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Potential role of periodontal pathogens in compromising epithelial barrier function by inducing epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
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Background and Objective

Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells acquire a mesenchymal‐like phenotype and this may be induced by exposure to gram‐negative bacteria. It has been proposed that EMT is responsible for compromising epithelial barrier function in the pathogenesis of several diseases. However, the possible role of EMT in the pathogenesis of periodontitis has not previously been investigated. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate whether gram‐negative, anaerobic periodontal pathogens could trigger EMT in primary oral keratinocytes in vitro.

Material and Methods

Primary oral keratinocytes were harvested from labial mandibular mucosa of Wistar Han rats. Cells were exposed to heat‐killed Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis (100 bacteria/epithelial cell) and to 20 μg/mL of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide over an 8‐day period. Exposure to bacteria did not significantly change epithelial cell number or vitality in comparison with unstimulated controls at the majority of time‐points examined. Expression of EMT marker genes was determined by semiquantitative RTPCR at 1, 5, and 8 days following stimulation. The expression of EMT markers was also assessed by immunofluorescence (E‐cadherin and vimentin) and using immunocytochemistry to determine Snail activation. The loss of epithelial monolayer coherence, in response to bacterial challenge, was determined by measuring trans‐epithelial electrical resistance. The induction of a migratory phenotype was investigated using scratch‐wound and transwell migration assays.

Results

Exposure of primary epithelial cell cultures to periodontal pathogens was associated with a significant decrease in transcription (~3‐fold) of E‐cadherin and the upregulation of N‐cadherin, vimentin, Snail, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (~3‐5 fold) and toll‐like receptor 4. Bacterial stimulation (for 8 days) also resulted in an increased percentage of vimentin‐positive cells (an increase of 20% after stimulation with P. gingivalis and an increase of 30% after stimulation with F. nucleatum, compared with controls). Furthermore, periodontal pathogens significantly increased the activation of Snail (60%) and cultures exhibited a decrease in electrical impedance (P < .001) in comparison with unexposed controls. The migratory ability of the cells increased significantly in response to bacterial stimulation, as shown by both the number of migrated cells and scratch‐wound closure rates.

Conclusion

Prolonged exposure of primary rat oral keratinocyte cultures to periodontal pathogens generated EMT‐like features, which introduces the possibility that this process may be involved in loss of epithelial integrity during periodontitis.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 02 2012
Journal Name
دراسات عربية في التربية وعلم النفس
The effectiveness of environmental enrichment activities in the achievement of chemistry and environmental awareness for fifth-grade science students
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Publication Date
Tue Jan 03 2023
Journal Name
The Egyptian Journal Of Hospital Medicine
High Tumor Levels of Ki-67, VEGF and Endostatin Are Associated with Progression of Breast Cancer in Iraqi Women
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Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most widespread cancer among women worldwide. Its incidence and mortality rates have risen in the previous three decades as a result of changes in risk factor profiles, improved cancer registry, and cancer detection. Objective: The study's goals were to establish if Ki-67 could be used as a potential marker in serum of cancer disease patients as well as their interaction with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and ES in various stages of breast cancer to assess their function in the progression of BC. Materials and Methods: The levels of Ki-67, VEGF and endostatin (ES) in serum were assessed by commercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits in 60 women diagnosed with breast cancer

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Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2016
Journal Name
Injury Prevention
The effectiveness of injury prevention program on reducing the incidence of lower limb injuries in adolescent male soccer players
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The highest incidence of injury is seen in adolescent playing pivoting sports such as soccer, basketball, and handball. Objective: To examine the effectiveness of a neuromuscular prevention program in reducing knee and ankle injuries in adolescent male soccer players.

Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2017
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
SEASONAL POPULATION ABUNDANCE OF THE CHRYSANTHEMUM APHIDS (HOMOPTERA, APHIDIDAE) IN THE MIDDLE OF IRAQ WITH PICTORIAL KEY TO SPECIES
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    This study was based on the determination of aphid species that infested Chrysanthemum sp. (Asterales, Asteraceae) in the middle of Iraq; five aphid species belong to subfamily Aphidinae were recorded: Aphis fabae Scopoli, 1763, Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877,  Coloradoa rufomaculata (Wilson, 1908), Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillette, 1908) and Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776). A. gossypii was the most dominant species throughout the study period while M. persicae  is the lesser species.

    A summary of  the main taxonomic characters is presented here and a pictorial key which was designed to separate aphi

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 30 2021
Journal Name
Onkologia I Radioterapia
The prevalence of lymph proliferative disorders in a group of Iraqi patients and its relation to blood indices parameters
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Abstract: Lymphoproliferative Disorders (LPDs) are a group of neoplasms affecting various cells within lymphoid system. Each type has different treatment a..70619

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Periodicals Of Engineering And Natural Sciences
Comparing traditional estimators and the estimators of (PSO) algorithm for some growth models of gross domestic product in Iraq
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Publication Date
Thu Apr 02 2020
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
The effects of additives in to heat treatment temperature and time on the crystallinity of lithium silicate glass-ceramic
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Publication Date
Tue Dec 11 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of University Leaders' Behavior and the Faculty Members' Motivation towards the Work in the Iraqi Colleges of Nursing
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Objective(s): The present study aims at identifying the Iraqi Colleges of Nursing Deans' leadership
behaviors effectiveness and faculty members' motivation towards work in these colleges.
Methodology: Descriptive design has been used for the sample survey manner, which is the
appropriate approach to the study of social phenomena in the field where provides data on the reality of
these phenomena and relations between the causes and consequences and an analysis of it and perhaps
the factors affecting it and how it appears. The study relies on a questionnaire to collect data from the
participants which is composed of (86) items distributed on three axes: First, the demographic
characteristics which are composed of (8) i

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The relationship between human investment and economic growth in Iraq(1985-2010) and measuring return of investment of human
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Abstract:

Investment in human capital of renewable energy can be relied upon to get to achieve the goals of development is important for Iraq through the intellectual community cards creative able to innovate and develop what is so is study the effect of human investment on economic growth through the adoption of the index of national income as a function of variables independent ( human capital, physical capital) and this is built on the premise that the relationship direct correlation between economic growth and human investment, and it can measure the return on human investment, which is an incentive to increase human capital through education and the development of the economy in general have shown th

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 09 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Numerical Simulation of The Influence of Geometric Parameter on The Flow Behavior in a Solar Chimney Power Plant System
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Numerical simulations have been carried out on the solar chimney power plant systems. This paper gives the flow field analysis for a solar chimney power generation project located in Baghdad. The continuity, Naver-stockes, energy and radiation transfer equations have been solved and carried out by Fluent software. The governing equations are solved for incompressible, 3-D, steady state, turbulent is approximated by a standard k -  model with Boussiuesq approximation to study and evaluate the performance of solar chimney power plant in Baghdad city of Iraq. The different geometric parameters of project are assumed such as collector diameter and chimney height at different working conditions of solar radiation intensity (300,450,600,750

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