The Hubble telescope is characterized by the accuracy of the image formed in it, as a result of the fact that the surrounding environment is free of optical pollutants. Such as atmospheric gases and dust, in addition to light pollution emanating from industrial and natural light sources on the earth's surface. The Hubble telescope has a relatively large objective lens that provides appropriate light to enter the telescope to get a good image. Because of the nature of astronomical observation, which requires sufficient light intensity emanating from celestial objects (galaxies, stars, planets, etc.). The Hubble telescope is classified as type of the Cassegrain reflecting telescopes, which gives it the advantage of eliminating chromatic aberration. Zemax optical design program was used to simulate the design of the Hubble telescope with nanosensors eyepiece, and to evaluate its performance through a set of analysis tools in the program, by changing some of the optical parameters that affect the performance of the telescope. The results proved needing of the imaging optical system (telescope) to align the observed object to avoid off-axial aberration. When the angle of incidence of the rays is changed to an appropriate extent, the image is negatively affected as a result of the increase in the amounts of aberration in it. The simulation also showed the similarity of the optical parameters that are related to the engineering design to get the best picture, through the analysis tools used in the program. Keywords: Reflective telescope, Nano sensors, Hubble, optical efficiency, Zemax program.
The effect of ozone gas with temperatures 35. 40 and 45 Celsius to control on larval and adult stages of Tribolium castaneum was tested and at time of exposure 1.0, 3.0, 7.0, 9.0, 11.0, 13.0 hours and the level of relative humidity prevailing during the test 45 ± 1%. Results showed significant differences between the exposure times, when the percentage of mortality 100% between larvae (primary, intermediate and advanced) in the treatment effect at a temperature of 35 Celsius with ozone gas at exposure time to 9.0, 11.0, 11.0 hours for the three ages respectively, and adult (male and female) in the same treatment when the three heat degrees had given ratios the total mortality reached 100% of both males at exposure time to 7.0 ,3
... Show MoreMagneto-rheological (MR) Valve is one of the devices generally used to control the speed of Hydraulic actuator using MR fluid. The performance of valve depends on the magnetic circuit design. Present study deals with a new design of MR valve. The finite element analysis is carried out on this valve to optimize its design. The design of the magnetic circuit is accomplished by magnetic finite element software such as Finite Element Method Magnetic (FEMM). The Model dimensions of MR valve, material properties and the circuit properties of valve coil are taken into account. The results of analysis are presented in terms of magnetic strength and magnetic flux density. The valve can be operated with variable flow rate by varying the current. It i
... Show More|
One of the most powerful tools for any stellar dynamics is the N-body simulation. In an N-body simulation the motion of N particles is followed under their mutual gravitational attraction. In this paper the gravitational N-body simulation is described to investigate Newtonian and non- Newtonian (modified Newtonian dynamics) interaction between the stars of spiral galaxies. It is shown that standard Newtonian interaction requires dark matter to produce the flat rotational curves of the systems under consideration, while modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) theorem provides a flat rotational curve and gives a good agreement with the observed rotation cu |
Alloy of (HgTe) has been prepared succesful in evacuated qurtz ampoule at pressure 4×10-5torr, and melting temperature equal to 823K for five days. Thin films of HgTe of thickness 1μm were deposited on NaCl crystal by thermal evaporation technique at room temperature under vacuum about 4×10-5torr as well as investiagtion in the optical porperties included (absorption coefficient , energy gap) of HgTe films and The optical measurements showed that HgTe film has direct energy gap equal to 0.05 eV. The optical constants (n, k, εr, εi) have been measured over will range (6-28)μm.
A fully automatic electrothermal atomic emission spectrometry (ETA-AES) is described. This system is based on an echelle monochromator modified for wave¬length modulation which is completely controlled by microcomputer . The advantages of the system in atomic spectrometry have been discussed . Aspects of the analytical performances such as calibration ? dection limit, precision , and recovery for copper are considered . This system is applied for routine determination of copper in commercial powdered mill? by slurr>' atomization versus aqueous atomization techniques.
In this work, ZnO nanostructures for powder ZnO were synthesized by Hydrothermal Method. Size and shape of ZnO nanostructureas can be controlled by change ammonia concentration. In the preparation of ZnO nanostructure, zinc nitrate hexahydrate [Zn(NO3)2·6H2O] was used as a precursor. The structure and morphology of ZnO nanostructure have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized ZnO nanostructures have a hexagonal wurtzite structure. Also using Zeta potential and Particle Size Analyzers and size distribution of the ZnO powder
This study was conducted at the poultry farm located in the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, Abu Gharib (the old site), and laboratories of the Animal Production Department, Jadriya, to investigate the effect of adding hydrogen peroxide H2O2 at nanoscale levels to semen diluents of local roosters sperm in a number of semen characteristics. In this study, 80 roosters local Iraqi chickens were used, the roosters were trained three times a week, to collect semen, until the largest number of them responded. Then the best 40 of the roosters were elected for the purpose of collecting the semen with a pooled sample, and then the samples were diluted and divided equally into four parts. The concentrations of 0, 1
... Show More