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Development of a remineralizing calcium phosphate nanoparticle-containing self-etching system for orthodontic bonding
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Abstract<sec> <title>Objectives

This study aimed to incorporate hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHA) or amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (nACP) into a self-etch primer (SEP) to develop a simplified orthodontic bonding system with remineralizing and enamel preserving properties.

Materials and Methods

nHA and nACP were incorporated into a commercial SEP (Transbond™ plus) in 7% weight ratio and compared with the plain SEP as a control. Shear bond strengths (SBS), enamel damage, and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were evaluated at 24 h and post 5000 thermocycling. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was used to inspect the distribution of the nanoparticles in the experimental SEPs and evaluate the enamel surface integrity both before bracket bonding and post bracket debonding. Phase determination and remineralizing capability of the modified SEP were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, respectively.

Results

The addition of nHA or nACP to the SEP significantly reduced the SBS, ARI, and enamel damage (p < 0.05) as compared to the control SEP; however, only nHA-SEP survived the thermocycling protocol and yielded acceptable SBS (13.38 MPa). Enamel remineralizing ability of the developed nHA-SEP was confirmed by both FESEM images and Raman phosphate map.

Conclusions

Incorporating nHA into SEP resulted in clinically acceptable bond strengths with remineralizing ability.

Clinical relevance

The newly developed nHA-SEP has unprecedented ability to simultaneously etch, prime, and remineralize the enamel in a single step leaving immaculate enamel surface with the potential of saving cost and time at the post-debonding step.

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 24 2024
Journal Name
Pharmacia
Novel anticoagulants in the management of atrial fibrillation: A comprehensive comparative analysis
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Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) stands as the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia, with associated risks of stroke and systemic thromboembolism. While vitamin K antagonists, specifically warfarin, have historically been the mainstay for stroke prevention in AF, they come with inherent limitations.

Aim: This review seeks to offer a comprehensive analysis of the efficacy, safety, and clinical advantages of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) compared to traditional warfarin in AF management.

Method: A meticulous examination of pivotal clinical trials, meta-analyses, and recent research publications was conducted.

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Corporate And Business Strategy Review
The role of learning organizations in crisis management strategy: A case study
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The problem of the paper focused on the role of the learning organization in the crisis management strategy, and the extent of the actual interest in both the learning organization and the crisis management and aimed at diagnosing and analyzing that and surrounding questions. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program was used to calculate the results and the correlation coefficient between the two main variables. The methodology was descriptive and analytical. The case study was followed by a questionnaire that was distributed to a sample of 31 teachers. The paper adopted a seven-dimensional model of systemic thinking that encourages questioning, empowerment, provision of advanced technologies, and strategic lea

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 18 2024
Journal Name
Inflammopharmacology
The effects of cholesterol and statins on Parkinson’s neuropathology: a narrative review
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 14 2016
Journal Name
Applied Organometallic Chemistry
Synthesis and antioxidant activities of Schiff bases and their complexes: a review
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Schiff bases, named after Hugo Schiff, are aldehyde- or ketone-like compounds in which the carbonyl group is replaced by imine or azomethine group. They are widely used for industrial purposes and also have a broad range of applications as antioxidants. An overview of antioxidant applications of Schiff bases and their complexes is discussed in this review. A brief history of the synthesis and reactivity of Schiff bases and their complexes is presented. Factors of antioxidants are illustrated and discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2015
Journal Name
Solar Energy
A review of studies on using nanofluids in flat-plate solar collectors
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Continuous escalation of the cost of generating energy is preceded by the fact of scary depletion of the energy reserve of the fossil fuels and pollution of the environment as developed and developing countries burn these fuels. To meet the challenge of the impending energy crisis, renewable energy has been growing rapidly in the last decade. Among the renewable energy sources, solar energy is the most extensively available energy, has the least effect on the environment, and is very efficient in terms of energy conversion. Thus, solar energy has become one of the preferred sources of renewable energy. Flat-plate solar collectors are one of the extensively-used and well-known types of solar collectors. However, the effectiveness of the coll

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 09 2013
Journal Name
Plant Biology
Comparing simple root phenotyping methods on a core set of rice genotypes
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Abstract<p>Interest in belowground plant growth is increasing, especially in relation to arguments that shallow‐rooted cultivars are efficient at exploiting soil phosphorus while deep‐rooted ones will access water at depth. However, methods for assessing roots in large numbers of plants are diverse and direct comparisons of methods are rare. Three methods for measuring root growth traits were evaluated for utility in discriminating rice cultivars: soil‐filled rhizotrons, hydroponics and soil‐filled pots whose bottom was sealed with a non‐woven fabric (a potential method for assessing root penetration ability). A set of 38 rice genotypes including the Oryza<styled-content style="fixed-case">SNP</styled-content></p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Agricultural Sciences
Cloning and expression of a lipase gene from Pseudomonas aeruginosa into E.coli
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Fifteen local isolates of Pseudomonas were obtained from several sources such as soil, water and some high-fat foods (Meat, olives, coconuts, etc.). The ability of isolates to produce lipase was measured by the size of clear zone on Tween 20 solid medium and by measuring the enzymatic activity and specific activity. Isolate M3 (as named in this study) was found to be the most efficient for the production of the lipase with enzymatic activity reached 56.6 U/ml and specific activity of 305.94 U/mg. This isolate was identified through genetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. and it was shown that the isolate M3 belongs to Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 99% similarity. The DNA of isolate M3 was extracted and lipase gene was amplified through PCR tec

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Developing strategic leadership practices in the light of transparency and organizational citizenship behavior - A field study of a sample of the staff of the Office of the Inspector General at the Iraqi Ministry of Culture
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Diversity the terms and practice the organizational filed with different concepts and environment, which Iraqi environment part from them. Some organizational in Iraqi environment leave its basic oriented to agreement with the leader desire, their fore this research focus tow basic variable (organizational citizenship behavior & transparence), we supposition which is dependent to explanation the response variable (strategic leadership). The results justification in part and not justification in another part. For example the organizational citizenship behavior effect on some parte of the strategic leadership. The transparence have faraway to fly from the relation with organizational citizenship behavior and strategic leadershi

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Modern Sport
The point of download of the faculty members for the reality of administrative motivation for the faculties of physical education and sports sciences deans of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriya Universities Authors
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The aim of the research is to identify the reality of administrative motivation for the deans of the faculties of physical education and sports sciences at the universities of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriya from the point of download of the faculty members. The number of the exploratory sample was (7) faculty members, they were taken in a random way, while the rest of the sample number was (150) faculty members who considered the application sample for the scale, and the two researchers also adopted a questionnaire for the scale and it is applied to the Iraqi environment. phrase, which are phrases that are interrelated with the administrative leadership motivation in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences. The researchers did

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 27 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of International Monetary Fund in Planning monetary policy for Developing the Iraqi economy: An Applied Research for the Period (2004-2013)
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The developing countries, like our country Iraq suffer from deep comprehensive structural crisis, manifestations and a clear imbalance between the demand and the supply sides. The overall imbalance in the external balance. As a consequence, this caused the accumulation of foreign debts or failure in the implementation of economic development programs. The countries which are forced to resort to the International Monitoring Funds, and the World Bank for assistance and to express an opinion on policies that include restrictions controls that belong to the monetary, and fiscal side group, imposed on the economies crisis, as a condition for returning to normal which called reform programs. The organize of the events of radical changes in the

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