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Environmental microcystin targets the microbiome and increases the risk of intestinal inflammatory pathology via NOX2 in underlying murine model of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Abstract<p>With increased climate change pressures likely to influence harmful algal blooms, exposure to microcystin, a known hepatotoxin and a byproduct of cyanobacterial blooms can be a risk factor for NAFLD associated comorbidities. Using both <italic>in vivo</italic> and <italic>in vitro</italic> experiments we show that microcystin exposure in NAFLD mice cause rapid alteration of gut microbiome, rise in bacterial genus known for mediating gut inflammation and lactate production. Changes in the microbiome were strongly associated with inflammatory pathology in the intestine, gut leaching, tight junction protein alterations and increased oxidative tyrosyl radicals. Increased lactate producing bacteria from the altered microbiome was associated with increased NOX-2, an NADPH oxidase isoform. Activationof NOX2 caused inflammasome activation as shown by NLRP3/ASCII and NLRP3/Casp-1 colocalizations in these cells while use of mice lacking a crucial NOX2 component attenuated inflammatory pathology and redox changes. Mechanistically, NOX2 mediated peroxynitrite species were primary to inflammasome activation and release of inflammatory mediators. Thus, in conclusion, microcystin exposure in NAFLD could significantly alter intestinal pathology especially by the effects on microbiome and resultant redox status thus advancing our understanding of the co-existence of NAFLD-linked inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes in the clinic.</p>
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Publication Date
Thu Mar 02 2023
Journal Name
East European Journal Of Physics
Investigation of the Impact of Glass Waste in Reactive Powder Concrete on Attenuation Properties for Bremsstrahlung Ray
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Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) is one of the most advanced recent high compressive strength concrete. This work explored the effects of using glass waste as a fractional replacement for fine aggregate in reactive powder concrete at levels of 0%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. Linear and mass attenuation coefficients have been calculated as a function of the sample's thickness and bremsstrahlung energy. These coefficients were obtained using energy selective scintillation response to bremsstrahlung having an energy ranging from (0.1-1.1) MeV. In addition, the half-value thickness of the samples prepared has been investigated. It was found that there is a reversal association between the attenuation coefficient and the energy of the bremsstrahlu

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 30 2008
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
A Quantitative Analysis of the Mixing of Three Solids Different in Density by an Air Fluidized Bed
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Three cohesionless free flowing materials of different density were mixed in an air fluidized bed to study the mixing process by calculating performance of mixing index according to Rose equation (1959) and to study the effect of four variables (air velocity, mixing time, particle size of trace component and concentration of trace component) on the mixing index and as well as on mixing performance. It was found that mixing index increases with increasing the air velocity, mixing time and concentration of trace component until the optimum value. Mixing index depends on the magnitude of difference in particle size The first set of experiments (salt then sand then cast iron) give higher mixing index and better performance of mixing than the

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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2015
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
A study of the effect of smoking on pulmonary function tests in AL - Kindy teaching hospital, Baghdad
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ABSTRACTBackground: In Iraq smoking is a common habit in both the urban and rural areas. There are many respiratory diseases like chronic bronchitis, bronchial carcinoma and emphysema which are related to chronic tobacco smoking.Objectives: To study the effect of tobacco smoking on the respiratory system, to establish a correlation between chronic tobacco smoking and its effects on the parameters which were studied and to create awareness in tobacco smokers about the effects of tobacco on their healthMethod: In this study 100 male subjects, 50 chronic smokers and 50 non- smokers were assessed for their pulmonary function tests by using a computerized spirometer.Results: Almost all their respiratory parameters were significantly reduced.

