Reduction has been linked visually in art since man began making functional and aesthetic forms, and this beginning can be identified with cave paintings. Reduction is one of the clearest indications of intellectual presence in aesthetic experience. Modernism was greatly supported by the great transformations that the intellectual movement witnessed in the world in general and in Europe in particular. There, and their transfer of European artistic experiences, and the reflection of this influence in their aesthetic sculptures, and for this reason the researchers find that the study of the aesthetic references of the reductive forms in the Iraqi sculptural experience represents a great importance in the study of the history of contemporary sculpture, to consider the concept of reduction and its performance applications, so the research includes four chapters The first chapter included the methodological framework for the research, and in it we reviewed the research problem, as we explained in it the plastic art’s dealings in general with the concept of reduction, and then the applications of reduction in the art of European and Iraqi sculpture, starting from this question: What are the references for selection in contemporary Iraqi sculpture? Then we presented the importance of the research and its aim in identifying the working mechanisms of the concept of shorthand and its references in contemporary Iraqi sculpture, and the limits of research between (2003-2023), and we showed a number of definitions of shorthand linguistically, idiomatically and procedurally.Then, in the second chapter marked by the theoretical framework of the research: we presented three topics, the first of which was devoted to the concept of shorthand and its performance applications in the arts of ancient civilizations. The second topic was devoted to the study of reductionism in the arts of European modernity, and in the third topic, we dealt with reductionism in contemporary Iraqi sculpture, and then presented the theoretical framework indicators.In the third chapter tagged: the procedural framework of the research: we presented the research community, which included all the Iraqi artists who worked in the shorthand format in their sculptural works within the limits of the research, and we set a number of conditions for choosing the research sample, and it was chosen in an intentional way, and it included four samples, and we also used the observation tool to collect The research sample information, and the analysis was done according to the descriptive analytical method.The researchers reached a number of results, including: that the act of reduction is a dominant and distinctive feature in the outputs of contemporary Iraqi sculpture, which depends on simplification, pruning and deletion, and also achieved by symbolic abbreviations in the artwork and the concentration and intensification of the significance, as it appeared that the contemporary Iraqi sculptor was influenced by the European artistic schools and trends that dominated On the global artistic act in the twentieth century, and what followed within the precursors of preoccupation with the arts of modernity and beyond, in addition to being affected by the cultural depth of the civilization of the Mesopotamia Valley, just as reductionism achieved for the sculptor proof of his self and personal style, then we presented recommendations and proposals. Then we included proven sources, references and appendices.
The antimicrobial potency of the crude ethanolic extracts from different Iraqi plants were evaluated . Further more, total sesquiterpene lactones and phenolic compounds were isolated and their antimicrobial activity attempted. The results indicated that crude extracts have no activity except that of Callistemon lanceolatus. Also, the sesquiterpene lactones and phenolic compounds isolated from Callistemon lanceolatus were the most significant antimicrobial active constituents of the studied plants.
BACKGROUND: Mental health problems are reflected and linked to human behavior in many aspects. Medical students are susceptible to a wide variety of events that compromise their mental well-being, social life as well as their academic achievements. AIM: This study aimed to find the impact of social support on medical students’ behavior in Iraq via assessing their depression, anxiety, and stress status. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey-based study targeted all medical students in Iraq. The employed questionnaires covered mental health status of participants by evaluating their perceptions of depression, anxiety, and stress using. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System. RESULTS: The study revealed a signifi
... Show MoreSpices are natural substances taken from special plants and have a different taste when added to food and some of them have great benefits for health and body. These plants vary from country to country depending on the type of soil and how they are grown and this affects their quality. In this study, the specific activity of 40K, 238U and 232Th series and 137Cs in some selected natural food spices commonly used in Iraq kitchen were determined using gamma spectrometry and the ingested doses via food consumption were also assessed. The average specific activity of 40K, 238<
The genetic diversity was studied in sixteen barley Hordeum vulgar L. species cultivated in Iraq , which are differ in their ability to drought stress tolerance by using random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD - PCR ) .Barley species was evaluated to drought stress after treatment the plant seedling at germination stages to different concentration of polyethylene glycol (PEDG6000) . The results showed that the Broaq and Arefat species have the highest tolerance to drought stress in contrast the rest of Barly species like Alkhair, Alwarkaa, Ebaa99, Shoaa, Alrafidain,Sameer Rehana 3 , forat9 , jazeral ,and ebaa7 revealed sensitivity to drought stress . The primes which used RAPD technique
... Show MoreThe paper aims at making the Russian reader acquainted with the Iraqi Poet Badr Shakir as-Sayyab, and showing the effect of the village and the city in his soul, the theme which is reflected in his poetry. Therefore, the researcher has translated the verses pertaining to this topic from Arabic into Russian so as to make the Russian reader know the important phases that talk about the village and city. The researcher has concluded that the theme of place, village and city has occupied a good portion of As-Sayyab's poetry, and that he (the poet) hated the city and expressed his wrath against it, because he viewed the city as embodiment of money and the degeneration of man. As opposed to this, As-Sayyab he loved being a farmer, and was
... Show MoreThe current research aims to diagnose the nature of the relation between dynamic capabilities as an independent variable and competitive advantage as a respondent variable, and identify the role of each of them in achieving the required performance of the organizations and adapt to the rapid environmental changes. The research was applied to the Iraqi Cement State Company one of the formations of the Iraqi Ministry of Industry and Minerals, and based on the importance of the subject matter of the research and the importance of the research sample and company of inquiry, The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method in completing his research. The sample of the research was Intention
... Show MoreThe Kurds' positions were characterized by insistence on their rights during the monarchy and choosing various solutions to obtain independence. After the revolution of July 14, 1958, the Kurds welcomed it, and the leaders of the Kurdistan Democratic Party sent a telegram to the Free Officers Organization congratulating them on the new era in order to build sound and correct relations between the two parties. However, the military conflict was renewed between the Iraqi government and the Kurds and continued even after the coup of February 8, 1963, and all the subsequent negotiating and peaceful attempts to resolve the Kurdish problem until 1966. It was a state of double contradiction for both parties that thwarted the peaceful attempts. The
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