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Differences in perinatal outcomes in teenage mothers with their first and third pregnancies and predictors of adverse neonatal events: A cross-sectional study
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Background: Repeated teenage pregnancy is a major burden on the healthcare system worldwide. Objective: We aimed to compare teenagers with their first and third pregnancies and to evaluate the likelihood of neonatal complications. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on female teenagers (aged ≤ 19 yr) with singleton pregnancies. The subjects (n = 298) were screened over 12 months. Ninety-six women were excluded, based on the exclusion criteria. The remaining subjects (n = 202) were divided into two groups: teenagers with first pregnancy (n = 96) and teenagers with third pregnancy (n = 47). The subjects were observed throughout pregnancy and delivery. The final sample size of the first and third pregnancy groups was 96 and 47, respectively. Results: There was a significant risk of preeclampsia in the first pregnancy group (p = 0.01). Low birth weight, five-min Apgar score < 7, and neonatal intensive care unit admission were the most significant neonatal outcomes in the first pregnancy group. In the third pregnancy group, significant predictors of neonatal complications included very young age in the first pregnancy (≤ 15 yr), an inter-pregnancy interval < 2 yr, current anemia, and history of obstetric and/or neonatal complications in previous pregnancies. Conclusion: Based on the results, teenagers with their first pregnancy had comparable obstetric outcomes (except for preeclampsia) as teenagers with their third pregnancy, whereas neonatal complications occurred more frequently in the first pregnancy group. Overall, we can predict high-risk neonates in the third pregnancy, based on the abovementioned parameters. Key words: Teenage pregnancy, Complications, Neonate.

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Economic policies and their ability to reform the investment climate Case Study Iraq after 2003
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The investment climate is the main engine of economic development. If an appropriate and attractive investment climate is created that takes into account economic, administrative, political and environmental issues, it will contribute to the development of industry, transfer of technology, diversification of agricultural production, increased productivity, the promotion of a green economy and support for sustainable and inclusive growth. Thus, analyzing the investment climate of a country can provide reasons and roots for the complexity of the problems in the economy. In the Iraqi economy, the problem has not been rooted in the economy, but the roots of the problem are deeper and inherent in the management of the economy. Investm

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 28 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Computer, Communication, Control And System Engineering
A Comparative Study Between the Fragile and Robust Watermarking Techniques and Proposing New Fragile Watermarking with Embedded Value Technique
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Since the Internet has been more widely used and more people have access to multimedia content, copyright hacking, and piracy have risen. By the use of watermarking techniques, security, asset protection, and authentication have all been made possible. In this paper, a comparison between fragile and robust watermarking techniques has been presented to benefit them in recent studies to increase the level of security of critical media. A new technique has been suggested when adding an embedded value (129) to each pixel of the cover image and representing it as a key to thwart the attacker, increase security, rise imperceptibility, and make the system faster in detecting the tamper from unauthorized users. Using the two watermarking ty

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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Language Studies
Syntactic Deviation in Abdul-Wahhab Al-Bayyati Poetry With Reference to English Syntax A Functional Study
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This research is an attempt to study aspects of syntactic deviation in AbdulWahhab Al-Bayyati with reference to English. It reviews this phenomenon from an extra-linguistic viewpoint. It adopts a functional approach depending on the stipulates of systemic Functional Grammar as developed by M.A.K. Halliday and others adopting this approach. Within related perspective, fairly’s taxonomy (1975) has been chosen to analyze the types of syntactic deviation because it has been found suitable and relevant to describe this phenomenon. The research hypothesizes that syntactic deviation is pervasive in Arabic poetry, in general and in Abdul-Wahhab Al-Bayyati Poetry in specific, and can be analyzed in the light of systemic Functional Grammar

