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Numerical Simulation of Gas Lift Optimization Using Genetic Algorithm for a Middle East Oil Field: Feasibility Study
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<p>Gas-lift technique plays an important role in sustaining oil production, especially from a mature field when the reservoirs’ natural energy becomes insufficient. However, optimally allocation of the gas injection rate in a large field through its gas-lift network system towards maximization of oil production rate is a challenging task. The conventional gas-lift optimization problems may become inefficient and incapable of modelling the gas-lift optimization in a large network system with problems associated with multi-objective, multi-constrained, and limited gas injection rate. The key objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of utilizing the Genetic Algorithm (GA) technique to optimize the allocation of the continuous gas-lift injection rate in a network system of a Middle Eastern oil field with 43 gas-lift injected wells through numerical modelling and simulation studies. Reservoir pressure and water cut sensitivity studies are performed to investigate the potential impacts of these parameters on well production performance and production life cycle of the field. Sample economics analysis are exercised to broaden the understanding of potential benefit of the implementation gas lift techniques in the field from both technical and economic viewpoint.</p><p>In addition, while application of GA is not a new idea, this paper elaborates the GA based optimization techniques for improving the oil production rate by implementing gas lift in a large Middle Eastern oil field. The optimization model is presented step by step, so it can easily be followed, and be used as a guide, especially by frontline production engineers involved in designing and development of gas-lift system towards optimally allocation of gas injection rate to individual well in a network system for a field with limited gas injection rate.</p>
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Publication Date
Mon Feb 21 2022
Journal Name
Frontiers In Immunology
The Ability of Resveratrol to Attenuate Ovalbumin-Mediated Allergic Asthma Is Associated With Changes in Microbiota Involving the Gut-Lung Axis, Enhanced Barrier Function and Decreased Inflammation in the Lungs
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease highly prevalent worldwide. Recent studies have suggested a role for microbiome-associated gut–lung axis in asthma development. In the current study, we investigated if Resveratrol (RES), a plant-based polyphenol, can attenuate ovalbumin (OVA)-induced murine allergic asthma, and if so, the role of microbiome in the gut–lung axis in this process. We found that RES attenuated allergic asthma with significant improvements in pulmonary functions in OVA-exposed mice when tested using plethysmography for frequency (F), mean volume (MV), specific airway resistance (sRaw), and delay time(dT). RES treatment also suppressed inflammatory cytokines in the lungs. RES modulated lung microbiota and cause

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
L’imaginaire de l’épidémie dans La Peste d’Albert Camus et Le Choléra de Nazik al-Malaika The Imagination of Epidemic in Alber Kamo's Novel " Plague" and Nazik Al-Malaekah's poem "Cholera"
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The present study deals with the story of Epidemic in two literary works issued in the same year (1947). One of them is a novel titled "Plague" written by the French writer Alber Kamo, the second is a poem of the Iraqi poetess Nazik Al-Malaekah. The research reflects a contrastive study of the war vision in the two works as both writers used science to serve literature by using Epidemic as a metaphor to refer to the dangers that the societies faced.

The problem of the present research lies in answering the question about the reason that makes the two writers use metaphor while narrating the issues of the society instead of mentioning them directly and illuminate what implications do the narrative style of Epidemic story have and

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 07 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Feeling of Job Alienation and Its Relationship to Organizational Commitment among Free Lecturers in Secondary Schools: Imam Al-Kadhum College (peace be upon him ( Kindergarten and Special Education Department
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The current study aims to identify the feeling of job alienation and organizational commitment among free lecturers in secondary schools, as well as to identify the significance of the differences in the feeling of job alienation according to the gender and the significance of the differences in organizational commitment according to the gender. It also aims to identify the correlation between the feeling of job alienation and organizational commitment. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher developed two scales: one consisted of (24) items to measure the vacancy in job alienation and the other consisted of (24) items to measure the organizational commitment. The two tools were applied to a sample of (200) male and fem

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 30 2023
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Synthesis and characterization of 4-(((3-mercapto-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-4-yl)imino)methyl)-2-methoxyphenol and its complexes with Zr(IV), Cd(II) and Sn(II) ions
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A series of coordination compounds of Zr(IV), Cd(II) and Sn(II) ions with 4-(((3-mercapto-5-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-4-yl)imino)methyl)-2-methoxyphenol, as a ligand has been successfully prepared in alcoholic medium. The prepared complexes were characterized quantitatively and qualitatively by using: elemental analysis CHNS, FT-IR spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, 1H and 13CNMR, atomic absorption measurements, magnetic susceptibility, thermal analysis)TG and DTG) and conductivity measurements. This ligand coordinates as a bidentate that to the metal ions through sulphur and nitrogen of (azomethine group) atoms. According to the spectral data, Cd(II)- and Sn(II)-complexes have coordination of 6 with octahedral geometry while the Zr(I

