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Assessment Of Her-2/Neu Gene Amplification Status by Chromogenic in Situ Hybridization in Breast Cancer Patients with Equivocal 2+ Her-2/Neu Immunostaining and Its Relation to The Clinic Pathological Parameters

background: human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (her2/neu) is related to growth factor receptors with alkaline kinase activity and it is regarded as important prognostic and therapeutic factor that can depended on in breast cancer therapy. HER2/neu expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is submitted to a great in terob server inconsistency. Subsequently additional confirmatory tests for assessment of gene alterations and amplification status are needed for patients with early or metastatic breast cancer. In situ hybridization techniques and specifically Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) was arise as a practical, cost-effective, and alternative to fluorescent in situ hybridization in testing for gene alterationAims of the study: was to determinate her2/neu gene amplification in (27) breast cancer cases with equivocal her2/neu (2+) detected by IHC by using dual-color chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) method and to compare the results with clinic-pathological parameters of those patients like age, stage, grade, ER, PR and ki-67.Methods: twenty seven breast-cancer cases with equivocal HER2-IHC(2+) test results were prospectively collected and reanalyzedusing dual-color CISH (Zyto- Vision) detection kit for further identification of her2/neu gene amplification.Results: Cases with equivocal staining for her2/neu were about 27 cases; these cases were involved in chromogenic in situ hybridization technique to determine the status of her2/neu gene. After CISH study 12(44.4%)cases show her2/neu gene amplification (her2/neu/CEN17 ratio > 2.2).In15 (55.5%) cases out of 27 cases, no amplification of the HER2 gene was shown (her2/neu/CEN17 ratio <1.8).Conclusions: A significant proportion of patients with equivocal IHC(2+) test results show amplification of the HER2 gene by ISH.CISH method has the advantage of diagnosis of gene amplification and revealing tissue histopathology under light microscope.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2022
Journal Name
Nasaq Journal
Lingual Sovereignty: Chinua Achebe’s Novel Things Fall Apart A Postcolonial Study

The discourse surrounding lingual sovereignty within the African postcolonial context is profoundly intertwined with the fabric of cultural identity and self-determination. Language serves not merely as a conduit for communication but as a repository for a people's collective consciousness, encapsulating their traditions, thoughts, and perspectives. In the realm of postcolonial literature, this dialogue often grapples with the paradox of expressing indigenous narratives through the linguistic tools of former colonizers. Chinua Achebe's seminal work, "Things Fall Apart," exemplifies this conundrum, artfully weaving the orature and culture of Umuofia within the English language. Achebe's choice to write in English—a language imposed upon hi

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
جدلية جدليّة العقل والنّقل وعلاقتهما بالاستدلال مسائل الاعتقاد بين مدرستي أهل الحديث والأشاعرة: - عرض ومناقشة

This research highlights one of the most important issues that have been controversial between Islamic schools, which is the duality of Intellect  and Revelation and the nature of their relationship, in two core points:

The first point: Could there be a real conflict between Intellect  and revelation? While the school of hadith view that this assumption is a rational assumption that does not real as long as the revelation is correct and the Intellect  is clear, and that what is claimed are due to other Intellect s, we find that the Ash’ari school adopts the saying that the real conflict may occur, but rather confirms its occurrence.

The second point: For whom is the priority, for the Intellect  or th

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2015
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Hexapod Robot Static Stability Enhancement using Genetic Algorithm

Abstract

Hexapod robot is a flexible mechanical robot with six legs. It has the ability to walk over terrain. The hexapod robot look likes the insect so it has the same gaits. These gaits are tripod, wave and ripple gaits. Hexapod robot needs to stay statically stable at all the times during each gait in order not to fall with three or more legs continuously contacts with the ground. The safety static stability walking is called (the stability margin). In this paper, the forward and inverse kinematics are derived for each hexapod’s leg in order to simulate the hexapod robot model walking using MATLAB R2010a for all gaits and the geometry in order to derive the equations of the sub-constraint workspaces for each

