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Flow from a source above a sloping base
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We consider the outflow of water from the peak of a triangular ridge into a channel of finite depth. Solutions are computed for different flow rates and bottom angles. A numerical method is used to compute the flow from the source for small values of flow rate and it is found that there is a maximum flow rate beyond which steady solutions do not seem to exist. Limiting flows are computed for each geometrical configuration. One application of this work is as a model of saline water being returned to the ocean after desalination. References Craya, A. ''Theoretical research on the flow of nonhomogeneous fluids''. La Houille Blanche, (1):22–55, 1949. doi:10.1051/lhb/1949017 Dun, C. R. and Hocking, G. C. ''Withdrawal of fluid through a line sink beneath a free surface above a sloping boundary''. J. Eng. Math. 29:1–10, 1995. doi:10.1007/bf00046379 Hocking, G. ''Cusp-like free-surface flows due to a submerged source or sink in the presence of a flat or sloping bottom''. ANZIAM J. 26:470–486, 1985. doi:10.1017/s0334270000004665 Hocking, G. C. and Forbes, L. K. ''Subcritical free-surface flow caused by a line source in a fluid of finite depth''. J. Eng. Math. 26:455-466, 1992. doi:10.1007/bf00042763 Hocking, G. C. ''Supercritical withdrawal from a two-layer fluid through a line sink", J. Fluid Mech. 297:37–47, 1995. doi:10.1017/s0022112095002990 Hocking, G. C., Nguyen, H. H. N., Forbes, L. K. and Stokes,T. E. ''The effect of surface tension on free surface flow induced by a point sink''. ANZIAM J., 57:417–428, 2016. doi:10.1017/S1446181116000018 Landrini, M. and Tyvand, P. A. ''Generation of water waves and bores by impulsive bottom flux'', J. Eng. Math. 39(1–4):131-170, 2001. doi:10.1023/A:1004857624937 Lustri, C. J., McCue, S. W. and Chapman, S. J. ''Exponential asymptotics of free surface flow due to a line source''. IMA J. Appl. Math., 78(4):697–713, 2013. doi:10.1093/imamat/hxt016 Stokes, T. E., Hocking, G. C. and Forbes, L.K. ''Unsteady free surface flow induced by a line sink in a fluid of finite depth'', Comp. Fluids, 37(3):236–249, 2008. doi:10.1016/j.compfluid.2007.06.002 Tuck, E. O. and Vanden-Broeck, J.-M. ''A cusp-like free-surface flow due to a submerged source or sink''. ANZIAM J. 25:443–450, 1984. doi:10.1017/s0334270000004197 Vanden-Broeck, J.-M., Schwartz, L. W. and Tuck, E. O. ''Divergent low-Froude-number series expansion of nonlinear free-surface flow problems". Proc. Roy. Soc. A., 361(1705):207–224, 1978. doi:10.1098/rspa.1978.0099 Vanden-Broeck, J.-M. and Keller, J. B. ''Free surface flow due to a sink'', J. Fluid Mech, 175:109–117, 1987. doi:10.1017/s0022112087000314 Yih, C.-S. Stratified flows. Academic Press, New York, 1980. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-771050-1.X5001-3

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 30 2020
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
 The structure of the phoneme composition of the verses describing the servants of Rahman (verse 63-77) from Surat Al-Furqan
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This study sheds light on the structure of the phoneme composition of the verses describing the servants of the Most Merciful in Surat Al-Furqan, and on how its silences, voices, and syllables are distributed, questioning and talking to them about their condition, their aesthetics, and the accuracy of Quranic employment for them, stemming from the presence of a strong, inseparable bond, and a close relationship between the voice and meaning As (i.e. the voice) is the nerve of speech, forming the basic building blocks of speech through synergy of syllables and syllables with each other, creating an audio context with a rhythm that is parallel, expressive, and in harmony with the content, as the vocal context and the fabric based on it are

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Colloids And Surfaces A: Physicochemical And Engineering Aspects
Studies on membrane stability and extraction of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution using pickering emulsion liquid membrane stabilized by magnetic nano-Fe2O3
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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
International Journal Of Data And Network Science
The effects of big data, artificial intelligence, and business intelligence on e-learning and business performance: Evidence from Jordanian telecommunication firms
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This study sought to investigate the impacts of big data, artificial intelligence (AI), and business intelligence (BI) on Firms' e-learning and business performance at Jordanian telecommunications industry. After the samples were checked, a total of 269 were collected. All of the information gathered throughout the investigation was analyzed using the PLS software. The results show a network of interconnections can improve both e-learning and corporate effectiveness. This research concluded that the integration of big data, AI, and BI has a positive impact on e-learning infrastructure development and organizational efficiency. The findings indicate that big data has a positive and direct impact on business performance, including Big

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 11 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology
Modeling and optimization of biodiesel from high free‐fatty‐acid chicken fat by non‐catalytic esterification and mussel‐shell‐catalyzed transesterification
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Abstract<sec><title>BACKGROUND

