BACKGROUND: Enteric fever caused by Salmonella Typhi is an endemic disease in Iraq. Variations in presentations make it a diagnostic challenge. If untreated or treated inappropriately then it is a serious disease with potentially life-threatening complications. The recent emergence of drug resistant strains of S. Typhi is a rising public health problem and a clinical concern to the physician. AIM: The objectives of the study were to assess and describe the patterns of antimicrobial resistance, clinical characteristics, epidemiological distribution, and complications of typhoid fever. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty cases of typhoid fever (culture proven) were collected during the period from February 2019 to November 2019 in the medical wards of Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Detailed history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations were conducted and statistical analysis of the results was done, prospective observational study was conducted. RESULTS: During the study period, 50 cases of typhoid fever were documented, mean age of presentation was 30.7 ± 12.8, 60% of the cases were male gender, gastrointestinal complications were the most common (90%) followed by hematological complications (71%). Mortality of typhoid fever in our study was 2%. High percentage of resistance to third generation cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin was found (96%, 56%, and 56%, respectively) while good sensitivity to trimethoprim and meropenem was found (94% and 76%, respectively). Significant association was also found between the development of typhoid fever complications and the presence of anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, and eosinopenia. Significant association was also found between the complications and the infection with strains resistant to cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin. CONCLUSIONS: There is a concerning increase in resistance toward cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin, and azithromycin while meropenem and trimethoprim are emerging as effective drugs. There was high incidence of complications found (84%).Lymphopenia, anemia, eosinopenia, and thrombocytopenia are independent risk factors for the development of complications of typhoid fever.
Background: Hyperplastic polyps account for 30–93% of gastric polyps. Recently, there have been studies about the development of dysplasia in this type of polyp. Every cell in the body contains the p53 gene, which has anti-cancer properties. Objective: The sensitivity of immunohistochemical expression of p53 is evaluated among gastric hyperplastic polyps with and without dysplasia and gastric adenomatous polyps to know its usefulness as a diagnostic marker. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was done on fifty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks of gastric polyps (44 hyperplastic polyps without dysplasia, 3 hyperplastic polyps with dysplasia, and 3 adenomas). Cases were collected from the archives of the pathology d
... Show MoreIn this paper, some necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained to ensure the oscillatory of all solutions of the first order impulsive neutral differential equations. Also, some results in the references have been improved and generalized. New lemmas are established to demonstrate the oscillation property. Special impulsive conditions associated with neutral differential equation are submitted. Some examples are given to illustrate the obtained results.
In Present study, 25 clinical isolates of Proteus spp. of clinical samples, urine, wounds and burns collected from different hospitals in Baghdad city, all isolates were identified as Proteus mirabilis using different bacteriological media, biochemical assays and Vitek-2 system. It was found that 15 (60%) isolates were identifying as P. mirabilis. The susceptibility of P. mirabilis isolates to cefotaxime was 66.6 %, while to ceftazidime was 20%. Extended spectrum β-lactamses producing Proteus was 30.7 %. DNA of 5 isolates of P. mirabilis was extracted and detection for blaVEB-1 gene by using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results showed that the presence of this gene in all tested isolates, as an important indicator for increas
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic effectiveness of a buccal infiltration technique combined with local massage (using 2% lidocaine) in the extraction of mandibular premolars to be utilized as an alternative to the conventional inferior alveolar nerve block.
Patients eligible included any subject with a clinical indication for tooth extraction of the mandibular 1st or 2nd premolars. All patients were anesthetized buccally by local infiltration technique followed by an external pressure applied for 1 min directly over the injection area. In each case, another local
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by persistent joint inflammation, which is a defining feature of this chronic inflammatory condition. Considerable advancements have been made in the field of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic medicines (DMARDs), which effectively mitigate inflammation and forestall further joint deterioration. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) drugs, which are a class of biological DMARDs (bDMARDs), have been efficaciously employed in the treatment of RA in recent times Adalimumab, a TNF inhibitor, has demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing disease symptoms and halting disease progression in patients with RA. However, its use is associated with major side effects and high costs. In addition,
... Show MoreBackground : Coronary artery disease is theunderlying cause in approximately two thirds of
patients with systolic heart failure ;
Coronary artery angiogriphy may be useful to
define the presence ,
Anatomical characteristics ,and functional
significance of Coronary artery disease in
selected heart failure patients with or without signs
and aymptoms of Coronary artery disease.
Objectives: to verify the clinical usefulness of
coronary angiography (CA) in congestive heart
failure (CHF) patients with no history of ischemic
heart disease and to identify predictive factors for
performing coronary angiography to patients with
congestive heart failure with no obvious ischemia.
Methods :this is a cross-ses
The aim of this paper is to measure the characteristics properties of 3 m radio telescope that installed inside Baghdad University campus. The measurements of this study cover some of the fundamental parameters at 1.42 GHz. These parameters concentrated principally on, the system noise temperature, signal to noise ratio and sensitivity, half power beam width, aperture efficiency, and effective area. These parameters are estimated via different radio sources observation like Cas-A, full moon, sky background, and solar drift scan observations. From the results of these observations, these parameters are found to be approximately 64 K, 1.2, 0.9 Jansky, 3.7°, 0.54, and 3.8 m2 respectively. The parameters values have vital affect to quantitativ
... Show MoreIndustrial characteristics calculations concentrated on the physical properties for break down voltage in sf6, cf4 gases and their mixture with different concentrations are presented in our work. Calculations are achieved by using an improved modern code simulated on windows technique. Our results give rise to a compatible agreement with the other experimental published data.