Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic skeletal disorder that is characterized by reduced bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue, with a consequent increase in bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture. The most frequent osteoporotic fractures are fractures of the hip, wrist, and spine. The exact causes of OP are still unknown; several factors contribute to the disorder. Subjects and Methods: This study consists of patient groups, this group (Group A) was composed of 80 postmenopausal women with OP and osteopenia and the patient group was subdivided into two group; First group (GroupA1) was composed of 50 postmenopausal women with OP and the second group (Group A2) composed of (30) Postmenopausal Women with oste

Quadrupole transition rates and effective charges are calculated for even-even Si,
S and Ar isotopes based on sd and sdpf -shell model spaces. Shell model
calculations are performed with sd shell-model space for neutron number (N) ≤ 20
and sdpf shell-model space for N > 20. Excitation out of major shell space are taken
into account through a microscopic theory which allows particle-hole excitation
from the core and model space orbits to all higher orbits with 2 excitation.
Effective charges are obtained for each isotope. The results show a systematic
increase in the B(E2) values for N 20. Shell model calculation predicts the erosion
of the N=28 magicity in the neutron rich 42Si. No clear indications abo

     Soil acts as a last sink for elements that people release into the environment through a range of activities due to its physiochemical characteristics. These substances, whether are organic or mineral pollutants, accumulate in the soil and constitute a significant risk to the ecosystem in general because they mess with the chemical and physical equilibrium of the soil, get into the food chain, and eventually get to people. When pollutant concentrations during the bioaccumulated process exceed the global standards for what is regarded as a contaminant in water, air, and soil. Nine soil samples were collected from different sites and two samples from each site at two depths (0-20 and 20-40 cm) to determine if there were any

      Autoimmune thyroid disease mainly includes Graves’ disease (GD) and autoimmune hypothyroidism (AIH), which is caused by individual genetics, autoimmune dysfunction, and a variety of external environmental factors. Interleukin IL-38 and IL- 40 are involved in a wide range of autoimmune diseases, but little is known about IL-38 and IL-40 expression in autoimmune thyroid disease. This research included 82 female patients with Graves' disease (GD), 78 females with autoimmune hypothyroidism (AIH), and 85 female healthy controls (HC). An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and sequencing of IL-38 and IL-40 were used to evaluate serum levels and gene polymorphism, respectively. Results showed

Purification of fifteen NaCl samples from natural and different area in the middle and south of Iraq are prepared  and studied the structural characteristics of samples by powder X-ray diffraction analysis at 𝛌=1.542Ã…. The present work considered the specific activities of naturally occurring radioactive materials in salt samples, which are measured and analyzed using high resolution HPGe system. Also, the radiological parameters have been considered in this work. The average specific concentration (in Bq.kg^-1) of the salt samples is found 16.864.92 for ²²⁶Ra, 5.972.05 for ²³²Th and 9.852.8 for ⁴⁰K, respectively, which are below the national levels, 40Bq.kg^-1, 30Bq.k

Failure in asphalt mixture and distress in pavement are major issues to roads infrastructure. Selecting an appropriate chemical composition of asphalt cement is a key component in avoiding these issues. This work aimed to investigate the effect of the chemical composition of different polar fractions on the rheological and physical properties of asphalt cement. Four types of asphalt cement with penetration grades of 20/30, 40/50, 60/70 and 85/100 were divided into four fractions. Complex shear modules, rutting resistance and rotational viscosity of the asphalt cement were determined by using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer and a Rotation Viscometer, respectively. The results show that an increase in the asphaltene content and Gastel index resulte

The study addressed the water ecosystems of the marshes of Maysan Governorate as one of the important areas in Iraq in terms of the environmental, economic and tourism aspects. This area was exposed to great environmental changes due to natural and human factors which greatly affected the water ecosystem and made the area susceptible to many problems that affected the biological life of living organisms. The marshes of Maysan Governorate was affected by vital factors and non-vital factors. The marshes of Maysan Governorate was characterized by the UN Organization as one of the most important centers of biodiversity in the world because of the abundance of different and rare living organisms such as birds, fish, and reptiles as well as the e

Drilling fluid properties and formulation play a fundamental role in drilling operations. The Classical water-based muds prepared from only the Syrian clay and water without any additives((Organic and industrial polymers) are generally poor in performance. Moreover, The high quantity of Syrian clay (120 gr / l) used in preparing drilling fluids. It leads to a decrease in the drilling speed and thus an increase in the time required to complete the drilling of the well. As a result, the total cost of drilling the well increased, as a result of an increase in the concentration of the solid part in the drilling fluid. In this context, our study focuses on the investigation of the improvement in drilling mud   Prepa

The Behavioral Disorders of Primary School pupils the son of Alcohol and Non Alcoholic