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Potential role of periodontal pathogens in compromising epithelial barrier function by inducing epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
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Background and Objective

Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells acquire a mesenchymal‐like phenotype and this may be induced by exposure to gram‐negative bacteria. It has been proposed that EMT is responsible for compromising epithelial barrier function in the pathogenesis of several diseases. However, the possible role of EMT in the pathogenesis of periodontitis has not previously been investigated. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate whether gram‐negative, anaerobic periodontal pathogens could trigger EMT in primary oral keratinocytes in vitro.

Material and Methods

Primary oral keratinocytes were harvested from labial mandibular mucosa of Wistar Han rats. Cells were exposed to heat‐killed Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis (100 bacteria/epithelial cell) and to 20 μg/mL of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide over an 8‐day period. Exposure to bacteria did not significantly change epithelial cell number or vitality in comparison with unstimulated controls at the majority of time‐points examined. Expression of EMT marker genes was determined by semiquantitative RTPCR at 1, 5, and 8 days following stimulation. The expression of EMT markers was also assessed by immunofluorescence (E‐cadherin and vimentin) and using immunocytochemistry to determine Snail activation. The loss of epithelial monolayer coherence, in response to bacterial challenge, was determined by measuring trans‐epithelial electrical resistance. The induction of a migratory phenotype was investigated using scratch‐wound and transwell migration assays.

Results

Exposure of primary epithelial cell cultures to periodontal pathogens was associated with a significant decrease in transcription (~3‐fold) of E‐cadherin and the upregulation of N‐cadherin, vimentin, Snail, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (~3‐5 fold) and toll‐like receptor 4. Bacterial stimulation (for 8 days) also resulted in an increased percentage of vimentin‐positive cells (an increase of 20% after stimulation with P. gingivalis and an increase of 30% after stimulation with F. nucleatum, compared with controls). Furthermore, periodontal pathogens significantly increased the activation of Snail (60%) and cultures exhibited a decrease in electrical impedance (P < .001) in comparison with unexposed controls. The migratory ability of the cells increased significantly in response to bacterial stimulation, as shown by both the number of migrated cells and scratch‐wound closure rates.

Conclusion

Prolonged exposure of primary rat oral keratinocyte cultures to periodontal pathogens generated EMT‐like features, which introduces the possibility that this process may be involved in loss of epithelial integrity during periodontitis.

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 30 2014
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Role of Interleukine-33 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
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The inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are heterogenous chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The most widely accepted etiopathogenic hypothesis for these disorders suggests an immune mediated process.
Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the role of interleukine-33 in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and to correlate their levels with the disease activity and/or severity.
Methods: Fifty five subjects with inflammatory bowel disease (41 ulcerative colitis patients and 14 Crohn’s disease patients) their ages range from 16-65 years and 25 apparently healthy volunteers their ages and sexes were matched with the patients were participated i

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The Role of Testosterone Level in Women with Osteopenia
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There is substantial data supporting the importance of both endogenous and exogenous estrogen in maintaining reproductive health and preventing chronic disease, androgens in women's health are rarely discussed. This is one of the first researches to investigate correlates of blood testosterone concentrations in women with osteopenia, in anticipation of the growing interest in the role of androgens in women's health. A 65 volunteer women were enrolled in the current study, they were divided into two groups, 35 postmenopausal women with osteopenia were in the first group, and the second group contained 30 postmenopausal women without osteopenia as a control. Blood samples were collected from all participants and analyzed for testosterone l

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Role of Supporting the Microfinance Industry In Iraq
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The Economist opinion (views) gathered on the great Importance’s of small enterprise on the production sectors at Developed or in developing countries, statistics indicate that these enterprise represent almost 90% of the total enterprises in most economies in the world.

Many of these enterprises have originated in Iraq since the beginning of last century and the question of financing these enterprises remained an issue facing the most of workers in this sector, because of the peculiarty of which are characterized by which as a lack of financial abilities and the difficulty of obtain the sources of financing in Iraq and considered the enterprise as the guarantor of fulfilling Financial obligations. Afte

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of insurance policy in facing banking risks
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The concept of insurance policy is one of the concepts that expresses a way to face the risks that a person is exposed to in the field of his life. It is a system that involves a prior agreement between two parties through which the risk is transferred from the second party (the insured) to the first party (the insurer) in return for paying an amount Calculated was able to cover the potential loss according to certain percentages agreed upon between the two parties, and that the main goal of any scientific analysis of the risk is to choose the most appropriate policy or method to confront it, by identifying the risks and ways to address them, and the main goal is to reduce losses and limit the possibility of their occurrence.

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Role of Egyptian Workers in World War II
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The Egyptian labor movement is the oldest trade union movement in the Arab region. Beside, the labor movement in any society is, in fact, only a reflection of the extent of awareness of that class in that society. Such a comparison is based on the degree of social growth the working class has reached. Moreover, the Egyptian working class was characterized by modernity in its inception compared to other social forces and classes. In addition, its development is linked to the level of industrial development of the country. The peasants and craftsmen were the mainstay of production in the Egyptian society over several centuries. The labor union movement also represents the human aspect of the labor force when it encounters and interacts wit

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2004
Journal Name
Pmj-iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal
The role of circulating phagocytic cells in muscle regeneration
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Results: it was found that labelled cells participated in the formation of myotubes, which formed mature muscle fibers, and possibly new satellite cells. The results of this experiment may eventually revolutionized therapeutic procedures for some form of muscle diseases

Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
The Role of Informational Environment in Building Smart City
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The research addresses smart city concept as it is the latest urban design trends, by the investment of the capabilities of human, and artificial intelligence for the sake of the advancement of the city. The concept of a smart city is described as one of the most important manifestations of the information revolution, with the end of the twentieth, and the beginning of twenty – first century, The research attributes the emergence of the concept to: deficiencies of means, and traditional methods in building and development of cities, as well as The significant increase in the number of city and global metropolises dwellers. So, smart city approach has been adopted, along with innovative principles and methods which cons

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2015
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The role of journalism in the fight against terrorism
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The media plays an important role in a number of functions performed by them. Press is one of those media which had and still have a clear role in addressing the various issues, topics, and events. Journalism is no longer as expressed by owners of the liberal theory – it seeks to raise the instincts – but it began to excite the minds of readers to meet their needs. At the same time, it does not neglect the search for the truth and work to deliver it to readers. Some have identified a set of tasks carried out by the press including the interest in public affairs, the needs of the community, work to provide happiness, what is beneficial and useful and combat the negative phenomenon and to address the deviations facing society. The comi

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Crossref
Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of knowledge management processes in Creative marketing
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The research aims to measure the impact of knowledge management processes individually and in total in the innovative marketing.

We depart search of a problem expressed in a number of intellectual and practical questions, the application of this research in the General Company for Vegetable Oil Industry, represented composed a sample of (63) (Director General and Deputy Director General and Director of the Department and the Division) in the company researched, it has been designed measuring instrument to collect the necessary data either statistical means they are the percentage and the arithmetic mean and standard deviation and coefficient of variation and the coefficient of simple correlation and model

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The role of performance management in Achieving Organizational success
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The idea of this research is the basis of the role exercised by the dimensions of performance management (Performance Planning- performance evaluation- improve the performance and development- feedback - Review and Performance Monitor) In order to achieve the success Organizational Is through the (strategic vision- the operational activity- development of the company- selection of personnel- the company's culture- Leadership and Management- Personal Development - Assessment and Review).And The research aims to identify the extent of the responsibility of performance management in achieving success  Organizational through main hypotheses branched out by the sub-hypotheses to knowing out the&nbs

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