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Potential role of periodontal pathogens in compromising epithelial barrier function by inducing epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
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Background and Objective

Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells acquire a mesenchymal‐like phenotype and this may be induced by exposure to gram‐negative bacteria. It has been proposed that EMT is responsible for compromising epithelial barrier function in the pathogenesis of several diseases. However, the possible role of EMT in the pathogenesis of periodontitis has not previously been investigated. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate whether gram‐negative, anaerobic periodontal pathogens could trigger EMT in primary oral keratinocytes in vitro.

Material and Methods

Primary oral keratinocytes were harvested from labial mandibular mucosa of Wistar Han rats. Cells were exposed to heat‐killed Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis (100 bacteria/epithelial cell) and to 20 μg/mL of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide over an 8‐day period. Exposure to bacteria did not significantly change epithelial cell number or vitality in comparison with unstimulated controls at the majority of time‐points examined. Expression of EMT marker genes was determined by semiquantitative RTPCR at 1, 5, and 8 days following stimulation. The expression of EMT markers was also assessed by immunofluorescence (E‐cadherin and vimentin) and using immunocytochemistry to determine Snail activation. The loss of epithelial monolayer coherence, in response to bacterial challenge, was determined by measuring trans‐epithelial electrical resistance. The induction of a migratory phenotype was investigated using scratch‐wound and transwell migration assays.

Results

Exposure of primary epithelial cell cultures to periodontal pathogens was associated with a significant decrease in transcription (~3‐fold) of E‐cadherin and the upregulation of N‐cadherin, vimentin, Snail, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (~3‐5 fold) and toll‐like receptor 4. Bacterial stimulation (for 8 days) also resulted in an increased percentage of vimentin‐positive cells (an increase of 20% after stimulation with P. gingivalis and an increase of 30% after stimulation with F. nucleatum, compared with controls). Furthermore, periodontal pathogens significantly increased the activation of Snail (60%) and cultures exhibited a decrease in electrical impedance (P < .001) in comparison with unexposed controls. The migratory ability of the cells increased significantly in response to bacterial stimulation, as shown by both the number of migrated cells and scratch‐wound closure rates.

Conclusion

Prolonged exposure of primary rat oral keratinocyte cultures to periodontal pathogens generated EMT‐like features, which introduces the possibility that this process may be involved in loss of epithelial integrity during periodontitis.

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Publication Date
Fri Apr 30 2021
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Assessment of the Awareness of COVID-19 among the Students Enrolled in Different Medical Universities of Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Survey
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Background: The study was designed for the assessment of the knowledge of medical students regarding pandemics. In the current designed study, the level of awareness was checked and the majority of students were found aware of SARS-CoV and SARS-Cov2 (Covid-19).

Objective: To assess the awareness of SARS-CoV and SARS-Cov2 (Covid-19) among medical students of Pakistan.

Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in different universities of Pakistan from May to August 2020. A self-constructed questionnaire by Pursuing the clinical and community administration of COVID-19 given by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China was used am

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 20 1930
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Evidence of the prophecy of Muhammad peace be upon him and established understanding In the letters of light: Study and analysis
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Provisions and controls on the disposal of public funds between Sharia and law
Research Summary
That money is the foundation of life and one of the most important reasons for the reconstruction of the land, and God is the owner
The real value of this money, God has borrowed some individuals on public money, and people
They are charged with preserving it, since it is beneficial to them all, without anyone taking it
To himself, and the guardian is charged by God to protect this money and aggression
Because of its power, authority, various organs and public servants of the province
Upon him; Because the assault on public money by employees and others in the organs of the state
And exploitation of their jobs and this

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 12 2025
Journal Name
University Of Anbar Sport And Physical Education Sciences
The Impact of the Concept Maps Strategy in the Guided Discovery Method at Learning the Skill of Layup Shooting of Basketball
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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2019
Journal Name
Plant Archive
EFFECT OF SOME GROWTH REGULATORS ON THE MULTIPLICATION AND STIMULATING THE PRODUCTION OF THE VOLATILE OIL OF ROSEMARY OFFICINALIS IN VITRO
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The experiment was conducted at the plant tissue culture laboratory of the Department of Horticulture and Garden Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, in order to study the effect of some growth regulators on propagation an stimulation production of volatile oil compounds of rosemary plant Rosmarinus officinlis using two vegetative parts (apical and lateral buds). Factorial experiment was implemented in completely randomized design with twenty replications. The results indicated that culturing the apical meristem on the medium Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with 0.5 mg.l-1 (BA) with 0.1 mg.l-1 of NAA gave the highest response rate of 100%. As for the doubling stage, the levels of BAA and IAA (Indol