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 30 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
EFFECT OF USING STEVIA LEAF POWDER IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A DAIRY PRODUCT (CREAM) AGAINST THE MICROORGANISMS THAT CAUSE FOOD SPOILAGE AND THEIR ACCEPTANCE BY THE CONSUMER: EFFECT OF USING STEVIA LEAF POWDER IN THE MANUFACTURE OF A DAIRY PRODUCT (CREAM) AGAINST THE MICROORGANISMS THAT CAUSE FOOD SPOILAGE AND THEIR ACCEPTANCE BY THE CONSUMER
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The increase in obesity and the many accompanying diseases is attributed to the increased production and consumption of foods made of non-nutritive sweeteners without regard to the risks of consuming additional calories, and this in turn leads to hormonal imbalance and metabolic disorders and the resulting imbalance and ill health that have spread to all segments of society. During the research, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 % of stevia sweetener was added to the cream instead of the sugar used. Physical and chemical tests were performed for the stevia extract and the microbial content in the cream, as well as the sensory evaluation. It was noted that fortifying the cream with calorie-free stevia sugar led to the production of

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
لارك
Expressions of probability in Spanish language and their translation into Arabic (Empirical study)تعابير الاحتمالية في اللغة الاسبانية و ترجمتها الى اللغة العربية: دراسة تطبيقية
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The probability is considered one of the grammatical cases in all languages of the world. Expressions of probability in Spanish language are expressed by various structures, expressions and some verb tenses. By this study explains the grammatical cases, the verbal periphrases, the impersonal expressions, the future tenses (simple and perfect) and the conditional mode of probability in Spanish language .We have explains these cases in detail with examples that have extracted from various spanish grammar books .The specific objective of this study is to know the resources and constructions of probability in Spanish language and their translation in Arabic language.

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 15 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Reasons for the Behavior of Bullying school Students in the first grade average from the point of view of teachers and teachers and methods of modification
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 هدف البحث التعرف الى اسباب سلوك التنمر لدى طلاب الصف الاول المتوسط من وجهة نظر المدرسين والمدرسات واساليب تعديله، واستعمل الباحثان المنهج الوصفي واختيار عينة عشوائية من المدرسين والمدرسات في متوسطة أرض الرافدين ومتوسطة الرحمن للبنين وكان عددهم (46) مدرساً ومدرسة بواقع (32) مدرساً و(14) مدرسة، واعتمد الباحثان الاستبانة أداة للتعرف الى اسباب سلوك التنمر واساليب تعديله، واشارت نتائج البحث الى تنوع اسباب التن

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Publication Date
Thu May 16 2019
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study of Transverse and Longitudinal Crack Propagation in Human Bone Using the Finite Element Method with MATLAB
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A finite element is a study that is capable of predicting crack initiation and simulating crack propagation of human bone. The material model is implemented in MATLAB finite element package, which allows extension to any geometry and any load configuration. The fracture mechanics parameters for transverse and longitudinal crack propagation in human bone are analyzed. A fracture toughness as well as stress and strain contour are generated and thoroughly evaluated. Discussion is given on how this knowledge needs to be extended to allow prediction of whole bone fracture from external loading to aid the design of protective systems.

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 06 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Parametric Study Of Laminar Free Convection In Horizontal Annulus With And Without Fins On The Inner Cylinder
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Publication Date
Mon Dec 31 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Jour. For Pure & Appl. Sci
Comparative Study of Thymidine Kinase -1 and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Iraqi Children with Platelet Count Disorder
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This study aimed to find relationship between thymidine kinase-1 (TK-1) as tumor marker and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in Iraqi children patients with thrombocytopenia and with thrombocytosis. The present study conducted 60 children patients (30 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) and 30 patients with thrombocytosis caused by leukemia) attending the Children Fever Hospital in the Medical City / Baghdad, and 30 healthy children as a control group. All study groups were with range ages (1-15) years, and they were diagnosed by assay of platelet count, Prothrombin Time (PT), and partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT). The results shown elevation in plasma TK-1 and TAC values in children patients with thrombocytopenia and w

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 01 2019
Journal Name
Therapeutic Advances In Drug Safety
Deferasirox in thalassemia: a comparative study between an innovator drug and its copy among a sample of Iraqi patients
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Background:

The health care industry is witnessing an increasing trend in the use of generic medicines because of their presumed low cost compared with innovator medicines. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the performance of the copy drug Osveral®and its innovator drug deferasirox (Exjade®).

Methods:

A prospective observational study including 223 patients receiving the branded medicine Exjade®and 101 patients receiving the copy Osveral®was carried out. Data were assessed for a 1-year period and included clinical symptoms, serum ferrit

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