Abstract Exotoxin A is the most lethal virulence factor produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It inhibits elongation factor-2 by ADP-ribosylation of EF2. This causes stop of the elongation of polypeptides. In recent study, the effect of low concentration of exotoxin A on some important internal organs of mice was studied. Four groups white mice were injected intraperitonialy with pure exotoxin A in the following manner 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 ng\ animals. One mouse receives normal saline inrtaperitonialy as a control. After 72 hours the mice were killed and four organs were taken, liver, spleen, lung and heart from each killed mice. Histological sections were made from each organ and stained with hematoxylin and eosin stain then examined under microscope. The resultant pathological changes were included, congestion of blood vessels, degenerative and necrotic changes, and infiltration of inflammatory cells of these organs. These pathological changes increased with increase the amount of exotoxin A injection as compared with control. No mouse was dying due to injection of exotoxin A. As a conclusion, exotoxin A at low concentrations can affect important internal organs namely, liver, spleen, lung and heart, this effect increase with increasing the concentration of exotoxin A. Lethal dose50 is much higher than that of the highest concentration that causes pathological changes.
Abstract A descriptive (retrospective) (a case-control) study was carried out at Al-Karama Teaching Hospital, Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Surgical Specialties Hospital, and Gastro-Intestinal Tract and Liver (GIT) Hospital for the period of December 1st, 2001 To March 15th 2002. To identify aspects of life-style that may contribute to the occurrence of peptic ulcer (P.U)as risk factors. And to find out the relationship between the demographic characteristic of the group. Non-probability (Purposive) sample of (100) cases who were admitted to the endoscopy department who were later on diagnosed as having
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Leigh's syndrome, or sub acute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, is a rare inherited neurometabolic disease of infancy and early childhood with variable course and prognosis. Rarely, it occurs in juveniles and adults. The diagnosis is difficult and still remains to challenge the clinicians on the basis of history; hence the role of imaging is very essential. It is the neuroimaging, chiefly the Magnetic Resonance Imaging showing characteristic symmetrical necrotic lesions in the basal ganglia and/or brain stem that leads to the diagnosis. Late-onset varieties are rare and only few cases were reported all over the world. Here, I report a case of late onset (juvenile) Leigh syndrome presenting with an acute polyneuropathy. Neuroimaging confi
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The current research aims to answer the following questions: what is the substance of democracy? What is the content of a democratic society? What is the role of university professor in the democratic development of the student university in light of the new Iraqi society? In order to achieve the goals of the research, the researcher developed an a questionnaire based on literature, Iraq's draft constitution in 2005, and his experience of the field of teaching human rights and public freedoms and the teaching of democracy. It was applied to a sample of faculty members in Department of Education and Psychology / College of Education / University Baghdad for the year 20014 were obtained their answers were then processed statistically. Henc
... Show MoreThe study aimed to analyze the relationship between the internal public debt and the public budget deficit in Iraq during the period 2010–2020 using descriptive and analytical approaches to the data of the financial phenomenon. Furthermore, to track the development of public debt and the percentage of its contribution to the public budget of Iraq during the study period. The study showed that the origin of the debt with its benefits consumes a large proportion of oil revenues through what is deducted from these revenues to pay the principal debt with interest, which hinders the development process in the country. It has been shownthat although there was a surplus in some years of study, it was not
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The speech delivered by political blocs and parties and broadcasted by satellite channels, social and communication media has different ideologies and orientations: moderate speech calling for calm or one raising crises.The latter is considered very challenging due to its local and international reference., this paper aims at uncovering these challenges especially during the political crisis witnessed in Iraq. This paper sheds light on the most important crisis that spread in public opinion, broadcasted by satellite, and raised by politicians who are competing to gain authority leading to a lack of peoples, confidence in them.This matter should not be neglected at all; e |
Abstract
Business organizations are using the technological innovations like cloud computing (CC) as a developmental platform in order to improve the performance of their information systems. In that context, our paper discusses know-how in employing the public and private CC to serve as platforms to develop the evaluation system of annual employees' performance (ESAEP) at Iraqi universities. Therefore, we ask the paper question which is “Is it possible to adopt the innovative solutions of ICTs (Like: public and private CC) for finding the developmental vision about management information systems at business organizations?”. In addition, the paper aim
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Objective: The descriptive study was used to evaluate nursing staff performance in cardiac care units at teaching
and non teaching hospitals in kirkuk city: A comparative study.
Methodology: A descriptive study was used to evaluate nursing staff performance in cardiac care units. The study
was conducted from December 29th
, 2013 up to the 27th of Apr. 2014. A non-probability (purposive) sample of
(44) nurses who work in cardiac care unit at Azady teaching Hospital and Kirkuk general Hospital was evaluated by
a questionnaire which consisted of two parts; the first part is concerned with the demographic characteristics of
the nurses and the second part concerned Observation check list for evaluation nursing staff Perfo
The research aims to identify intelligence spiritual among a sample of students Baghdad University as well as to identify the differences between students in intelligence spiritual according to variable type (male - female), and variable area of study (Science - a human) and variable (First grade - fourth grade), The research sample consisted of (300) students, were applied scale search - a spiritual Intelligence Scale (prepared by the researcher), has resulted in the search results for: -
The students of the University of Baghdad (sample) enjoyed a high level of spiritual intelligence.
- There are no differences between males and females in the spiritual intelligence.
- There
The objective of this in vivo study is to investigate the effects of 337.1 nm pulsed N2 laser on cellular immune response represented by lymphocyte transformation capacity and phagocytosis activity in laboratory animals. The samples include 60 adult male BALB/c mice, were divided into control group and experimental groups. The experimental groups were divided into two main groups according to the time period after N2 laser irradiation. Each group was divided into 9 subgroups which exposed to N2 laser radiation at different values of pulse repetition rates and exposure times. The results of immunological tests demonstrated that the exposure to 180 J/cm2 of N2 laser radiation induce adverse effect to cellular immune response. The results o
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