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 30 2023
Journal Name
Basrah Journal Of Surgery
Can Hyaluronic acid gel enhance wound healing faster than Advanced Platelets Rich Fibrin following surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars? A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 11 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Analytic Solutions For Integro-Differential Inequalities Using Modified Adomian Decomposition Method

   This paper applies the Modified Adomian Decomposition Method (MADM) for solving Integro-Differential Inequality, this method  is one of effective to construct analytic approximate solutions for linear and nonlinear integro-differential inequalities without solving many integrals and transformed or discretization. Several examples are presented, the analytic results show that this method is a promising and powerful for solving these problems.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 05 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
On Semi-p-Compact Space1

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new type of compact spaces, namely semi-p-compact spaces which are stronger than compact spaces; we give properties and characterizations of semi-p-compact spaces.

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2024
Journal Name
المجلة العلمية لعلوم وفنون الرياضة
العلاقة بين طول الذراع وبعض المتغيرات البايوكينماتيكية في سباحة الفراشة (50 متر) لسباحي المنتخب الوطني

Competitive swimming is a highly researched area and technological developments have aided advances in the understanding of the biomechanical principles that underpin these elements and govern propulsion. Moreover, those working in the sports field especially in swimming are interested in studying, analyzing, evaluating and developing motor skills by diagnosing the strengths and weaknesses of the skill, and accordingly, coaches and specialists correct these errors. The researchers chose this (Butterfly swimming) and the (arm length) is an important variable because the success of the stroke is greatly dependent on the propulsion generated from the arm pull, and swimmers with a longer arm span have a mechanical advantage with the resulting f

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 24 2018
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Very High Q-Factor Based On G-Shaped Resonator Type Metamaterial Absorber

High Q-factor based on absorption can be achieved by tuning (the reflection and the transition percentage). In this work, the simple design and simulated in S-band have been investigated. The simulation results of G-shape resonator are shown triple band of absorption peaks 60%, 91.5%, and 70.3%) at resonance frequency 2.7 GHz, 3.26 GHz, and 4.05 GHz respectively. The results exhibited very high of the Q-factor ( 271 ) at resonance frequency ( 3.26 GHz ).  The high Q-factor can be used to enhance the sensor sensing, narrowband band filter and  image sensing.

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2020
Journal Name
Plant Archives
Land cover change detection using satellite images based on modified spectral angle mapper method

This research depends on the relationship between the reflected spectrum, the nature of each target, area and the percentage of its presence with other targets in the unity of the target area. The changes occur in Land cover have been detected for different years using satellite images based on the Modified Spectral Angle Mapper (MSAM) processing, where Landsat satellite images are utilized using two software programming (MATLAB 7.11 and ERDAS imagine 2014). The proposed supervised classification method (MSAM) using a MATLAB program with supervised classification method (Maximum likelihood Classifier) by ERDAS imagine have been used to get farthest precise results and detect environmental changes for periods. Despite using two classificatio

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Scopus
Publication Date
Sun May 17 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
دراسة تحليلية مقارنة، لبعض المتغيرات الكينماتيكية، في أداء مهارة(Nick shot) الأمامية العكسية، بين لاعبي المنتخب العراقي والمصري، للشباب في الإسكواش

هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على مستوى استخدام إدارة المعرفة و تكنولوجيا المعلومات لدى القيادات الإدارية تُعدّ لعبة الإسكواش من الألعاب الفردية، وواحدة من ألعاب المضرب، والتي تمتاز بالسرعة والحركة الدائمة في داخل القاعة، ولعل أهم ما يميز هذه اللعبة المتعة التي يشعر بها اللاعبون الممارسون لها، لأنها تجبر ممارسيها على الحركة المستمرة عن طريق تبادل لعب الكرة، وتتميز بالتحدي المباشر، وتتطلب اليقظة والحرص وال

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