In this study, biodiesel was prepared from chicken fat via a transesterification reaction using Mussel shells as a catalyst. Pretreatment of chicken fat was carried out using non‐catalytic esterification to reduce the free fatty acid content from 36.28 to 0.96 mg KOH/g oil using an ethanol/ fat mole ratio equal to 115:1. In the transesterification reaction, the studied variables were methanol: oil mole ratio in the range of (6:1 ‐ 30:1), catalyst loading in the range of (9‐15) wt%, reaction temperature (55‐75 °C), and reaction time (1‐7) h. The heterogeneous alkaline catalyst was greenly synthesized from waste mussel shells throughout a calcin

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Ournal Of Chemistry
Assessment of an Electrocoagulation Reactor for the Removal of Oil Content and Turbidity from Real Oily Wastewater Using Response Surface Method
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Background: Large amounts of oily wastewater and its derivatives are discharged annually from several industries to the environment. Objective: The present study aims to investigate the ability to remove oil content and turbidity from real oily wastewater discharged from the wet oil's unit (West Qurna 1-Crude Oil Location/ Basra-Iraq) by using an innovated electrocoagulation reactor containing concentric aluminum tubes in a monopolar mode. Methods: The influences of the operational variables (current density (1.77-7.07 mA/cm2) and electrolysis time (10-40 min)) were studied using response surface methodology (RSM) and Minitab-17 statistical program. The agitation speed was taken as 200 rpm. Energy and electrodes consumption had been studi

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 11 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Chemical Technology &amp; Biotechnology
Modeling and optimization of biodiesel from high free‐fatty‐acid chicken fat by non‐catalytic esterification and mussel‐shell‐catalyzed transesterification
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Abstract<sec><title>BACKGROUND

In this study, biodiesel was prepared from chicken fat via a transesterification reaction using Mussel shells as a catalyst. Pretreatment of chicken fat was carried out using non‐catalytic esterification to reduce the free fatty acid content from 36.28 to 0.96 mg KOH/g oil using an ethanol/ fat mole ratio equal to 115:1. In the transesterification reaction, the studied variables were methanol: oil mole ratio in the range of (6:1 ‐ 30:1), catalyst loading in the range of (9‐15) wt%, reaction temperature (55‐75 °C), and reaction time (1‐7) h. The heterogeneous alkaline catalyst was greenly synthesized from waste mussel shells throughout a calcin

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
A study of the nomenclature of Russian vocabulary of Arabic origin denoting some religious worship, or denoting some political and social positions: «Лексика арабского происхождения со значением «служители религиозного культа, социального статуса» и её функционирование в русской речи»
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      The present paper discusses one of the most important Russian linguistic features of Arabic origin Russian lexes denoting some religious worship or some political and social positions like Qadi, Wally, Sultan, Alam, Ruler, Caliph, Amir, Fakih, Mufti, Sharif, Ayatollah, Sheikh.. etc.  A lexical analysis of the two of the most efficient and most used words of Arabic origin Russian lexes that are “Caliph and Sheikh” is considered in the present study. The lexicographic analysis of these words makes it possible to identify controversial issues related to their etymology and semantic development.

The study is conducted by the use of the modern Russian and Arabic dictionary, specifically, (Intermediate lexicon Dictionary

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Surface Modification of the Improved Stainless Steel Alloy AISI-304 and the Use of Diffusion Coating and a Study of Its Efficiency in Resistivity Hot Corrosion in an Atmosphere of Sodium Chloride Vapor NaCL and Sodium SulfateNa_2 SO_4
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       This research aims to modify the components of stainless steel alloy by the method of surface engineering through the single diffusion coating technique in order to obtain new alloys with high efficiency in resisting harsh environmental conditions. Steam a mixture of sodium chloride ( ) and sodium sulfate ( ) at a temperature of 900 and then compare it with the base alloy. The results showed that the alloys produced in this way are very efficient. The results showed that the aluminum coating showed high efficiency in resisting oxidation and provided better protection for a longer time compared to the uncoated alloy due to the  oxide crust layer formed with high adhesion as well as the aluminum-rich phases, whether the phase

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Towards building an educational system free of scientific corruption (Applied study in a sample of colleges of higher education in Iraq within the framework of the government program and the directions of the Supreme Council for Combating Corruption)
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Nations are developed with education and knowledge that raise the status of society in its various segments, beyond that it leads to underdevelopment and deterioration in various sectors, whether economic, health, social, etc. If we considered the general name of The ministry of Education & Scientific Studies, then the second part seems to be not functioning, since scientific research has no material allocation and remains based on the material potential of the university professor. As for the first half of the topic, the reality of the situation reveals problems related to the Holy Trinity of Education which is (Professor - Student - the scientific method) where universities suffer at the present time from this problem, and

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
The Surgical outcomes of fundus-first technique in lowering the rate of bile duct injuries and bleeding during open cholecystectomy that facing intraoperative difficulties: A single-center prospective study: The surgical outcomes of open fundus-first cholecystectomy technique.
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Background: The problem of difficult gallbladder is not clearly defined and associated with real missing of therapeutic approaches that decreased morbidity. Moreover, the difficult gallbladder was reported as a contributing risk factor for biliary injury due to raised difficulty in surgical dissection within Calot’s triangle. The aim of this study is to determine the surgical outcomes of the open fundus-first cholecystectomy in lowering the rate of lethal intraoperative risks.

Subjects and Methods: Our prospective study conducted during the period of January 2019 to December 2022 at Ibn Sina specialized hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, for two hundred and fifty-three patients underw

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