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Impact of Thumb Sucking Habit on Eruption of Permanent Teeth and Intelligence Quotient Among Children in Karbala City, Iraq
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Background: There is a pronounced controversy regarding the dental and mental consequences of thumb sucking habit, which is a familiar nonnutritive pattern of sucking. Commonly, this behavior is harmless, yet those who sustain this pattern may have dental alterations and emotional difficulties. Children’s intelligence level influences their capabilities to judge, evaluate and handle priorities and/or problems profoundly and precisely. Thumb sucking habit might be a manner of liberating the psychological tenseness among several children. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of thumb sucking habit and its relation to the eruption of permanent teeth and IQ among children aged 6-7 years old. Subjects and methods: In Karbala city, Iraq, a cross-sectional study was performed through which an over-all of (1222) students at primary schools, 6-7 years old, were included. Questionnaires answered by the parents were used for collecting information regarding the presence of thumb sucking habit. All the students were examined clinically for the stage of eruption of their permanent teeth. Concerning the intelligence quotient (IQ) it was estimated by means of the colored progressive matrices of Raven’s test. Data was statistically analyzed utilizing SPSS version 21. Results: The present study revealed that the prevalence of the thumb sucking habit amongst the whole sample was (7.61%), it was more predominant in the below average IQ category of children (8.99%). Furthermore, it was found that children who practiced the habit had a delay in the eruption of their permanent teeth. Yet, these results showed no statistical significance. Conclusion: There is an association between thumb sucking habit in children, their intelligence level and the eruption of their permanent teeth, by which the habit was practiced more by children of below average category of intelligence and the eruption of permanent teeth among those who performed the habit was delayed however this result was not significant statistically. Key words: Intelligence quotient (IQ), Permanent teeth, Karbala, Thumb sucking

Publication Date
Sat Jan 13 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Zn(II) Removal from Wastewater by Electrocoagulation/Flotation Method using New Configuration of a Split-Plate Airlift Electrochemical Reactor
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In this paper, split-plate airlift electrochemical reactor as an apparatus with new configuration for wastewater treatment was provided. Two aluminum plates were fixed inside the reactor and present two functions; first it works as split plates for internal loop generation of the airlift system (the zone between the two plates acts as riser while the other two zones act as downcomer) and second it works as two electrodes for electrocoagulation process. Simulated wastewater contaminated with zinc ions was used to test the performance of this apparatus for zinc removal by studying the effect of different experimental variables such as initial concentration of zinc (50-800 ppm), electrical current density (2.67-21.4 mA/cm2), init

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 07 2010
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Kinetic studies of AST isoenzymes I,II,III,IV partially purified from patient,s urine with chroinc renal failure
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In this research, the kinetic studies of four isoenzymes of Asprtate aminotransferase, which partially purified from the urine of chronic renal failure patients were carried out .The four isoenzymes were obeyed Michaelis-Menton's equation and the optimum concentration of their substrate (Aspartic acid) was (166.5x10-3) mole/liter,and their Km values were determined. Four isoenzymesI,II,III,IV have shown an optimum pH at 7.4.The four isoenzymes obeyed Arrhenius equation up to 37º C and their Ea and Q10 constants were determined .

