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Optimization of Fracture Parameters for Hydraulic Fractured Horizontal Well in a Heterogeneous Tight Reservoir: An Equivalent Homogeneous Modelling Approach
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Abstract<p>Building numerical reservoir simulation model with a view to model actual case requires enormous amount of data and information. Such modeling and simulation processes normally require lengthy time and different sets of field data and experimental tests that are usually very expensive. In addition, the availability, quality and accessibility of all necessary data are very limited, especially for the green field. The degree of complexities of such modelling increases significantly especially in the case of heterogeneous nature typically inherited in unconventional reservoirs. In this perspective, this study focuses on exploring the possibility of simplifying the numerical simulation process without compromising the accuracy of results for heterogeneous unconventional tight gas reservoir with an emphasis on optimisation of multi-stage hydraulic fractured parameters, such as fracture half-length and number of fractures towards maximization the net present value (NPV).</p><p>The key objectives of this study are to mitigate the effect of reservoir heterogeneity through building an equivalent simplified homogeneous reservoir simulation model for forecasting the production performance of fractured horizontal well in a heterogeneous carbonate tight gas reservoir and optimize the fracture parameters such as number of fractures and fracture half-length based on maximizing the NPV. The homogeneous model, which is equivalent to a heterogeneous reservoir model was built based on the statistical analysis of the rock properties of heterogeneous model. The simulation results obtained were analysed for a number of cases covering a range of fracture number (from 1 to 80), fracture half-length (from 500 to 2000 ft). The result demonstrated that the simplified equivalent homogeneous model has the ability to provide a good estimate for production forecasting, and determine the optimum number of fractures and fracture half-length within a high accuracy. The model is simple, yet provides good approximation with high accuracy, but save huge computation time.</p>
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Incompressible Flow over an Iced Airfoil
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Determining the aerodynamic characteristics of iced airfoil is an important step in aircraft design.  The goal of this work is to study experimentally and numerically an iced airfoil to assess the aerodynamic penalties associated with presence of ice on the airfoil surface. Three iced shapes were tested on NACA 0012 straight wing at zero and non-zero angles of attack, at Reynolds No. equal to (3.36*105). The 2-D steady state continuity and momentum equations have been solved utilizing finite volume method to analyze the turbulent flow over a clean and iced airfoil. The results show that the ice shapes affected the aerodynamic characteristics due to the change in airfoil shape. The experimental results show that the horn iced airfoil

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of forensic accounting in resolving banking disputes: an applied research on a sample of private banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange
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This study aims to identify the role of forensic accounting in resolving banking disputes in the Iraqi environment, and to achieve this goal, the fiel

d survey method was used, as it is the most appropriate for studying the phenomenon in question and achieving its objectives. A sample of (50) male and female employees was selected, distributed among five banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange in the Baghdad governorate. The questionnaire tool prepared for this purpose was applied to them, which consisted of two main axes. The first axis included paragraphs of questions related to the importance of forensic accounting. The second axis relates to disputes At the end of the research, we reached a set of conclusions, the most import

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study of electron energy distribution function and transport parameters for CF4 and Ar gases discharge by using the solution of Boltzmann equation-Part I
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The Boltzmann transport equation is solved by using two- terms approximation for pure gases . This method of solution is used to calculate the electron energy distribution function and electric transport parameters were evaluated in the range of E/N varying from . 172152110./510.VcmENVcm
From the results we can conclude that the electron energy distribution function of CF4 gas is nearly Maxwellian at (1,2)Td, and when E/N increase the distribution function is non Maxwellian. Behavior of electrons transport parameters is nearly from the experimental results in references. The drift velocity of electron in carbon tetraflouride is large compared with other gases

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study of electron energy distribution function and transport parameters for CF4, Ar gases mixture discharge by using the solution of Boltzmann equation-Part II
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The Boltzmann transport equation is solved by using two- terms approximation for pure gases and mixtures. This method of solution is used to calculate the electron energy distribution function and electric transport parameters were evaluated in the range of E/N varying from . 172152110./510.VcmENVcm
The electron energy distribution function of CF4 gas is nearly Maxwellian at (1,2)Td, and when E/N increase the distribution function is non Maxwellian. Also, the mixtures are have different energy values depending on transport energy between electron and molecule through the collisions. Behavior of electrons transport parameters is nearly from the experimental results in references. The drift velocity of electron in carbon tetraflouride i

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 17 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Computer Applications
Colour Recognizing Robot Arm Equipped with a CMOS Camera and an FPGA
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In this paper a system is designed on an FPGA using a Nios II soft-core processor, to detect the colour of a specific surface and moving a robot arm accordingly. The surface being detected is bounded by a starting mark and an ending mark, to define the region of interest. The surface is also divided into sections as rows and columns and each section can have any colour. Such a system has so many uses like for example warehouses or even in stores where their storing areas can be divided to sections and each section is coloured and a robot arm collects objects from these sections according to the section’s colour also the robot arm can organize objects in sections according to the section’s colour.

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 08 2023
Journal Name
Eneurologicalsci
Double encephalocele with an excellent outcome postoperatively: A case report from Iraq
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HTH Ali Tarik Abdulwahid , Ahmed Dheyaa Al-Obaidi , Mustafa Najah Al-Obaidi, eNeurologicalSci, 2023

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 17 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Computer Applications
Colour Recognizing Robot Arm Equipped with a CMOS Camera and an FPGA
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In this paper a system is designed on an FPGA using a Nios II soft-core processor, to detect the colour of a specific surface and moving a robot arm accordingly. The surface being detected is bounded by a starting mark and an ending mark, to define the region of interest. The surface is also divided into sections as rows and columns and each section can have any colour. Such a system has so many uses like for example warehouses or even in stores where their storing areas can be divided to sections and each section is coloured and a robot arm collects objects from these sections according to the section’s colour also the robot arm can organize objects in sections according to the section’s colour.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 30 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Designing a Quality System using the Goals Programming Method -An Applied Research
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Due to the continuous development in society and the multiplicity of customers' desires and their keeping pace with this development and their search for the quality and durability of the commodity that provides them with the best performance and that meets their needs and desires, all this has led to the consideration of quality as one of the competitive advantages that many industrial companies compete for and which are of interest to customers and are looking for. The research problem showed that the Diyala State Company for Electrical Industries relies on some simple methods and personal experience to monitor the quality of products and does not adopt scientific methods and modern programs. The aim of this research is to desi

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
An Efficient Image Encryption Using a Dynamic, Nonlinear and Secret Diffusion Scheme
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The growing use of tele

This paper presents a new secret diffusion scheme called Round Key Permutation (RKP) based on the nonlinear, dynamic and pseudorandom permutation for encrypting images by block, since images are considered particular data because of their size and their information, which are two-dimensional nature and characterized by high redundancy and strong correlation. Firstly, the permutation table is calculated according to the master key and sub-keys. Secondly, scrambling pixels for each block to be encrypted will be done according the permutation table. Thereafter the AES encryption algorithm is used in the proposed cryptosystem by replacing the linear permutation of ShiftRows step with the nonlinear and secret pe

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 24 2021
Journal Name
Oncology And Radiotherapy
The effect of different clinicopathological parameters on disease free survival in triple negative breast cancer Iraqi women
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