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The Water Footprint and Virtual Water and Their Effect on Food Security in Iraq
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Abstract<p>The study aimed to explaining the concepts of water footprint and virtual water and how these two concepts could use to achieve water savings at the local level to meet the water supply deficit in Iraq, which is expected to increase in the coming years and influence of that on food security in Iraq by using these concepts when drawing production, irrigated and import plans in Iraq. The study aimed to studying the water footprint and virtual water and their impact on the foreign trade for wheat and rice crops during the period 2000-2022 and estimating the most important indicators of virtual water and the water footprint of the study crops due to the importance of these criteria in determining the amount of increase or decrease in the area of the studied crops, according to the foreign trade policy. This study was concluded that the average total water footprint of the wheat and rice crops during the study period is (20.27,13.89) billion m3 respectively, and the average percentage of dependence on external water resources for both crops are (20.49%,67.98%) respectively, and the average percentage of self-sufficiency in water resources are (79.51%,32.01%) respectively, and the average unit productivity of irrigation water for both crops is (0.19,0.10) kg/m3 respectively during 2000-2022.The average for the water needs of wheat and rice crops during the study period were (6.04,10.19) m3/kg respectively, the average amounts of water used in local production for both crops are (14.23,4.01) billion m3 respectively, the average amounts of virtual water imported for both crops are (6.19,10.03) billion m3 respectively, and the average value of the imported virtual water for both crops is (382,529) thousand dollars during the period 2000-2022. The study recommended to taking in account these concepts in plans of production and distributing irrigation water.</p>
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Effectiveness of an education program for Caregivers Knowledge Related to Management of Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency in Outpatient Endocrine Clinics
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Objectives: The study aims to assess and evaluate the caregivers  knowledge  about management of the children with growth hormone deficiency and to find out the relationship between caregivers kowledge and caregivers age, gender, number of individual in house hold, Date of treatment started ,Caregivers level education and economic status Methodology: Quazi expermental study design was carried out at (Child's Central Teaching Hospital, Medical City of Al Imamian Al Khadhmain Teaching Hospital, and National Centre for Treatment and Research of Diabetes,Specialized Center for Endocrine Diseases and Diabetes, and Department of Medical City Children Welfare Teaching Hospital started  from 

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Publication Date
Tue May 06 2014
Journal Name
Plos One
Gastroprotective Activity of Ethyl-4-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylidene) Amino]benzoate against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Ulcer in Rats
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The study was carried out to determine the cytotoxic, antioxidant and gastro-protective effect of ethyl-4-[(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzylid ene)amino] benzoate (ETHAB) in rats.

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 30 2024
Journal Name
International Review Of Electrical Engineering (iree)
Enhancing Efficiency in Distribution Power Networks by Power Factor Controlling of Renewable Energy Generators: a Case Study of Iraqi Wasit Network
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Integrating Renewable Energy (RE) into Distribution Power Networks (DPNs) is a choice for efficient and sustainable electricity. Controlling the power factor of these sources is one of the techniques employed to manage the power loss of the grid. Capacitor banks have been employed to control phantom power, improving voltage and reducing power losses for several decades. The voltage sag and the significant power losses in the Iraqi DPN make it good evidence to be a case study proving the efficiency enhancement by adjusting the RE power factor. Therefore, this paper studies a part of the Iraqi network in a windy and sunny region, the Badra-Zurbatya-11 kV feeder, in the Wasit governorate. A substation of hybrid RE sources is connected to this

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Dentistry
Bond Strength Survival of a Novel Calcium Phosphate-Enriched Orthodontic Self-Etching System after Various Ageing Protocols: An In Vitro Study
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Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the orthodontic bond strength and enamel-preserving ability of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticles-containingself-etch system following exposure to various ageing methods. Materials and Methods. Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) were incorporated into an orthodontic self-etch primer (SEP, Transbond™ plus) in three different concentrations (5%, 7%, and 9% wt) and tested versus the plain SEP (control) for shear bond strength (SBS), adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores, and enamel damage in range-finding experiments using premolar teeth. The best-performing formulation was further exposed to the following four artificial ageing methods: initial debonding, 24 h water storage, one-month water stora

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2023
Journal Name
Studies In Systems, Decision And Control
Gap Analysis by Readiness Review Including Online Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic Period for Engineering Programs at the College of Engineering—University of Baghdad
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Publication Date
Fri Oct 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Accounting measurement of intangible assets (websites) within the framework of international financial reporting standards An applied study between a sample of Iraqi commercial banks)
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The websites over time have become one of the important tools for communication between individuals among themselves and between individuals and economic units, and they have emerged as one of the important intangible assets to achieve income, as they have become a competitive tool and a marketing outlet for these units and a main means of communication that it uses to exercise its various major activities and achieve potential economic benefits. Therefore, there was a need to measure and display the value of these sites in the financial statements as intangible assets.  Accordingly, the purpose of the research was to determine the costs of the websites owned by the economic unit by way purchase and sites that were created i

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 10 2017
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Relation of Results to Objectives of Media Research – an Evaluative: Study of Research of al-Baath al-iilami Journal from 2007 to 2016
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The main idea of this research is that the researcher believes that media research remains useless unless its goals and results are achieved by using the correct scientific tools. The researcher chooses 100 research papers of about 35% of the published ones, 10 of them are excluded because they are outside media. We use a simple and randomized sample including the three departments of media: journalism, television and radio journalism and public relations. The researcher adopts statistical methods such as Fay coefficient, correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient and straight line equation.
The researcher uses an analytical form followed by analysis of content, them the scale. The results are found in 58 researches, w

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 19 2022
Journal Name
Gynecology And Obstetrics Case Report
A Case Report of Intrauterine Fetal Death with Three Loops of Umbilical Cord around Neck, Keratin Hair Treatment during Pregnancy Could be the Cause
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of re-engineering to achieve effective performance level of Ministry of electricity operations/an applied study of process reengineering clean solar cells
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 The study is dealing with an application reengineering process clean solar cells in the Ministry of electricity,  as aimed at the possibility of the applicability and impact of re-engineering to achieve the level of performance of the Ministry's operations, with the application of the cleaning process  solar cells, developed, improved and found a correlation, statistically significant effect between variable re-engineering and performance as well as the application of process reengineering clean solar cells:1- Before the re-engineering process the total time for cleaning up and solar cell 20 minutes and number of columns performed per day 24 columns and total  columns750 which were completed per month that re

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Study affects Pulse Parameters versus cavity length for both Dispersion Regimes in FM mode locked.: Bushra.R.Mhdi|Gaillan H.Abdullah|Mohand M.Azzawi|Nahla.A.Hessin|Basher.R.Mhdi
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To demonstrate the effect of changing cavity length for FM mode locked on pulse parameters and make comparison for both dispersion regime , a plot for each pulse parameter as Lr function are presented for normal and anomalous dispersion regimes . The analysis is based on the theoretical study and the results of numerical simulation using MATLAB. The effect of both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes on output pulses is investigate Fiber length effects on pulse parameters are investigated by driving the modulator into different values. A numerical solution for model equations using fourth-fifth order, Runge-Kutta method is performed through MATLAB 7.0 program. Fiber length effect on pulse parameters is investigated by driving th

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