Microorganisms
Catalysis of Chlorovirus Production by the Foraging of Bursaria truncatella on Paramecia bursaria Containing Endosymbiotic Algae
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Chloroviruses are large viruses that replicate in chlorella-like green algae and normally exist as mutualistic endosymbionts (referred to as zoochlorellae) in protists such as Paramecium bursaria. Chlorovirus populations rise and fall in indigenous waters through time; however, the factors involved in these virus fluctuations are still under investigation. Chloroviruses attach to the surface of P. bursaria but cannot infect their zoochlorellae hosts because the viruses cannot reach the zoochlorellae as long as they are in the symbiotic phase. Predators of P. bursaria, such as copepods and didinia, can bring chloroviruses into contact with zoochlorellae by disrupting the paramecia, which results in an increase in virus titers in micr

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 26 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Synthesis, Characterization and Preliminary Study of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of New Pyrazoline Containing Ibuprofen Derivatives
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Publication Date
Fri Feb 15 2019
Journal Name
Route Educational & Social Science Journal
The effect of the 4-H model on self-regulated learning and life skills for female chemistry students in the second intermediate year
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 28 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Self Scheduling Strategy Using Competitive Style in Learning Short and Long Passes in Handball for 2nd Grade Secondary School Students
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The research aimed at designing teaching sessions using the self-scheduling strategy with a competitive style in learning handball as well as identifying differences between pre and post tests in both groups in learning short and long passes in handball. The researchers used the experimental method on 2nd-grade secondary school students. The researchers concluded using the self-scheduling strategy due to its positive effect on learning short and long handball passes in handball. Finally, the researchers recommended applying strategies and styles in teaching different school levels as well as making similar studies using teaching strategies and styles for learning handball skills in students.

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 28 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Reality of Alternative Assessment for Teachers of the First Cycle of the Basic Education in the Sultanate of Oman: Use, Self-Efficacy, and Attitude
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This study aims at identifying the reality of alternative assessment for teachers of the first cycle of the basic education in the Sultanate of Oman with respect to the degree of teachers' use of alternative assessment strategies, level of self-efficacy for alternative assessment strategies, and attitude towards alternative assessment, and their relationship with other variables. To achieve the aims of the study, a descriptive research approach was utilized. A 5-point self-rated questionnaire was developed. It consists of three sections: Actual use of alternative assessment strategies (21 items), self-efficacy for alternative assessment strategies (21 items), and attitude towards alternative assessment (27 items). The psychometric proper

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of College Of Education
Some of the Probability Characteristics Functions of the Solution of a System of Random Linear Inequalities
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Publication Date
Tue Feb 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Altruism and its relation with self control among university students
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Altruism is one of good qualities of human being expressing his highness and triumph. Self control has A signifies in a lot of psychological, educational, Social, ethical and healing fields Where the higher self control relates with high degrees of carefulness accuracy, problem solving, choice. judgment and decision making. the present study aimos at measuring altruism among university students , self control among them , recognizing the statistically differences significance on self control among university students according to gender variable and recognizing the correlation between attruism and self control among university students . the sample consists of the basic application one (200) students (100) males and (100) males that had

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Self-Reliance and Relation to Human Relations with Riyadh Teachers
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The research aims to identify the correlation between self-reliance and human relationship of kindergartens’ teachers. Total of (120) kindergarten teachers at Baghdad city. To collect needed data, two scales were administered to the research sample consisted of (25) items of each scale with (five) alternatives. The results revealed that teachers have good level of self-reliance and human relationship. There is a positive correlation between self-reliance and human relationship.

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 27 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Oral hygiene practices and self-perceived halitosis among dental students
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Background: Halitosis represents a common dental condition, although sufferers are often not conscious of it. It is common among humans around the world and is usually caused by an accumulation of bacteria in the mouth as a result of gum disease, food, or plaque. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of oral hygiene practices, smoking habits and halitosis among undergraduate dental students and correlate the oral hygiene practices, oral health conditions to the prevalence of self perceived oral malodor. Materials and Methods: Clinical examination of 250 dental students and a self-administered questionnaire were included in this study. A questionnaire was developed to assess the self-reported perception of oral breath, awareness of b

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