The paper exposes a discourse taxonomy of language clichéd units in English and Russian, and presents some definitions of what is a cliché as being a semioticform of perceiving language and discourse. Also, it deals with language clichés as being units of structure reflecting a scheme of stereotypical situations of dialogue, whether among individuals of one culture, or in relation to cross-cultural communication. The paper proposes a taxonomy of units in language clichés in English and Russian by tackling clichés of daily use, such as professional, cultural, artistic, and scientific clichés.

Аннотация

The research of three-based financial indicators to create value for shareholders, have been identified research problem in a number of the questions revolved around the extent to which it can express its based performance metrics to create value for the essence and the reality of the surveyed enterprises performance, Can the departments surveyed companies to choose the scale or the most harmonizing index and an expression of the actual performance of the company, has the goal of research is to diagnose the strengths and weaknesses in the performance of the surveyed enterprises through the use of a number of based on the concept of creating economic value and the search for the most suitable indicator to the reality of the perfor

The textile industries play a prominent role in reviving the national economy, but they are currently suffering from several problems, including the high costs of their activities, the low quality of their production processes, and accordingly, the hexagonal diffraction approach came to help analyze production activities to determine which of them are the most expensive and do not have a benefit or cost greater than Its benefit as a result of waste and losses that accompany its implementation. And by applying to the Iraqi mechanical carpet factory, the research reached several conclusions, the most important of which is the presence of several sources of waste and loss, such as activities and operations that do not add value, whi

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Nutlets of 22 taxa of Stachys (13 species and seven subspecies and two varieties), representing seven of the currently recognized sections distributed in northern Iraq were examined by light microscope. The basic shape of nutlets in most taxa studied is Obovoid, but Oblong also found in S.megalodanta Hausskn.& Bornm. ex P.H.Davis, S.setirefa C.A.Mey. subsp daenensis (Gandog.) Rech.f.and S. kurdica Boiss.& Hohen. var.kurdica, while the Subgloboid shape found in S. iberica M.Bieb. and S. inflata Benth., more over the Broad triangular shape was found in S. nephrophylla Rech.f. and S.lanigera (Bornm.) Rech.f.., the biggest size of nutlets was found in S.inflata L. and the smallest was in S.melampyroides Hand.-Mzt. Regarding sculpturing pa

This paper presents the intricate issues and strategies related to the translation of children's books, and it particularly focuses on the comparative analysis of "The Tale of Peter Rabbit" by Beatrix Potter and "Le Petit Prince" (The Little Prince) by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. The study finds that the typical problems in translation are, idiomatic expressions, cultural reference, and the voice preservation, along side-sheet-specific challenges which each of the text faces. The translator of Potter's work should have skills of transposing all culturally oriented peculiarities of the UK land to the international audience to keep it accessible. On the contrary, "Le Petit Prince" translation will be the process of capturing the abstra

The textbook is the primary means of creativity and thinking, which has a major role in the development of the readership and mental abilities of the student. It is the basic tool in education in Iraq for the teacher and the student, which cannot be dispensed in any educational program. The current study aimed at the book of the biology of the sixth grade of science in Iraq (comparative study). It was compared to the book of biology for the twelve grade in the Kingdom of Jordan to identify the ratio of similarity and differences between them, in addition, to identify the weaknesses in the Iraq curriculum and developing appropriate solutions and suggestions to address them. The sample was represented with books of biology (six-science cla

     إن التطور المستمر في مجال نظم المعلومات والإتصالات أدى الى ظهـور العديد مـن العقود الحديثة الخاصة بتجهيز خدمات الإنترنت وكيفية الإستفـادة منـها والتـي يعتبر عقد الإعلان الإلكتروني نوعاً منها , إذ يُعد الإنترنت من أبرز وسائل الإعـلان عـن المنتجـات والخدمات في الوقت الحاضر , بوصفه يقدم لناشري الإعلانات وسطاً إعلانياً إلكترونياً يفوق بكثير ما يقدمه الإعلان التقليدي , وهذا ما دفع الكثير من المعلنين ال

يمكن من دراسة الشخصية ان تكون المدخل الاساس في فهم السلوك الانساني إذ ينظر الى الشخصية الانسانية كونها تنظيماً ديناميكياً مكوناً من عدد من العناصر المتفاعلة مع بعضها البعض ، وهي عناصر غير ملموسة بل مظاهر وتفسيرات تلحق بالسلوك الانساني ، ويعتقد بعض علماء النفس ان افضل طريقة لفهم شخصية الفرد هي دراسة السمات والانماط الموجودة فيه وملاحظه مواقفه من ناحية الازمات والمشكلات التي تعتري الحياة الانسانية ، وبناءاً

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare and evaluate Earnings Management in Tunisia and Iraq.   Theoretical framework: Earnings Management is an important topic that has been studied by a significant number of researchers, as well as those who are interested in the accounting profession. Earnings Management has gotten a lot of attention from academics, professionals, and other interested parties in recent years (e.g. Kliestik et al., 2020; Rahman et al., 2021; Gamra &Ellouze, 2021)   Design/methodology/approach: The sample includes ten banks listed on the Bourse of Tunisia and Iraq Stock Exchanges for the year 2017. We have used a model of Kothari et al., (2005) as a tool to measure Earnings Management in both mark