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The Combined Effect of Two Natural Extracts on Enamel Remineralization (in vitro Study)
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Objective: Dental caries is a chronic infectious disease that is prevalent worldwide in all age groups. Numerous attempts have been made to develop conservative approaches to halt caries progression and restore enamel defects. This study aimed to investigate the effect of applying grape seed extract and chicken eggshell extract on the microhardness of demineralized enamel in permanent teeth. Methods: Forty-eight sound upper first premolars were used. Following demineralization with the demineralizing solution for 96 hours, they were distributed into four groups consistent with the treatment agent used: group A was treated with casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate (as a control group), group B was treated with grape seed extract, group C was treated with chicken eggshell extract solution, and group D was treated with grape seed extract followed by chicken eggshell extract solution. Vickers microhardness measurements were performed on sound enamel, after demineralization and remineralization. Results: Paired T-test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s HSD test were used for statistical analysis. Enamel microhardness was significantly reduced following demineralization (p=0.000) and significantly increased after remineralization, with group D showing the highest values (mean microhardness=218.99). Conclusion: Grape seed extract and chicken eggshell extract solutions have a synergistic effect on enamel remineralization which was interpreted from the increase in surface microhardness values.

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 18 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Effect of Plasma Treatment on Shear Bond Strength of High Impact Acrylic Resin Denture Base Lined with Two Types of Soft Lining Materials after Immersion in Distilled Water and Denture Cleanser
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Background: In dentistry, dentist takes the advantages of soft lining materials due to the viscoelastic properties. The major problem is the adhesion of the soft liner with the denture base material. Materials and Methods: Heat cured of high impact acrylic resin specimens prepared with dimensions 75x13x13mm for shear bond strength test, soft lining material (Refit and Mollosil) with a 3-mm thickness and used to join each two acrylic blocks. Also four specimens with the same previous dimensions utilized for chemical and physical surface analysis. The specimens grouped as control (without plasma) and experiment (with oxygen plasma) treated high impact acrylic specimens. Results: Plasma treatment increased the shear bond strength for both Refi

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
ORGANIZATIONAL VALUES AND ITS IMPACT ON STRATEGIC PERFORMANCE A field study a comparison between Two Universities of Baghdad & Al-Nahrain
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ABSTRACT

     The researcher seeks to shed light on the relationship analysis and the impact between organizational values in all its dimensions (Administration Management, Mission, relationship management, environmental management) and strategic performance (financial perspective, customer perspective, the perspective of internal processes, learning and development) in the presidency of Two Universities of Baghdad & Al-Nahrain, it has been formulating three hypotheses for this purpose.

      The main research problem has been the following question: Is there a relationship and the impact of bet

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Publication Date
Wed May 01 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Physics: Conference Series
Study of The Effect of Concentration on The Efficiency of The Sensitive N749-TiO<sub>2</sub> Solar Cell
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Abstract<p>In this research, we studied the effect of concentration carriers on the efficiency of the N749-TiO<sub>2</sub> heterogeneous solar cell based on quantum electron transfer theory using a donor-acceptor scenario. The photoelectric properties of the N749-TiO<sub>2</sub> interfaces in dye sensitized solar cells DSSCs are calculated using the J-V curves. For the (CH3)3COH solvent, the N749-TiO<sub>2</sub> heterogeneous solar cell shows that the concentration carrier together with the strength coupling are the main factors affecting the current density, fill factor and efficiency. The current density and current increase as the concentration increases and the </p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
Isolation and identification of Bacillus stearothermophilus and study the inhibition effect of squeezed grape waste extract on it.: Isolation and identification of Bacillus stearothermophilus and study the inhibition effect of squeezed grape waste extract on it.
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The aim of this study was to know the inhibition activity of squeezed grape waste extract on Bacillus stearpthermophilus by using three different tempretures degree 40, 60 and 80c, in order to reduce the time exposure of food for preservation. This study include two branchs: First: isolation and identification of Bacillus stearothermophilus from soil, 5 sample were collected from the soil of the college agriculture/Baghdad university. Samples were cultured on nutrient agar, microscopic and culturing tests were conducted and many biochemical tests were done. The isolates were cultivated at 55 c and 65 c for differentiate it from Bacillus coagulans which is can't grow at 65 co. The c

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2020
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmacy And Technology
Evaluation of in vivo and in vitro protective effects of quercetin on lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and cytotoxicology
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Quercetin, one of the flavonoids family member, can be found in many vegetables, fruits, and beverages with a noticeable nutritional pharmacological properties. This study was aimed to evaluate the ability of quercetin to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that induced lethal toxicity in vivo, and to elucidate the importance of the quercetin as an antitumor agent in breast cancer cell line MCF-7.In vivo experiments included the effect of hesperidin and LPS on the liver and spleen of male mice. In the liver, the antioxidant activity was measured by estimating the concentration of glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT), while in the spleen, the concentration of cytokines was measured including IL-33 and TNF-α. In vitro experiments included MTT

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Energy And Environment
Study the heat treatment effect on the TiO2 nano-particles prepared by sol-gel process
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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study the Effect of Multilayer Single Point Incremental Forming on Residual Stresses for Bottom Plates
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Abstract

 

Knowing the amount of residual stresses and find technological solutions to minimize and control them during the production operation are an important task because great levels of deformation which occurs in single point incremental forming (SPIF), this induce highly non-uniform residual stresses. In this papera propose of a method for multilayer single point incremental forming with change in thickness of the top plate (0.5, 0.7, 0.9) mm and lubrication or material between two plates(polymer, grease, grease with graphite, mos2) to knowing an effect of this method  and parameters on residual stresses for the bottom plates. Also compare these results for the

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 11 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Biotechnology
Study the Effect of Bacteriophage on Biofilm Producer Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing Wounds and Burn Infections
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Publication Date
Sun Feb 10 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
A study of the effect of acid immersion on some physical properties of ( Epoxy – MgO) composites
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In this study a polymeric composite material was prepared by hand
lay-up technique from epoxy resin as a matrix and magnesium oxide
(MgO) as a reinforcement with different weight fraction (5,10,15,
and 20)% to resin. Then the prepared samples were immersed under
normal condition in H2So4(1 M) solution, for periods ranging up to
10 weeks. The result revealed that the diffusion coefficient
decreasing as the concentration of MgO increase. Also we studied
Hardness for the prepared samples before and after immersion. The
result revealed that the hardness values increase as the concentration
of MgO increase, while the hardness for the samples after immersion
in H2SO4 dec

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Publication Date
Sat Nov 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Effects of Phenolic Plant Extracts on Biofilm Formation by Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections
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Ten isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, seven isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and nine isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, were obtained from 100 urine samples collected from Baghdad hospitals. All isolates were identified biochemically and confirmed by using VITEK 2 and were then tested for their susceptibility towards 6 antibiotics and for phenolic extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Cinnamomum cassia. All bacteria were greatly affected by T. vulgaris, especially K. pneumoniae. Viable count was performed, it was noted that the number of bacterial cells reduced from 1×108 CFU to 1.2× 103, 2×105 and 1.8×106CFU of K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus respectively. While C. cassiahad a slight effect on them. K. pneumoniae isola

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