في حضارة بلاد ما بين النهرين، صاغ الإنسان رؤيته للعالم من خلال سعيه الدؤوب لفهم قوى الطبيعة وتنظيم علاقته بالعالم المحيط مثلت الرموز والأساطير أدوات معرفية لتفسير الوجود وإضفاء المعنى عليه. وفي هذا السياق، برزت ثنائية النور والظلام كأحد أهم الثنائيات الرمزية، مساهمة في بناء الفهم الكوني والفكري والديني لشعوب بلاد ما بين النهرين. لم يقتصر وجودها على المستوى الحمي المرتبط بدورة الليل والنهار، بل امتد ليشمل أبعادًا ميتافيزيقية وأخلاقية واجتماعية وسياسية. في الفكر الميزوبوتامي، ارتبط النور بمفاهيم الخلق والبدايات والنظام الكوني. واعتبر مظهرا من مظاهر الحياة والمعرفة والحضور الإلهي، ووسيلة للسيطرة على الفوضى وإرساء العدل والنظام. في المقابل، ارتبط الظلام بالغياب والزوال والموت والعالم السفلي. مع ذلك، لم يُصوّر النور كقوة شر مطلقة، بل كعنصر كوني فاعل، جزء لا يتجزأ من بنية الوجود، يؤدي دورًا مكملاً في دورة الحياة والموت، وفي استمرار النظام الكوني نفسه. لذا، فإن العلاقة بين النور والظلام في حضارة بلاد ما بين النهرين تقوم على مبدأ التوازن والتكامل أكثر من التضاد الحاد. في هذا البحث، سنتناول الجزء الأول منه، وهو النور، علمًا بأن هذا البحث هو نواة مشروع كتاب قيد الإعداد، يتناول النور والظلام في حضارة بلاد ما بين النهرين، معتمدا بشكل أساسي على ما ورد في النصوص المسمارية حول هذا الموضوع، ونأمل أن نتمه بإذن الله.
The significance of the social motivation lies in showing the great and important role of the story of the prophet of ( Moser ( Peace upon him) in Quran , especially , it is considered the greatest one in Quran , as that confirmed by the poets of Andalusera ,as it includes aspects similar to that prevailing over in their environments and their social life via the social motivation. Moreover , the relation's poets with the Andalus society where suitability prevailing over consistent with the events of the story; bedsides, artistic expression about the society for being considered as a trust mirror reflect real facts surrounded by the Andalussociety with all its sides and aspects . Thus , the poet takes Quran , especially the story of Mose
... Show Moreتشكل الاقاليم الانفصالية خطرا يهدد نسيج الدولة
مفهومية فن الفخار في عصور قبل التاريخ في العراق
Objective: The aim of this study to detect the correlation between trace elements such as zinc, copper and
spermatogenesis, sperm viability and motility.
Methodology: Serum and semen samples were collected from one hundred twenty patients with age ranged (20-
50 years) attending the high institute for Embryo Research and Infertility Treatment/ Baghdad University, in
addition to thirty fertile males their age comparable to that of patients. The period of this study was from June
2004 until the end of October 2004.
Results: The result of routine seminal fluid analysis of all infertile males was divided according to WHO, (1999) limit
into four groups: Asthenospermia(A), Asthenoteratospermia(AT), Oligoasthenoteratospermi
Industry represents a cornerstone of the process of economic development and a measure of progress and contribute to increased prosperity and high standard of living.
The researcher analyzed the productivity indicators in industrial facilities large and small at several time periods ranging from 1970 to 2009, according to the economic situation that prevailed in each period.
Different impact of periods under discussion, it made Iraq the cash surpluses during the period 70-1980 then the effects of the war after 1980 and the economic blockade since 1990, and the subsequent events of the year
... Show MoreAfter the year 2003, Iraq went through multiple waves of violence and at different levels on the security, intellectual, political and social levels. Behind that stood several motives and incentives to enable violence that represented the first axis of research, the most important of which was the political motives that circulated an atmosphere that politics against society and transformed power into a field of political brutality against the individual and the group at once. There are also cultural, intellectual, media and economic motives such as weak cultural independence, poverty, marginalization, unemployment and want, and the absence of a media discourse that rejects violence but incites it, on the other ha
... Show MoreThe search aims to find out the most important requirements for the success of marshes investment and maximize the expected returns of investment was marked by a problem find aquestion for availability requirements necessary for the success of marshes investment has a research community owners decision in the province Maysan the most important conclusions to the search is that the investment great importance in support of the economy and raising the cultural and social level, there is no investment successful but only with configure the investment environment appropriate economic, social, cultural, political, and security ways. the most important recommendations are working on the provision of the investment environment appropria
... Show MoreImproving the environment is a mission that should be conducted by three associates; public authorities, environmentalists and the community. The ignorance of environmental education in Iraq has resulted to an almost environmentally illiterate community, demanding well planned programs to raise their environmental; awareness and education. On the other hand, the decision makers should be well informed about the citizens' environmental preferences to be able to set their priorities for the civil services. Merging the Iraqi citizens in listing their environmental priorities is one of many other approaches for "Environment Education" programs. Globally, such methods have proven to be effective and resulted to widespread understandin
... Show MoreThe commercial job is one of the most important businesses in the cities as there is no city can exist without commercial markets to offer service to its inhabitants. This study aims to distribute the commercial function in Abu Tayara Street located in the municipality of Al-Dora by highlighting the size of such businesses in this street. It focuses on analyzing the change that has occurred due to the usages of the commercial land not only in the residential areas, but also in various aspects associated with the growth of the population in the city. Both expansion and development of the economic and social aspects in the area have increased the demand for commercial services. So, the research focuses on the aspects of functional speciali
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