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 07 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Optimization of Glutathione S-Transferase in the Sera of Young Female Iraqi Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type1
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This study was attempted to determine optimum conditions, for Glutathione s-Transferase enzyme, in sera of three groups diabetic patients type1 depending on duration of disease without complications compared with control group. The aim of this study was to find optimum conditions were determined such as (pH, Substrate Concentration, Temperature, Incubation time, Enzyme concentration, and effect of(0.15M)(0.25M) of mono divalent compounds). And to find the kinetics parameters in the three groups of diabetic patients when compared with control. It was found optimum pH(8.5,4.5,2.5,6.5).Temperatures(20cº,40cº,50cº,30cº). Incubation times (7min, 4min, 4min, 5min) substrate concentrations (12µl, 10µl, 5µl, 10µl) enzyme concentra

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2013
Journal Name
Al Mustansiriyah Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences
The influence of different concentrations of aqueous green tea extract on methotrexate induced haematological toxicity in rats
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Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid antagonist is widely used for the treatment of a variety of tumors. In the present study, the possible protective effect of aqueous green tea extract (AGTE) in methotrexate-induced haematotoxicity was investigated.Four main groups of white Albino rats were used: control group, (MTX) group, following a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p.) saline was administered for 5 days. (AGTE) group, was treated with 1.25% concentration of AGTE only for 12 days and the (MTX+AGTE) group, in thism group rats received different concentrations of AGTE (0.625, 1.25 and 2.5%), as their sole source of drinking water, 7days before and 5 days after MTX treatment. MTX induced significant decreases in RBC, Hb, Hct, WBC and pl

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 03 2015
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Aneurysmal bone cyst of the lateral end of clavicle in a twelfth year old girl Case study
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Introduction: An aneurysmal bone cyst are enigmatic lesion of unknown cause and presentation and are difficult to distinguish from other lesions, it is a benign, but expansible tumor like lesion that generally occurs in the long bones. An aneurysmal bone cyst arising from the flat bone like clavicle is rare . Case presentation: We report a 12-year-old girl child with an aneurysmal bone cyst of the lateral third of left clavicle treated with enblock resection. The pathologic findings confirmed the diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst. The patient has been followed up for one year with no evidence of recurrence . Conclusion: En bloc resection can be curative and provide good results for this rare type of clavicle tumour.

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Magazine Aldhakwat Albedh
The methodology of Ibn Mamati (d. 606 AH) in his book Laws of Diwans - A Civilizational Study
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The book The Laws of Duwan of Mamati's Son (T, 606 E) His approach to his narratives is a topic of historical and civilized importance. The Fatimid Age of the People of Jehovah has expanded its influence and authority, including ministers, writers, doughnuts and foreshores. One of the Christian families that shined in the late Fatmi era was "Mamati", who lived in "Assiut" from Upper Egypt, then moved to Cairo, and enrolled in the service of the Fatimids, where their sons held important positions in State offices.Ibn Mamati became in charge of the Army Office and then added to it the Finance Office, which became the most important downs in Egypt. Through his work in the Duwan Law Books, this book was a living record of the Dawawans in the Ay

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 29 2018
Journal Name
Construction Research Congress 2018
Consideration of Worker Safety in the Design Process: A Statistical-Based Approach Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
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Publication Date
Fri Jul 04 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Special Exercises for Developing Transitional Speed of Field Referees in Iraqi Soccer Primer League
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Publication Date
Tue Sep 19 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
Effects of Thyrotoxicosis on the Structure of Salivary Glands (Submandibular Glands) in Swiss Albino Mice (Mus musculus)
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The goal of this study  was intend to study the effects of induced

thyrotoxicosis on the histological structure of submandibular gland.

Two groups of mature albino mice wen: used, the first group was injected (subcutaneous) daily  with  (0.2_0.4)ml  norma] salinfor 11 days and used as control group, while the second group was injected daily wi th L_thyroxin (T4) 0.2mg /Kg (subcutaneous) for l l days.

At  the  end  of   the  treatment  , supmandibular  glands      were processed for light microscopic examination .

The result.s have shown the   presence of degenertaive changes of major submandibular acini cells in anima

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