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The Influence of x ratio and Annealing Temperatures on Structural and Optical Properties for (CuO)<sub>x</sub>(ZnO)<sub>1-x</sub> Composite Thin Films Prepared by PLD
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Abstract<p>Thin films of (CuO)<sub>x</sub>(ZnO)<sub>1-x</sub> composite were prepared by pulsed laser deposition technique and x ratio of 0≤ x ≤ 0.8 on clean corning glass substrate at room temperatures (RT) and annealed at 373 and 473K. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that all prepared films have polycrystalline nature and the phase change from ZnO hexagonal wurtzite to CuO monoclinic structure with increasing x ratio. The deposited films were optically characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy. The optical measurements showed that (CuO)<sub>x</sub>(ZnO)<sub>1-x</sub> films have direct energy gap. The energy band gaps of prepared thin films decreased as x ratio increased, while they increased with increasing annealing temperatures. Also the optical constants such as refractive index, extinction coefficient and dielectric constants have been calculated.</p>
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Publication Date
Sat Apr 26 2025
Journal Name
Ii. Internationaldubai Social Sciences Andhumanities Congress
PTSD AND THE IMPACT OF VIOLENCE ON INDIVIDUAL'S PSYCHE IN SELECTED WAR NOVELS
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Publication Date
Sun Sep 05 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of Time Factor, Molybdenum and Potassium on Rhizobium Growth in the Soil
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An experiment was carried out to study the effects of Time Factor, potassium and Molybdenum on Rhizobium growth. The objective of the experiment, which conducted under laboratory conditions, was to investigate the interaction effects of using three levels of Molybdenum (0, 0.25, 2.50 mg Mo . Kg-1 sterile soil) and four levels of potassium (0, 25, 50, 100 mg K . Kg-1 sterile soil) on the viable counts of Rhizobium growth in the sterile soil after 3, 9, 15 and 21 days of incubation at 28°C. The results indicated that Molybdenum level 2.50 mg Mo . Kg-1 sterile soil and potassium level 50 mg K . Kg-1 sterile soil recorded the biggest significant increase in the viable counts of Rhizobium growth in the sterile soil especially after 15 da

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
The Effect of Micro and Nano Material on Critical Heat Flux (CHF) Enhancement
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The Nano materials play a very important role in the heat transfer enhancement. An experimental investigation has been done to understand the behaviors of nano and micro materials on critical heat flux. Pool boiling experiments have used for several concentrations of nano and micro particles on a 0.4 mm diameter nickel chrome (Ni-Cr) wire heater which is heated electrically at atmospheric pressure. Zinc oxide(ZnO) and silica(SiO2) were used as a nano and micro fluids with concentrations (0.01,0.05,0.1,0.3,0.5,1 g/L), a marked enhancement in CHF have been shown in the results for nano and micro fluids for different concentrations compared to distilled water. The deposition of the nano particles on the heater surface was the rea

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Family violence and its impact on the educational achievement of primary school children
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The research included four chapters starting with the chapter dealing with the problem of child abuse which was one of the most important educational and social problems faced by children from their parents or family members. The most common forms of abuse are physical and psychological violence. The problem of school delays is also one of the most important educational and psychological issues that concern educators, which occur because of violence and neglect of the family. The study pointed out that domestic violence is one of the issues that has started to alarm both the global and local communities, because childhood is one of the most important stages of the human development system, which is healthy in terms of physical, mental, p

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Plant Archives
Evaluation of water stress effect on some chemical properties of several sunflower varieties callus treated with colocynth fruit extract
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The study was carried out in plant tissue culture laboratory, University of Baghdad during the period 2017-2019, as factorial experiment in complete randomized design, to study the effect of PEG at (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) on physiological and chemical changes in callus of three sunflower (Ishaqi 1, Aqmar and Al-haga) induced by the cultivation of the young stem in vitro under water stress. The content of callus cells of SOD, POD, CAT and APX enzymes as well as total dissolved carbohydrate were determined as indicators to determine the effect of PEG in callus tissue cells cultivated on medium equipped with the PEG concentrations. The results showed that cultivars were differs significantly, and A-haja variety was superior in increasing SOD to 12

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Scopus
Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
toxic and accumulation effects of cadmium and lead on microeystis
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The study included a statement toxicity of some heavy metals individually and collectively and the existence of plant nutrients in the center Agirenk bluish green moss growth and Askhaddm biomass as an indicator of the study, in addition to portability moss on the accumulation of the metal

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
An Analytical Study of the Impact of Military Spending on the Chinese Economy Growth for the Period (1990-2018)
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     The increase in military spending has become a feature of the times for many countries, including China. They have sought to increase their defence spending, not with the aim of domination and possession, but rather to protect their economic interests and to secure their foreign trade. The research aims to identify the impact of military spending by studying the nature of defence spending and its role in providing security. And stability and facilitating foreign investment in it, as well as storming the military industry, securing some humanitarian supplies, and participating in a variety of public works that can be used in the civil and military fields, and the aim of the research is to id

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Publication Date
Fri Sep 30 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The policy of Islamic legislation and its impact on the promotion of the values of justice and the fight against corruption: Legislation, Promotion, Values, Corruption, Justice, Collapse of Nation
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Since the advent of the sunrise of the immortal message, Islamic legislation has always established justice and the right guidance, and has prevented any perversion, injustice or corruption, with a divine system that called in its course the characteristics of the legislation on its general basis and its ability to develop, progressivity, and paving the way with a collective approach, accompanied by the worldly and moral punishment. When the corrupters went too far, reformers were delayed and values were missed; Mankind has been afflicted with the scourge of injustice and loss, and has lost sight of the approach that the Creator of the world has given to the people of the world, for what would guide them in their affairs sooner and later

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 03 2020
Journal Name
Modern Sport
Effect of using flat hierarchical method on some aspects of muscular strength and straight serve skill for nascent tennis players
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The researcher focused on the importance of the physical abilities of the tennis game, as this game is one of the games that are characterized by its specificity in performance as this game is characterized by continuous movement and dealing with different elements, so this game requires the development of muscle strength, which plays an important role in Performance skills in the game of tennis. There are several methods to develop strength, including flat hierarchical technique, which is one of the most common forms of training in the development of muscle strength.     As for the research problem, the researcher found a method that has an effect on the development of force. Therefore, the researcher tried to diversify a

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Crossref (1)
Crossref
Publication Date
Tue Nov 03 2020
Journal Name
Modern Sport
Effect of using flat hierarchical method on some aspects of muscular strength and straight serve skill for nascent tennis players
...Show More Authors

The researcher focused on the importance of the physical abilities of the tennis game, as this game is one of the games that are characterized by its specificity in performance as this game is characterized by continuous movement and dealing with different elements, so this game requires the development of muscle strength, which plays an important role in Performance skills in the game of tennis. There are several methods to develop strength, including flat hierarchical technique, which is one of the most common forms of training in the development of muscle strength.     As for the research problem, the researcher found a method that has an effect on the development of force. Therefore, the researcher tried to diversify a

... Show More
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Crossref (1)
Crossref