This study includedepidermal appendages characters of ten species belongingto the familyAsteraceae.Most of the studied species are characterized by eglandular, glandular, trichomesand papillae which are variable according to itskind, number of cells, shape, dimensions, characteristicsof surrounding cells, wall thickness and the position. Results showed that all species included glandular and eglandulartrichomes exceptCosmos bipinnatus, Ecliptaprostrate, andEupatoriumcannabinum that lacked in glandular trichomes and were based on their specific details.Trichomes were divided into different groups. The glandular ones involved sessile glandular or group multicellular and the head wasmace-shaped or round

       Inhibitory effect  of  Lactobacillus plantarum was studied against Escherichia coli O157:H7 in  minced  beef , as well as the effect of some Spices ( Garlic , Cloves and Black Pepper ) was studied against this bacteria . Plate count method was used to estimate the viable cells of  E. coli O157:H7 in the treated meat samples for incubation periods( 0 , 24  and 48) h.   Results showed  that  Lactobacillus plantarum had inhibitory effect  against  E. coli O157:H7 , when reducing the number of cells after 24, 48 h., and reached to Zero after (24) h. As well as Spices in this study had inhibitory activity against  E. coli O157:H7 .Garlic had

Growth of Penicillium expansum, an ubiquitous mould found in stored fruit globallyt, was significantly restricted by exposure to 48 h cell-free supernatant of two strains of Lactobacillus plantarum (p < 0.001). In addition, the biotransformation of patulin, a toxic secondary metabolite formed by P. expansum, on exposure to L. plantarum cells and cell-free supernatant highlights the potential of this GRAS microbe as a biocontrol agent. Up to 80% of patulin was biotransformed following a 4 h incubation with 1010 cells ml−1 (37 °C) forming E- and Z-ascladiol. The formation of these products was more pronounced at elevated pH and cell density. Exposure to cell free supernatant or sonicated cells resulted in complete patulin biotransformation

This study aims at detecting the differences in genotyping of coding region fusA gene in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii from Baghdad, Iraq. Collected two hundred clinical samples (50 samples from urine, 50 samples from wound, 50 samples from sputum and 50 samples from otitis infections). Laboratory diagnosis for bacterial isolates carried out by some biochemical tests and confirmed by using VITEK- 2 compact system. The results appeared that twenty isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii in all these samples. Genotyping study was performed of coding region fusA gene of the extracted genome of all bacterial isolates and used specific primers in achieved amplification process of this target gene. DNA sequencing of this gene and alig

A qualitative chemical test was performed on functional groups extracted from fenugreek plant and its extracts (aqueous, alcoholic and volatile oil). Results revealed that fenugreek seeds contain the main functional groups, while extracts are varied accorodihg to their content of functional groups qualitatively and quantitively. Moreover, inhibition activity was tested for extracts of fenugreek seeds (aqueous, alcoholic and volatile oil). against gram negative (Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) by the ager well diffusion method. Data have revealed that inhibition activity was different in accoradance with extract solvent and the tested microorgan. Oil extract (15)%

Background: Fruits and their by-products are the primary sources of bioactive chemicals in plants. Because of its phytochemical richness, Annona squamosa fruits have gained the alertness of people willing in health-promoting diets. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the cytocompatibility effect of ethanolic crude extract of Annona squamosa pulp against a human normal cell line as a mouthwash for children. Material and method: The ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa pulp was extracted using the ultrasonic method and then lyophilized to make it powder. The MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) test was performed to investigate the cytotoxic activity of the pulp extract on a human normal cell l

Purpose:  To evaluate the effect of intravitreal Aflibercept injection on wet AMD both functionally and anatomically after loading doses. The secondary aim is to evaluate the effect of risk factors including (gender, age, smoking, hypertension, and diabetes meatus) on the patient’s response. Study Design:  Interventional case series. Place and Duration of Study:  Al-Haitham Eyes Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, from November 2021 and September 2022. Methods:  Fifty eyes of 47 patients with treatment naïve wet AMD were selected through convenient sampling. Data were collected for age, gender, smoking, and chronic disease. Clinical examination, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography angiography

     The environment in Mosul city is very rich, containing a wide variety of microorganisms which have not been recognised for a long time. Five new fungal genes were identified and registered for the first time in the gene bank. These included Fusarium falciforme 2020-06-MIK-F1 genes for 5.8S rRNA with Accession no. LC555741, Nectriaceae sp. 2020-06-MIK-F2 genes for ITS1 with Accession no. LC555742, Trichoderma asperellum MIK3 genes for 5.8S rRNA with Accession no. LC575020, Penecillum sp. MIK4 genes for 5.8S rRNA with Accession no. LC575021, and Neurospora crassa MIK5 genes for 5.8S rRNA with Accession no. LC575022.   These fungal genes were isolated from wastewater of Khosr river in Mosul city/ Iraq, whi

The isolates were screened according to their capability for pectinase production, screening process identified the best pectinolytic isolate and it was characterized by cultural and biochemical, as Pesudomonas sp. Pectinolytic enzyme producing bacterium Pesudomonas sp. was isolated from the Iraqi soil on nutrient agar plate. Optimiztion of process parameters were carried out by altering some of environmental conditions of chemo-physical environment for the production medium. The highest pectinase production was observed at 48 hrs of incubation at 35 °C with the initial pH of 6.0. Different nutrients and environmental conditions were investigated in terms of their effect on the production of extracellular pectinase using citrus pectin a