Amaranthus viridis (F. Amaranthaceae), usually known as slender amaranth. It is a multifunctional vegetable that grows in tropical and subtropical areas, sustaining stressful conditions, especially drought, producing a wide array of secondary metabolites: phenolics, terpenes, carotenoids and others, which are responsible for various therapeutic effects. Aerial parts were defatted with hexane, then the defatted residue was extracted in the Soxhlet using 80 % aqueous ethanol. Ethanolic extract was sequentially and repeatedly partitioned with solvents of different polarities: chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Then, the n-butanol fraction was hydrolyzed using reflex with 10 % aqueous HCl for 6 hrs. The unhydrolyzed and hydrolyzed n-butanol fractions were subjected to TLC and HPLC. The HPLC analysis was performed using three different eluents; eluent one composed of solvents A ( distilled water with 0.1 % glacial acetic acid) and solvent B ( acetonitrile with 0.1 % glacial acetic acid), eluent two, composed of solvent A (methanol: water: formic acid (10 : 88: 2 v/v)) and solvent B ( methanol: water: formic acid (90: 8: 2 v/v)) and eluent three, consisting of methanol and 0.40 % phosphoric acid (49:51, V/V). According to TLC and HPLC results, the intact n-butanol fraction was evaluated for its antioxidant and cytotoxic effects using DPPH and MTT assays. The study revealed the presence of rutin, hyperoside, quercitrin, apigenin and naringenin only before hydrolysis. While gallic, ferulic, syringic, kaempferol, p. p-coumaric, vanillic, salicylic, protocatechuic acid, myricetin, isorhamnetin, luteolin, vanillin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and quercetin were detected in both unhydrolyzed and hydrolyzed n-butanol fractions. In the DPPH assay, the intact n-butanol fraction showed slightly higher antioxidant activity than the ascorbic acid standard and a mild cytotoxic effect on the HRT-18 cell line with an IC50 equal to 302 µg/mL. In conclusion, prolonged hydrolysis time adversely affects the phenolic compound levels and a mild cytotoxic effect calls for further tests to confirm the anticancer potential.
In the leaves of Olea europaea L. Olive trees an endophytic fungus was discovered. Cladosporium sp. was identified to be the fungus based on its morphological characteristics and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequence analysis and was registered in NCBI as the Cladosporium genus has been registered under the number (0P939922.1) The species was not specified, and it was considered of unknown species after comparing it to global isolates. In comparison to olive leaf extract, Cladosporium sp. including total flavonoid, total phenolic, total terpenoid, and total saponins, Which were 121.9%, 198.1%, 89.13%, and 29.87 % respectively compared to its content in olive leaf extract, which was 61.54 %, 67.88 % , 17.1
... Show MoreMicroalgae present much usefulness for antimicrobial research because of its enormous biodiversity and rapid growth rate. From this study results it is reaveled that Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were isolated from a pond of water in the province of Diwaniyah. The culture supernatants were obtained when extracted with methanol solvent. Antimicrobial activity of extracts was tested for pathogens, and the best inhibition zone obtained was against Candida albicans (32mm), S.aureus (15mm), and to E.coli (9mm). While it showed no effect against both S.epidermidis and Klebsiella spp. Biofilm was formed by all tested isolates with differences in its strength formation. The C. reinhardtii
... Show MoreThe purpose of the present work is to calculate the expectation value of potential energy for different spin states (??? ? ???,??? ? ???) and compared it with spin states (??? , ??? ) for lithium excited state (1s2s3s) and Li- like ions (Be+,B+2) using Hartree-Fock wave function by partitioning techanique .The result of inter particle expectation value shows linear behaviour with atomic number and for each atom and ion the shows the trend ??? < ??? < ??? < ???
The increasing demand for durable and multifunctional separation materials necessitates polymer‐based coatings that combine mechanical robustness with high selectivity. This study aims to develop antibacterial oil/water separation systems that effectively address challenges posed by microorganisms, which can decrease filter effectiveness and impact overall separation efficiency. Metal meshes were coated with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), octadecanethiol (ODT), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) via spray coating using four formulations: TiO 2
The radial wave functions of the generalise dWoods–Saxon (GWS) potential within the two-body model of (Core + n) have been used to study the ground-state density distributions of protons, neutrons and matter and the associated root mean square (rms) radii of neutron-rich 14B, 22N, 23O and 24F halo nuclei. The calculated results show that the radial wave functions of the generalised Woods–Saxon potential within the two-body model succeed in reproducing neutron halo in these exotic nuclei. Elastic electron scattering form factors for these nuclei are studied by combining the charge density distributions with the plane-wave Born approximation (PWBA).
The rapid development of telemedicine services and the requirements for exchanging medical information between physicians, consultants, and health institutions have made the protection of patients’ information an important priority for any future e-health system. The protection of medical information, including the cover (i.e. medical image), has a specificity that slightly differs from the requirements for protecting other information. It is necessary to preserve the cover greatly due to its importance on the reception side as medical staff use this information to provide a diagnosis to save a patient's life. If the cover is tampered with, this leads to failure in achieving the goal of telemedicine. Therefore, this work provides an in
... Show MorePhytomedicine refers to the use of naturally derived products to cure and mitigate human conditions. Natural products have the advantages of causing minimum side effects, being biocompatible, available, and economical, with a wide array of biological activities. Reports have described the use of natural products with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties to treat oral conditions and promote wound healing. Moringa oleifera, known as the “drumstick” or “horseradish” tree, is believed to have medicinal properties regarding a range of medical conditions, though there is limited information on its use in oral medicine. This narrative review focuses on the use of Moringa extracts in the management of oral conditions, incl
... Show MoreAbstract Background: Timely diagnosis of periodontal disease is crucial for restoring healthy periodontal tissue and improving patients’ prognosis. There is a growing interest in using salivary biomarkers as a noninvasive screening tool for periodontal disease. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic efficacy of two salivary biomarkers, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and total protein, for periodontal disease by assessing their sensitivity in relation to clinical periodontal parameters. Furthermore, the study aimed to explore the impact of systemic disease, age, and sex on the accuracy of these biomarkers in the diagnosis of periodontal health. Materials and methods: A total of 145 participants were categorized into three groups based
... Show MoreA novel azo dye ligand namely (2-(pyridin-3-yldiazenyl)naphthalen-1-ol (HPYNA), was synthesized by the coupling reaction of diazonium salt of 3-aminopyridine with naphthol. The palladium(II) complex for HPYNA ligand was prepared by reacting palladium(II) ions with the HPYNA ligand. These synthesized compounds were characterized using different techniques, including mass, 1H-NMR, infrared, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The infrared results show that the azo ligand reacts as a bidentate via the oxygen atom of phenol and nitrogen atom of the azo group. The palladium(II) complex is square-planer with diamagnetic properties depending on the results of electronic transitions and magnetic sensitivity. The HPYNA ligand and palladium complex show
... Show MoreThis study aims to prepare new compounds and investigate them spectroscopically and biologically against selected types of positive and negative bacteria and fungi to demonstrate their biological effectiveness. The prepared ligand combining formaldehyde, indole, sulfa benzamide, and 2-mercapto benzimidazole, a Mannich base ligand (L) was synthesized. The six metal ions including Cobalt (II), Nickel (II), Copper (II), Palladium (II), Platinum (IV), and gold (III) have interacted with the ligand and formed new complexes. Different spectroscopic methods, including C.H.N.S., FTIR, UV- Range visible, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, mass spectra, magnetic moment, and molar conductivity were used to suggest the new geometry of the complexes. The resul
... Show More