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 17 2019
Journal Name
Energy Procedia
Irradiation of the thin films of MnS with fast neutrons and the possibility of using the new characteristics in optical detector
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The optical detectors which had been used in medical applications, and especially in radioactive treatments, need to be modified studied for the effects of radiations on them. This study included preparation of the MnS thin films in a way that vacuum thermal evaporation process at room temperature 27°C with thickness (400+-10nm) nm and a sedimentation rate of 0.39nm/sec on glass floors. The thin films prepared as a detector and had to be treated with neutron irradiation to examine the results gained from this process. The results decay X-ray (XRD) showed that all the prepared thin films have a multi-crystalline structure with the dominance of the direction (111), the two samples were irradiated with a neutron irradiation source (241Am-9Be)

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 04 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of recent trends of the Central Bank of Iraq in activating bank credit for the private commercial banking sector
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Abstract:

                 Central banks seek to control and supervise credit and follow it up effectively due to the high credit risks surrounding it that may lead to damage to banks, and may even lead to damage to the reputation and confidence of the banking system as a whole.

The main role of supervisory control is to control credit by controlling it from excessive expansion during periods of economic inflation or its revitalization and improvement and expansion of credit transactions in cases of economic recession, or when central banks desire to support the national economy or support a sector of various

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 23 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Impact of self-assessment on income and sales tax collections from the point of view of income tax auditors in Jordan
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This study aimed to show the extent of compliance with the income taxpayer  to provide tax returns and increase the speed of collection of these taxes in addition to increasing confidence in  Income Tax department and reduce the number of cases transferred to the courts and promote taxpayer awareness in charge of the importance of system self-assessment, and study sought to investigate the effect of the existence of records documents, technical audit, and computational audit and documentary audit on income tax collections in Jordan, from the point of view of Jordanian income tax auditors ,results shows there's a strong  relation between these variables and Income Tax collections.

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 01 2020
Journal Name
2020 5th Ieee International Conference On Recent Advances And Innovations In Engineering (icraie)
The New Way of Estimating the PCB's Lifetime of Fatigue using the Principle of Linear Accumulated Damage in Various Boundary Condition
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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Practice of Continuous Auditing in accordance with Technology Acceptance Model: An analytical study of a sample of the Iraqi auditing Offices
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Abstract

This paper discusses the essence of the developmental process in auditing firms and offices at the world today. This process is focused on how to adopt the audit concepts which is based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT), including the Continuous Auditing (CA) in particular. The purpose of this paper is to design a practical model for the adoption of CA and its requirements according to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This model will serve as a road map for manage the change and development in the Iraqi auditing firms and offices. The paper uses the analytical approach in reaching to the target results. We design the logical and systematic relations between the nine variable

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Annals Of Burns And Fire Disasters
ANALYSIS OF BLOOD CULTURE RESULTS OF BURN SEPTICAEMIA PATIENTS OVER A PERIOD OF NINE YEARS IN THE BAGHDAD BURN MEDICAL CENTRE
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Burn is one of the most devastating traumas that someone can encounter in their life. Burn wound sepsis is still the leading cause of death in burned patients. Appropriate knowledge of the causative pathogen in burn sepsis is important for successful patient management and for the reduction of the incidence of antibiotic resistance. A retrospective study was conducted between 2010 and 2018 at the Burn Specialty Hospital in Baghdad.Atotal of 320 blood culture samples were obtained from patients with sepsis orsuspected of having sepsis. Patient age ranged between 9 months to 70 years old, with a mean total burn surface area of 45.26%. The most common microorganisms isolated from those patients who had sepsis or suspicion of sepsis were Klebsi

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