The performance of a synergistic combination of electrocoagulation (EC) and electro-oxidation (EO) for oilfield wastewater treatment has been studied. The effect of operative variables such as current density, pH, and electrolyte concentration on the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was studied and optimized based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The results showed that the current density had the highest impact on the COD removal with a contribution of 64.07% while pH, NaCl addition and other interactions affects account for only 34.67%. The optimized operating parameters were a current density of 26.77 mA/cm2 and a pH of 7.6 with no addition of NaCl which results in a COD removal efficiency of 93.43% and a specific energy consumption of 128.6 kWh/kg COD. The most new findings of this research was that currents provided for the two anodes (Al and Graphite having the same surface area) were not equal between them and the current ratio (IAl/IGr) depends on the intensity of current, pH, and addition of NaCl. Besides, higher removal of COD occurs at a lower value of (IAl/IGr). The COD removal reaction was found to be pursued a second-order kinetic with a reaction rate constant (k) of 7.5847 × 10−5 (mg/L)−1/min.
The Yamama Formation was studied in three wells (Fh-1, Fh-2, and Fh-3) within Faihaa oil field, south Iraq. Thin sections were studied by using the polarizing microscope examination in order to determine microfossils and biozone. Thirty-five species of benthic foraminifera were recognized, including four index species. In addition, twelve species of calcareous green algae were recognized, including two index species. Other fossils that were recognized in Yamama Formation include Gastropoda, Bryozoa, Coral, Rudist, and Pelecypoda.
Six biozones were observed, which are Charentia cuvillieri sp. (Range Zone of Berriasian age), Psudochryalidina infracretacea
... Show MoreThe purpose of this paper is to model and forecast the white oil during the period (2012-2019) using volatility GARCH-class. After showing that squared returns of white oil have a significant long memory in the volatility, the return series based on fractional GARCH models are estimated and forecasted for the mean and volatility by quasi maximum likelihood QML as a traditional method. While the competition includes machine learning approaches using Support Vector Regression (SVR). Results showed that the best appropriate model among many other models to forecast the volatility, depending on the lowest value of Akaike information criterion and Schwartz information criterion, also the parameters must be significant. In addition, the residuals
... Show MoreThe objective of the present study is to determine the effect of Kaolin as a fuel oil additive to minimize the fireside corrosion of superheater boiler tubes of ASTM designation (A213-T22) by increasing the melting point of the formed slag on the outside tubes surface, through the formation of new compounds with protective properties to the metal surface. The study included measuring corrosion rates at different temperatures with and without additive use with various periods of time, through crucible test method and weight loss technique.
A mathematical model represents the relation between corrosion rate and the studied variables, is obtained using statistical regression analysis. Using this model,
... Show MorePetrel is regards one of the most important software to delineate subsurface Petrophysical properties to the reservoir. In this study, 3D Integrated geological models has been built by using Petrel software. The process includes integrated Petrophysical properties and environmental approaches.
Noor oil field within Mishrif Formation in terms of structural geology represents asymmetrical anticlinal fold with direction NW-SE. Porosity and water saturation model have been built. The reservoir was divided into several reservoirs and Nonreservoir units depends on the Petrophysical properties for each zone. In addition,
intact model for the reservoir in terms of porosity and water saturation have been b
The importance of the research comes from dealing with the problem of lack of traffic awareness, which causes accidents and the occurrence of human and material losses, and the research aims to study the role of satellite channels in forming traffic awareness among the public, and a sample was chosen from Baghdad consisting of (280) individuals, male and female, and used the questionnaire tool. To obtain the data, which included several questions, the results were analyzed statistically and several results were reached, the most important of which is that there is an interest among the public in following traffic programs at a rate of one to two hours to receive information through traffic programs and to identify and apply gener
... Show MoreYamama Formation (Valanginian-Early Hauterivian) is one of the most important oil production reservoirs in southern Mesopotamian Zone. The Yamama Formation in south Iraq comprises outer shelf argillaceous limestones and oolitic, pelloidal, pelletal and pseudo-oolitic shoal limestones. The best oil prospects are within the oolite shoals. Yamama Formation is divided into seven zones: Upper Yamama, Reservoir Units YR-A & YR-B separated by YB-1, and YR-B Lower & two Tight zones: low (porosity, permeability and oil saturation) with variable amounts of bitumen. These reservoir units are thought to be at least partially isolated from each other.
Abstract:
Organizations need today to move towards strategic innovation, which means the analysis of positions, especially the challenges faced by the change in the external environment, which makes it imperative for the organization that you reconsider their strategies and orientations and operations, a so-called re-engineering to meet those challenges and pressures. Now this research dilemma intellectual two-dimensional, yet my account in not Take writings and researchers effect strategic innovation in re-engineering business processes, according to science and to inform the researcher, and after the application represented in the non-application of such resear
... Show MoreAbstract :
This present paper sheds the light on dimensions of scheduling the service that includes( the easiness of performing the service, willingness , health factors, psychological sides, family matters ,diminishing the time of waiting that improve performance of nursing process including ( the willingness of performance, the ability to perform the performance , opportunity of performance) . There is genuine problem in the Iraqi hospitals lying into the weakness of nursing staffs , no central decision to define and organize schedules. Thus the researcher has chosen this problem as to be his title . The research come a to develop the nursing service
... Show MoreThe radio drama is considered to be one of the arts that is discovered after a long period of theater's discovery. Initially , it was the broad framework of the theater's work when radio was broadcasting the shows on the huge theaters. This beginning encouraged many of the radio specialists to correlate plays with radio and make a novice and distinctive type of art. Thus, radio drama made its first step including the following ( plays, short and long series drama as well as other types of radio arts). Because of the above mentioned , the researcher is stimulating to study directing techniques to process the radio drama script ( Khata'a play as a sample).
The first chapter deals with the
... Show MoreToday, the success or failure of organizations depends to possess the wisdom of their managers promised that the key to organizational success of the business environment, making the right decisions, and create the ability to work and think towards discrimination of products and services the organization . Seek this research to investigation the relationship between the wisdom management and differentiation strategy for service operations . It was a test of that relationship in light of the results of the analysis of the data collected through the questionnaire distributed on a sample from (98) Director Mangers, head of department and head of division in the General Establishment of Civil Aviation . The research used descriptive st
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