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The Water Footprint and Virtual Water and Their Effect on Food Security in Iraq
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Abstract<p>The study aimed to explaining the concepts of water footprint and virtual water and how these two concepts could use to achieve water savings at the local level to meet the water supply deficit in Iraq, which is expected to increase in the coming years and influence of that on food security in Iraq by using these concepts when drawing production, irrigated and import plans in Iraq. The study aimed to studying the water footprint and virtual water and their impact on the foreign trade for wheat and rice crops during the period 2000-2022 and estimating the most important indicators of virtual water and the water footprint of the study crops due to the importance of these criteria in determining the amount of increase or decrease in the area of the studied crops, according to the foreign trade policy. This study was concluded that the average total water footprint of the wheat and rice crops during the study period is (20.27,13.89) billion m3 respectively, and the average percentage of dependence on external water resources for both crops are (20.49%,67.98%) respectively, and the average percentage of self-sufficiency in water resources are (79.51%,32.01%) respectively, and the average unit productivity of irrigation water for both crops is (0.19,0.10) kg/m3 respectively during 2000-2022.The average for the water needs of wheat and rice crops during the study period were (6.04,10.19) m3/kg respectively, the average amounts of water used in local production for both crops are (14.23,4.01) billion m3 respectively, the average amounts of virtual water imported for both crops are (6.19,10.03) billion m3 respectively, and the average value of the imported virtual water for both crops is (382,529) thousand dollars during the period 2000-2022. The study recommended to taking in account these concepts in plans of production and distributing irrigation water.</p>
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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Government slogans and the reflection of visual identity in their designs
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There is no doubt that development is a human necessity and an urgent technical imperative that science imposes on all aspects of societal life. Especially in the field of graphic design, as logos are among the most prominent graphic achievements of an interactive nature with the requirements of the technical and functional era to serve the recipient and the continuity of interaction with him through a visual message sent to him constantly to remind him of what he interacted with in advance, which is known as visual identity, and during the process of developing logos especially And by providing designs that suit the contemporary technical and functional development, we often see the logo lose its visual identity. Therefore, the research

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Timings of people and their significance in the Koran: (Objective study)
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We try through this research to show the relationship between the crescent and the month in the Koran, and then their importance and their relationship to timing, and the timing of this relationship with people, and the significance of these timings, so we gathered verses that spoke about the family and the month, and we tried to study them in a detailed objective study, so this came The research of five subjects was the first topic introductory research and the time and month, while the remaining four detectives on the verses that talked about the timing of the month, and we have explained the relationship of this timing with people and the significance of these times.

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 31 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Political Science
Terrorist organizations employ technological development to threaten international security and stability
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Technological development intersects with terrorism to a large extent, beyond the use of the Internet and social media, in order to spread ideas, obtain support and financing, and recruit new elements, to the area of tactics and techniques of terrorist attacks, and everything related to the arsenal of terrorist weapons in the present and future, while technology offers many benefits. In various fields, and contribute to achieving multiple gains for humanity, they provide extremist and terrorist organizations and elements with a set of weapons and means through which they attempt to bypass monitoring and control efforts and the restrictions imposed on the use of weapons. They also help in planning and implementing their terrorist operations,

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The effect of progressive income tax on inflation in Iraq for the period from 1995 to 2020 : applied research
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                Inflation is one of the important issues that the economic authorities in all countries of the world care about, where the loss of money for its function is one of the most important and largest inflationary effects that this phenomenon leaves on the economy, and Iraq, like other countries, has had its share of the problem of inflation for a long time due to the circumstances that He went through it, whether it was the wars he fought or the economic blockade that was imposed on him in the nineties of the last century. Economically, the problem of inflation is addressed through the use of fiscal policy tools, including tax increases in order to abso

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2012
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
EFFECT OF LAND DEGRADATION DEGREE ON THE LAND COVER TYPE USING GIS TECHNOLOGY IN THE WEST OF BAGHDAD/IRAQ
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In this study is the phenomenon of desertification risk assessment in the Abu Ghraib area west of Baghdad/Iraq, which has an area of about (384.168 km 2), that the annual mean temperature is more than (22 C). Rainfall was low, ranging from the (200 mm) per year for Iraq and (2.82) mm per year of the study area* temperature is high and evaporation is also high (mm 7.73) per year*, so the climate in general of the dry type and the system of soil moisture is the kind of Aridic (Torric). To this study was to identify three indicators to monitor for the period from 2001-2005 using GIS and these indicators are (soil, groundwater and the nature of land use), using ArcGIS 9.1. The results showed that the risk of desertification was part of the leve

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 17 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The effect of progressive income tax on inflation in Iraq for the period from 1995 to 2020 : applied research
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                Inflation is one of the important issues that the economic authorities in all countries of the world care about, where the loss of money for its function is one of the most important and largest inflationary effects that this phenomenon leaves on the economy, and Iraq, like other countries, has had its share of the problem of inflation for a long time due to the circumstances that He went through it, whether it was the wars he fought or the economic blockade that was imposed on him in the nineties of the last century. Economically, the problem of inflation is addressed through the use of fiscal policy tools, including tax increases in order to abso

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 07 2014
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A Study Of Corrosion Inhibition Of Low Carbon Steel In Washing Water Of Crude Oil Solution In The Presence Of Folic Acid
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The corrosion behavior of low carbon steel in washing water of crude oil solution has been studied potentiostatically at five temperatures in the range (30–70)°C .The corrosion potential shifted to more negative values with increasing temperature and the corrosion current density increased with increasing temperature. Folic acid had on inhibiting effect on the corrosion of low carbon steel in washing water at a concentration (5× 10-4-- 5× 10-3 ) mol/dm3 over the temperature range (30–70)°C. Values of the protection efficiency were calculated from the corrosion current density .From the general results for this study, it can be seen that thermodynamic and kinetic function were also calculated (?G, ?S, ?H and Ea )

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Publication Date
Fri May 15 2026
Journal Name
Network
Toward Efficient Virtual Cell-Based Topology Management and Adaptive Routing for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
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Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) play a vital role in ocean monitoring and exploration. However, harsh underwater conditions and frequent topology changes caused by node and sink mobility pose significant challenges for reliable routing. Conventional routing protocols that depend on global route reconstruction and static paths generate excessive control overhead and degrade performance in large-scale underwater environments. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient virtual cell-based mobile-sink adaptive routing (VC-MAR) protocol for UWSNs. The sensing field is logically partitioned into a three-dimensional grid of virtual cells, where a cell-gateway is elected in each cell to construct a low-overhead routing backbon

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 01 2015
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Identify trends of media students about satellite channels specialized and its role in the satisfaction of their wishes and develop their abilities
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This search is field research, which aims to explore the trends of students in media department toward specialized Satellite Channels and identify the knowledge capacity and its role in the development of their knowledge’s, represented by watching those channels as well as media students' habits exposed by those channels. As to the public is a key element in the process and substantive communication, the Sociological studies information on that article information is not complete its work, but that he was receiving from before receiving, and send every piece of information content in order to achieve a certain goal, therefore, is the future of receiving such information in order to achieve a particular goal, which is

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Communications In Mathematical Biology And Neuroscience
Chaos in the three-species Sokol-Howell food chain system with fear
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