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 29 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Marketing mix and its role in promoting the status of insurance companies in the customers mind: Exploratory comparative research between the Iraq public insurance company and the private insurance company
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The ability of insurance companies to achieve goals depends on their ability to meet customers' requirements, and this requires them to identify target markets and respond to needs and wishes of the markets, the skill is to convince the company to operate what is in the interest of the customer if he is convinced the customer service provided to him, he would repeat to deal with, and where the cost of maintaining existing customers is less than the cost of attracting new customers, the insurance companies that is working hard to maintain their customers, the more customer satisfaction with the services provided has increased loyalty and weakened the ability of competitors lured.

       &nbs

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2008
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and characterization of VO(II), Cr(III),Mn(II), Fe(II),Zn(II),Cd(II),Hg(II) and UO2(VI) complexes with ligands containing (ONO) and (ON) donor set atoms
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A new Schiff base o-hydroxybenzylidene-1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-amino-3-pyrazolin-5-on (HL) ,have been prepared and characterization.(HL) has been used as a chelating ligand to prepare a number of metal complexes VO(II) ,Cr(III) ,Mn(II),Fe(II),Hg(II) and UO2(II) .and mixed ligands complexes have been prepared between o-hydroxybenzylidene-1-phenyl-2,3-dimethyl-4-amino-3-pyrazolin-5-on and 8- hydroxy quinoline with VO(II),Zn(II),Cd(II), Hg(II) and UO2(II) the prepared complexes were isolated and characterized by (FT-IR)and (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. Elemental analysis (C.H.N) Chloride contents, Flame atomic absorption technique. in addition to magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurement. Molar ratio measurement in solution gave comparabl

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 05 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and characterization Studies of Metal Complexes with Schiff base derived from 4-[5-(2-hydoxy-phenyl)-[1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylimino methyl]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one
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New metal complexes of the ligand 4-[5-(2-hydoxy-phenyl)-[1,3,4- oxadiazol -2-ylimino methyl]-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-pyrazol-3-one (L) with the metal ions Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) were prepared in alcoholic medium. The Schiff base was synthesized through condensate of [4-antipyrincarboxaldehyde] with[2-amino-5-(2-hydroxy-phenyl-1,3,4- oxadiazol] in alcoholic medium . Two tetradentate Schiff base ligand were used for complexation upon two metal ions of Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ as dineucler formula M2L2.4H2O. The metal complexes were characterized by FTIR Spectroscopy, electronic Spectroscopy, elemental analysis, magnetic susceptidbility measurements, and also the ligand was characterized by 1H-NMR spectra, and m

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Publication Date
Mon May 08 2017
Journal Name
Research Journal Of Pharmaceutical, Biological And Chemical Sciences
Structure, Diagnosis, and in the Vitro Antimicrobial evaluation of 2-amino pyridine-derived Ligand Schiff base and its complexes with Cu (II), Hg (II), Ni (II), Mn (II) and Co (II
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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Egyptian Journal Of Chemistry
Structural, Characterization and Biological Activity of New Ligand N-(Pyrimidin-2-Yl Carbamothioyl) Acetamide and Its Complexes With (VO(II), Mn (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and Hg (II)
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New ligand of N-(pyrimidin-2-yl carbamothioyl)acetamide was synthesized and its complexes with (VO(II), Mn (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and Hg (II) are formed with confirmation of their structures on the bases of spectroscopic analyses. Antimicrobial activity of new complexes are studied against Gram positive S. aureus and Gram negative E. coli, Proteus, Pseudomonas. The octahedral geometrical structures are proved depending on the outcomes from the preceding procedures. Keywords: pyrimidin-2-amine, acetyl isothiocyanate, complexes, Antimicrobial activity

Publication Date
Tue Jun 07 2022
Journal Name
Egyptian Journal Of Chemistry
Structural, characterization and biological activity of new ligand N-(pyrimidin-2-yl carbamothioyl) acetamide and its complexes with (VO(II), Mn (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and Hg (II)
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New ligand of N-(pyrimidin-2-yl carbamothioyl)acetamide was synthesized and its complexes with (VO(II), Mn (II), Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and Hg (II) are formed with confirmation of their structures on the bases of spectroscopic analyses. Antimicrobial activity of new complexes are studied against Gram positive S. aureus and Gram negative E. coli, Proteus, Pseudomonas. The octahedral geometrical structures are proved depending on the outcomes from the preceding procedures

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