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Design Comparison between the Gravity and Pressure Sand Filters for Water Treatment, Review
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Hygienic engineering has dedicated a lot of time and energy to studying water filtration because of how important it is to human health. Thorough familiarity with the filtration process is essential for the design engineer to keep up with and profit from advances in filtering technology and equipment as the properties of raw water continue to change. Because it removes sediment, chemicals, odors, and microbes, filtration is an integral part of the water purification process. The most popular technique for treating surface water for municipal water supply is considered fast sand filtration, which can be achieved using either gravity or pressure sand filters. Predicting the performance of units in water treatment plants is a basic principle. For that reason, this research was executed to compare gravity and pressure sand filters in terms of construction, use, efficiency, filtration rate, cost, benefit, and drawbacks to predict the performance of those units under different conditions and from an economic standpoint. It also served as a presentation and review of previous studies dealing with the evaluation and development of pressure and gravity filters. This paper gives a brief overview of filtration theory, the types and properties of filter media, filter backwashing, and operational problems that can be avoided in the filtration process.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Belief in the Last Day and its impact on building a Muslim's personality
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Research Summary

        The doctrine of belief in the Last Day is one of the pillars of faith, and the doctrine of resurrection and reckoning are part of this day.

 Belief in the Last Day puts a person in constant control over himself, as this control creates in this person happiness and a decent life, and he renounces the world and turns away from all vices and adorns all virtues.

        On the other hand, we find that the person who does not believe in this day does not stand before his eyes anything that prevents him from doing injustices and corruption in the land. The doctrine of belief in the Last Day alone is

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Synthesis and study the optical properties of Ge20 Bix Se80-x thin films
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Publication Date
Tue May 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Determination the dispersion parameters and urbach tail of iron chromate doped PMMA films
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Films of pure Poly (methyl methacrylate) PMMA and Iron chromate doped PMMA have been prepared using casting method. Transmission and absorptance spectra have been recorded in the wavelength range (300-900) nm, in order to calculate, single oscillator energy, dispersion energy proposed by Wemple - DiDomenico model, average oscillator strength, average oscillator wavelength. The refractive index data at infinite wavelength which was found to obey single oscillator model which was found to increase from 2.27-2.56 as the doping percentage increase. The decreasing in the optical energy gap which was found according to Tauc model were (3.74-3.63) eV , is in good agreement with that obtained by wimple-DiDomenico model. The inverse behavior comp

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 10 2007
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Laser
The Effect of He:Ne Laser on Viability and Growth Rate of Leishmania Major
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An isolate of Leishmania major was grown on the semisolid medium and incubated at 26ºC. The isolate was irradiated by He: Ne laser (632.8 nm, 10 mW) at exposure times (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30) minutes in their respective order. The unirradiated groups represent control group. Growth rate and percentage of viability were examined during six days after irradiation. The change in these two parameters reflects the effect of irradiation on the parasite. The results refers that the general growth effected by irradiation in comparison with un irradiation group, The growth rate of parasite decrease with increasing the exposure time in comparison with control group. Parasite viability decrease with irradiation and the percentage of living cell dec

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 03 2012
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Evaluation the Levels of Serum Hormones (Progesterone, Estradiol, and hCG) in Preeclamptic IraqiPregnancies
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This study aimed to evaluate serum levels of steroid hormones and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone in preeclamptic Iraqi pregnancies compared to those of healthy pregnancies.This study enrolled 120 pregnant women, divided into four groups:1. 30 healthy pregnant women.2. 37 pregnant women with mild preeclampsia3. 53 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia4. 90 pregnant women with preeclampsia Preeclamptic women and their severe cases but not mild cases had significantly (P<0.01) increased levels of serum hCG as compared with healthy pregnancies. By contrast, sera levels of estradiol were significantly (P<0.01) decreased in total preeclamptic groups and their severe cases but not in mild group as compared to healthy pregnant wome

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 01 2018
Journal Name
Academy Of Accounting And Financial Studies Journal
Factors influence the growth and penetration of microfinance institutions: A case of Egypt
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Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) offers small loans with easy repayment system and till now these institutions have served millions of needy people around the globe. This study highlights the hurdles influence the smooth working and growth of Microfinance institution in Egypt. The structured interviews were conducted from the top and mid-level managers of MFI's. This study revealed that interest rate, political and economic conditions, corruption, customer outreach, competition and technology are the important elements for MFI's success. It is evident that lack of use of technology and less importance drawn on customer outreach programs are the main challenges of MFI's in Egypt. This study provides a roadmap for practitioners and strategic

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
State-of-the-Art in Data Integrity and Privacy-Preserving in Cloud Computing
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Cloud computing (CC) is a fast-growing technology that offers computers, networking, and storage services that can be accessed and used over the internet. Cloud services save users money because they are pay-per-use, and they save time because they are on-demand and elastic, a unique aspect of cloud computing. However, several security issues must be addressed before users store data in the cloud. Because the user will have no direct control over the data that has been outsourced to the cloud, particularly personal and sensitive data (health, finance, military, etc.), and will not know where the data is stored, the user must ensure that the cloud stores and maintains the outsourced data appropriately. The study's primary goals are to mak

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2016
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Graphical significance To (if) and (if) the two cops in Surat al-Maidah
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Many writers and scientists hardly differentiate between the two instruments of use
(If) and (if) to convergence in the meaning, as they perform the meaning of the penalty and condition, as the answer relates to his condition, but when linguistic meditation we find a great difference in use in terms of meaning, so this research came to reveal these meanings and was extrapolated applied in Surat al-Maidah By counting the verses in which (if) and (if) the cops were given and looking at their contexts, the connotation of the cops in most places was within the context of probability, which is the origin of its use, given in twenty places of Surat al-Ma'idah, and it had multiple connotations according to the contexts of the verses received

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 31 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Geological Journal
The Effect of Nickel, Vanadium, Asphaltene, NSO and Sulfur on Crude Oil Quality
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The Mishrif reservoir (Cenomanian - Turonian) in the Z, H, B and N oilfields in southern Iraq was investigated to clarify how nickel, vanadium, asphaltene, NSO and sulfur content affect the crude oil quality. The GC-Mass and ICP-MS analyses were used to provide fruitful hydrocarbon results. Classification of crude oil based on API gravity broadly indicates the oil's density and general properties. Typically, lighter crude oils are easier to refine, yield higher percentages of valuable products such as gasoline and diesel, and have a higher market value. Heavier crude oils require more processing and may yield more residual products, such as heavy fuel oil and asphalt. The Mishrif crude oil was classified as a medium sour crude oil c

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 28 2012
Journal Name
Arabian Journal Of Geosciences
Hydrochemistry and pollution probability of selected sites along the Euphrates River, Western Iraq
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