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The effect of the green value chain in reducing environmental failure costs
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The research aims to apply the activities of the green value chain as one of the modern administrative techniques that economic units resort to develop solutions to the pollution problems that occur due to the activity of economic units and their products that may cause damage to the environment as well as the waste of natural resources and to identify the production of environmentally friendly products and reduce the costs of environmental failure of both types Internal and external that may be borne by economic units such as taxes, fines and compensation due to nonobservance of environmental requirements and the preservation of human health and protection of the environment. To achieve the goal of the research, the researchers relied on the descriptive analytical approach of the theoretical side by relying on Arabic and foreign books, letters, university theses, articles, research and periodicals related to the topic of the research. Engineers and employees of the aforementioned company. The study concluded a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that there is an effect of green value chain activities in reducing the costs of environmental failure if mechanisms and materials that take into account the environment and human health are used by reducing waste and recycling products to preserve the environment and natural resources. In light of these conclusions, many recommendations were reached, the most important of which is that the economic units must apply value chain activities when producing products to obtain environmentally friendly, nonpolluting products that do not cause harm to humans and contribute to avoiding economic units from being subjected to fines, taxes and penalties by complying with the requirements Environmental.

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 02 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Constructing a Sustainable Roller Compacted Concrete Using Waste Demolished Material as Replacement of Cement: A Review
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Roller Compacted Concrete is a type of concrete that is environmentally friendly and more economical than traditional concrete. Roller Compacted Concrete is typically used for heavy-duty and specialist constructions, such as hydraulic structures and pavements, because of its coarse surface. The main difference between RCC and conventional concrete mixtures is that RCC has a more significant proportion of fine aggregates that allow compaction and tight packing. In recent years, it has been estimated that several million tons of waste demolished material (WDM) produced each year are directed to landfills worldwide without being recycled for disposal. This review aimed to study the literature about creating a Roller-Comp

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Optical Materials
Design and analysis of a high sensitivity open microchannel PCF-based surface plasmon resonance refractometric sensor
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Publication Date
Mon Jul 28 2025
Journal Name
Structural Concrete
Behavior of axially loaded concrete composite columns encased with <scp>GFRP</scp> and steel I‐sections
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Abstract<p>The aim of this investigation is to evaluate the experimental and numerical effectiveness of a new kind of composite column by using Glass Fiber‐Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) I‐section as well as steel I‐section in comparison to the typical reinforced concrete one. The experimental part included testing six composite columns categorized into two groups according to the slenderness ratio and tested under concentric axial load. Each group contains three specimens with the same dimensions and length, while different cross‐section configurations were used. Columns with reinforced concrete cross‐section (reference column), encased GFRP I‐section, and encased steel I‐section were adopted in each </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Wed Aug 13 2025
Journal Name
Molecular Crystals And Liquid Crystals
Synthesis, characterization and mesomorphic behavior of twin pyrazole ligands and their metal complexes containing dithiocarbamat units
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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2024
Journal Name
Applied Thermal Engineering
Design and optimization of a household photovoltaic/thermal collector with serpentine tube: Energy and exergy analysis
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 01 2025
Journal Name
Applied Thermal Engineering
Efficient thermal management of PVT systems via water-PCM hybridization: New design with optimized geometrical configuration
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Publication Date
Mon Nov 25 2024
Journal Name
Heat Transfer
Thermo‐Enviro‐Economic Study of Solar Concentrated Hexagonal Covered Tubular Still Using Interrupted and Tilted Receiver
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ABSTRACT<p>Solar energy is still commonly used to produce clean drinking water due to its simple construction, low maintenance, and ecofriendliness. This work aims to experimentally investigate the yield upgrade and the thermal performance of a novel concentrated single‐axis tracking trough tubular solar still (TSS). This tubular still is identified by three baffles that generate four interrupted sections in the U‐receiver, which is inserted with copper mesh and fitted in a hexagonal‐shaped glass cover. Two identical TSS models were side‐by‐side outdoor tested in Baghdad‐Iraq 33.3° N and 43.3° E from January to March 2024. The first is inserted with black copper mesh (Model I), and the other h</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
ADSORPTION POTENTIAL FOR A MIXTURE OF CHEMICALLY AND THERMALLY TREATED CLAYS TO REMOVE ORANGE G DYE FROM WASTE-WATER: ADSORPTION POTENTIAL FOR A MIXTURE OF CHEMICALLY AND THERMALLY TREATED CLAYS TO REMOVE ORANGE G DYE FROM WASTE-WATER
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This study examined the adsorption behavior of anionic dye (orange G) from aqueous solution onto the raw and activated a mixture of illite, kaolinite and chlorite clays from area of Zorbatiya (east of Iraq).The chemical treatment involved alkali and acid activation. The alkali activation obtained by treated the raw clay (RC) with 5M NaOH (ACSO) and the acid activation founded by treated it with 0.25M HCl (ACH) and 0.25M  (ACS). The thermal treatment carried out by calcination the produce activated clay at 750oC for acid activation and 105oC for alkali activation. Batch

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 13 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Isolation and Identification of food Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii by using traditional methods, Vitek 2 system and molecular identification methods.: Isolation and Identification of food Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii by using traditional methods, Vitek 2 system and molecular identification methods.
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This study was aimed to isolate and identify Saccharomyces boulardii from Mangosteen fruits (Garcinia mangostana L.) by traditional and molecular identification methods To get safe and healthy foods probiotics for use, The isolates and two commercial strains were subjected to cultural, morphological and biochemical tests, The colonies of the isolates were spherical, smooth, mucoidal, dull and white to cream colour on SD agar media .The shape of cells was globose to ovoid and sometimes with budding, in a single form or clustered like a beehive. The isolates and two commercial strains were unable to metabolized galactose and lactose , Results shows that all isolates were unable to utilize potassium nitrate and not grow in the presence of (

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Forward and Reverse Osmosis Process for Recovery and Re-use of Water from Polluted Water by Phenol
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The research aims to apply the novel forward osmosis (FO) process to recover pure water
from contaminated water. Phenol was used as organic substance in the feed solution, while sodium
chloride salt was used as draw solution. Membranes used in the FO process is the cellulose
triacetate (CTA) and polyamide (thin film composite (TFC)) membrane. Reverse osmosis process
was used to treatment the draw solution, the exterior from the forward osmosis process. In the FO
process the active layer of the membrane faces the feed solution and the porous support layer faces
the draw solution and this will show the effect of dilutive internal concentration polarization and
concentrative external concentration polarization.
In th

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