The research in Islamic history is considered a title for the glory of the nation and a mirror for the intellectual and mental maturity of the men of the Islamic state who played an important role in saving humanity from darkness to light and from ignorance to knowledge and to show their position in building the Islamic state, and to highlight the importance of their conquests of neighboring cities and the expansion of Islam, and for this reason they appear The importance of writing on the topic (The Battle of Dumat al-Jandal and its impact on the era of the Prophethood and the Rightly Guided Caliphate). The reason for choosing this topic was to show the status of Dumat al-Jandal and its importance in the Islamic state and its great role

Most of the mosques in the Islamic world fall under specific and known forms and patterns to a large extent, and such patterns have grown and evolved from the few basic and uniform models, but they changed slowly due to the impact with a mixture of changing functional requirements and cultural landscapes because of the variables of time and place to form patterns known and famous in this day across parts of the Islamic world and its borders. There was no exception to these patterns, but small numbers of mosques that were probably the result of personal experiences or improvisational resolutions, or in response to specific or temporary stimuli. However, the emergence of a specific pattern which does not belong to any of these patt

In this paper some chalcones (C1-C8) are prepared based on the reaction of one mole of substituted acetophenone with one mole of substituted benzaldehydes in the presence of (40%) sodium hydroxide as a base. Pyrazolines (P1–P8) are prepared from the reaction of chalcones (C1-C8) with hydrazine hydrate. Isoxazoline (I1-I8) is prepared from the reaction of chalcones (C1-C8) with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride in the presence of (10%) sodium hydroxide as a base. These compounds are characterized by using various physical and spectral methods. The compounds are screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity using gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria. Several derivatives of pyrazolines and isoxazolines are produced well to moder

Many new heterocyclic compounds including 4-thiazolidinones containing indole with triazole units were described. The new Schiff bases [VII] a, b and [VIII] a, b synthesized by condensation acid hydrazides [II],[VI] with different (aromatic) aldehydes in absolute ethanol. The refluxing equimolar amounts of the Schiff bases ([VII] a, b,[VIII] a, b) with thioglycolic acid in benzene led to get thiazolidin-4-ones derivatives ([IX] a, b and [X] ad). Finally, the new derivatives [XI] ac run out via the reacted compound [IX] a with different n-alkyl bromide (methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, and butyl bromide)

Although the term' tautology' predicts negative connotation, it is often employed by poets and lyric writers to communicate more implied meanings. Through the use of tautological expressions, they exchange ideas, give more possibilities to readers to detect the meaning behind the tautological words and thus suggest details not openly communicated in the poem. Ten American song lyrics and ten American poems have been selected to be the data for the study. Data analysis is conducted on the basis of three steps:(i) identifying the type of tautology used ,(ii) detecting the syntactic realization of the tautology  and (iii) finding the functions of the use of tautology in these lyrics and poems. The study concludes that song lyrics and p

The aim of the current research is to identify the self-control of kindergarten teachers as well as to identify the significance of the differences according to a variable (years of service, academic achievement, specialization). Its final paragraphs consist of (35) paragraphs, and its psychometric properties were verified and the tool was applied to a sample of (400) teachers chosen randomly from kindergarten teachers affiliated to the General Directorates of Education in Baghdad, Rusafa, and Karkh for the academic year 2019-2020

In light of the objectives of the current research, the following results were reached

1. The current research sample is from kindergarten teachers with self-contro
2. There are diffe

A comparison study was made for the reaction of triruthenium carbonyl Ru3(CO)12 with azoarene ArN=NAr . This reaction was monitored in two kinds of solvents , toluene , and n- octane , which yielded new triruthenium carbonyl complex Ru3(μ3-NAr)2(CO)9 . The reactions of azoarenes ArN=NAr with Ru3(CO)12 formed the following trinuclear compound of Ru3((μ3- NAr)2(CO)9 (Ar-C6H4Br-4) in law yield . In addition , to new isomers species of mononuclear cyclometallated of Ru(BrC6H4N-NC6H4NBr-4)2(CO)2 in different percentages . The mechanism of the reaction domenstrates that the formation of trinuclear bis arylimido complexes , and ortho metallated was , the result of cleavage of nitrogen –nitrogen bond . Monitoring this gave evidence that the rea

Abstract

The current research aims to identify the negotiation behavior of administrative teachers, as well as to identify the significance of the differences in negotiation behavior according to the variables (gender, scientific title, length of service). After confirming the psychometric characteristics of (20) items, the researchers applied the scale to (400) male and female administrative teaching staff who were randomly selected from the University of Baghdad for the academic year 2021/2022. The results showed the following the research sample has a negotiating behavior. There are no statistically significant differences between gender, scientific title, and length of service in the means of negotiating beha