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Publication Date
Sun Nov 01 2020
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Materials Science And Engineering
Palm dates as a source for isolation of Aspergillus niger to produce citric acid by submerged fermentation; kinetics study
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Abstract<p>The study discussed here deals with the isolation of Aspergillus niger from palm dates, the formal and the most famous fruit in Iraq, to test and qualify this fungus isolate for its ability to produce citric acid. Submerged fermentation technique was used in the fermentation process. A.niger isolated from “Zahdi” Palme dates was used in the study of the fermentation kinetics to get the production efficiency of citric acid. Kinetics of CA production via fermentation by A. niger S11 was evaluated within 432 h fermentation time and under submerged conditions of 11% (w/v) sucrose, 5% (v/v) inoculum size, pH 4, 30 °C and 150 rpm. The maximum citric acid produced was (37.116 g/l). Kine</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Detection of Methamphetamine using Nanobentonite as a Novel Solid Phase Extraction Column Matrix Assisted with Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectroscopy
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          This study was done to evaluate a new technique to determine the presence of methamphetamine in the hair using nano bentonite-based adsorbent as the filler of extraction column. The state of the art of this study was based on the presence of silica in the nano bentonite that was assumed can interact with methamphetamine. The hair used was treated using methanol to extract the presence of methamphetamine, then it was continued by sonicating the hair sample. Qualitative analysis using Marquish reagent was performed to confirm the presence of methamphetamine in the isolate.The hair sample that has been taken in a different period confirmed that this current developing method can be used to analyzed methamphetamine. This m

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Publication Date
Wed Nov 23 2022
Journal Name
Dental Hypotheses
Remineralization of Dentine Caries Using Moringa Oleifera Based Nano-Silver Fluoride: A Single-Blinded, Randomized, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial
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Publication Date
Fri Dec 01 2023
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
The Remediation of Congo Red-Contaminated Groundwater by using a Permeable Reactive Barrier Through Modified Waterworks Sludge MgAl-LDH
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This investigation aims to explore the potential of waterworks sludge (WS), low-cost byproduct of water treatment processes, as a sorbent for removing Congo Red (CR) dyes. This will be achieved by precipitating nano-sized (MgAl-LDH)-layered double hydroxide onto the surface of the sludge. The efficiency of utilizing MgAl-LDH to modify waterworks sludge (MWS) for use in permeable reactive barrier technology was confirmed through analysis with Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction. The isotherm model was employed to elucidate the adsorption mechanisms involved in the process. Furthermore, the COMSOL model was utilized to establish a continuous testing model for the analysis of contaminant transport under diverse conditions. A st

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2024
Journal Name
Case Studies In Chemical And Environmental Engineering
Optimization of photocatalytic process with SnO2 catalyst for COD reduction from petroleum refinery wastewater using a slurry bubble photoreactor
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Publication Date
Thu Apr 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Using Project Management Maturity Model to Evaluate Construction Sector -Organizations. Case Study at the Department of buildings - Karkh first
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The education sector suffers from many problems, including the scarcity of schools that can absorb the increasing number of students in light of the increasing population growth rate, as some regions suffer from a lack of opening of new schools or the expansion of existing schools to increase their capacity so that attention is required. The research sought to identify the level of maturity of project management at the research site (Building Department in Al-Karkh I/ Ministry of Education) Being responsible for educational projects and their implementation and to know that, the ten areas of the knowledge guide to project management PMBOK have been adopted according to the PM3 model (one of the models of maturity

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Compared of estimating two methods for nonparametric function to cluster data for the white blood cells to leukemia patients
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Abstract:                                        

   We can notice cluster data in social, health and behavioral sciences, so this type of data have a link between its observations and we can express these clusters through the relationship between measurements on units within the same group.

    In this research, I estimate the reliability function of cluster function by using the seemingly unrelate

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 15 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Surface Characterization of PEKK Modified by stron-tium –hydroxyapatite coating as implant material Via the magnetron sputtering Deposition technique
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Background: The best material for dental implants is polyetherketoneketone (PEKK). However, this substance is neither osteoinductive nor osteoconductive, preventing direct bone apposition. Modifying the PEKK with bioactive elements like strontium hydroxyapatite is one method to overcome this (Sr-HA). Due to the technique's capacity to provide better control over the coating's properties, RF magnetron sputtering has been found to be a particularly useful technique for deposition. Materials and methods : With specific sputtering conditions, the RF magnetron technique was employed to provide a homogeneous and thin coating on Polyetherketoneketone substrates.. the coatings were characterized by Contact angle, adhesion test, X-ray

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