Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common gastrointestinal malignancy and one of the top ten common cancers worldwide with approximately 2 million cases. There are multiple risk factors that could lead to CRC emergence; of which are genetic polymorphisms. Excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2) gene encodes for ERCC2 enzyme which plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic integrity by removing DNA adducts. Several studies suggested that there could be a link between genetic polymorphisms of ERCC2 gene and the risk of CRC development. Hence the present study aims to validate the relationship between the following ERCC2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs13181, rs149943175, rs530662943, and rs1799790) and CRC susceptibility. A total of 121 participants were enrolled in this case control study; 72 CRC patients and 49 apparently healthy individuals. CRC patients aged 56.34 ±11.89 years and 41 (56.9%) were males while control group were 53.20 ± 17.33 years and 26 (53.1%) of them are males. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Sanger sequencing then the association between genetic polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility was examined. GA genotype and A allele of rs149943175 were associated with lower risk of CRC development [OR 95% (CI)= 0.3 (0.1-0.88); P=0.02 and 0.4 (0.1-0.9); P=0.03 respectively]. However, GA genotype and A allele carriers of rs530662943 had significantly increased risk compared to GG genotype and G allele respectively [OR 95%(CI)= 5.17 (1.1-24.0); P=0.03 and 4.76 (1.0-21.6); P=0.04 respectively]. Additional stratified analyses showed that carriers of heterozygous genotype of rs149943175 who non-smokers, females or BMI figures less than 25 are less likely to develop CRC compared to wild genotype carriers. Taken together, genetic polymorphisms of ERCC2 modulate the susceptibility of CRC malignancy.
The study is carried out by using personal dosimeters (film badge). The films are irradiated to absorbed dose of range (0.01-10000 rad). The calibration curves are drawn by using the ordinary method taking into account the filtration effects in three regions (D (Pb/Sn),D(Du),D(300). The calibration films are stored in ambient condition. It is found that the optical density increases, which is attributed to the photodegradation of the films may induce localized states in the energy gap causing increasing in optical absorption, but optical density decreases, which attributed to the photodegradation of the films may cause some cracks at the film surface during the first month, whereas at the rest months we see clear stability in optical d
... Show MoreA statistical study was made to know the characteristics of Decametric (DAM) emission emitted from Jupiter's planet. These characteristics are the sporadic nature, time, type and the frequency. Period of 11 years was taken to study the first and year 2004 was taken to study the others. Data were provided from Radio Jove project, which gave information about the observer's location, date, time, type and the frequency. The results indicated that the DAM emission was sporadic, the time was between (00:01-05:31) hour, it was found that (Io-B) is the largest number, as compared with others , a large number emission occurred at frequency range (20-21) MHz. The results were compared with results of Radio Jove software, which indicated that the DAM
... Show MoreThis study was aimed to extract the effective material from the dry nests of termites and detect its antibacterial activity against some pathogenic bacterial isolates and inhibit synthesis of its biofilm. Termites dry nests were collected and the effective material was extracted then the antibacterial activity was detected using the disc diffusion assay. Results were showed that the extract have antibacterial material from the Termites dry nests, this extract showed antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) at (21.5mm) and Gram negative bacteria ( Enterobacter sp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) at (26 mm and 20 mm) respectively by inhibiting their growth, as well as its effect on biofilm production o
... Show MoreThe research aims to find out the effect of PEDODE Strategy on the acquisition of historical concepts of First Intermediate Grade. To achieve this goal, the researcher has put forward this zero hypothesis: There is no statistically significant difference at the level of (05,0) between the mean of the students' marks in the experimental group who study the history subject using PEDODE strategy and that of the students' marks in the control group who study the subject according to the traditional method in the post-testing on the acquisition of historical concepts. The sample of the study consists of (62 female-students) of First Intermediate Grade in the Directorate of Baghdad Education/ Karkh2nd for the academic year 2016-2017. The sampl
... Show MorePurpose: To contribute to the development of an appropriate program for the management of medical waste based on clear-cut principles in order to reach the overall goal of improving the public health and environment of the population in our country.
Design / Approach / Introduction: The research is based on the analytical descriptive approach as a method of study in the field of data collection using a check list and analysis of the data through the use of some statistical treatments.
Results: The need is to establish a medical waste management in hospitals and follow international standards in all stages of waste management from sorting, collection, transportation and treat
... Show MoreThe study aims (objective ) to clarify the concept of comprehensive income and its usefulness for users, as the study aims to clarify the relationship between the concept of comprehensive income and market value of the company where the measurement of comprehensive income after accounting for net income and by measuring the unrealized gains or losses in the value of securities available for sale, and measurement the unrealized gains or losses on futures contracts, which are financial derivatives, and measurement the unrealized gains or losses from the settlement of foreign currency translation (conversions), and measurement the impact on the market value of companies and of the present study to rise or fall of return on the stock
... Show MoreThe role of the climate in the development of the performance of the administrative bodies of sports clubs
The research is exposed to an important issue, related to communication obstacles that prevent the media message contained in cultural topics published in local newspapers to reach the hands of the readers; or related to lack of awareness of aspects of that media message, Because it contains immersed vocabulary in elitism where, sometime, the average reader of the newspaper of medium-sized educated, and even the academic reader are unable to decode it and understand its significance.
After determining the problem of the study and the tools that the researcher wants to use to accomplish his research, a sample of students of college of Arts at the University of Baghdad was selected. As they are clo
... Show MoreSince its invention by the Ancient Romans and later developed during the mid-18th century, the concrete structure and finish, has been considered as the most powerful, practical, economic and constructional material that meets the building’s architectural and aesthetical requirements. By creating unique architectural forms, the pioneer architects used concrete widely to shape up their innovative designs and buildings.
The pre-mixed ultra-high performance concrete which manufactured by Lafarge.
The transparent concrete and cement that allow the light beams to pass through them, introduces remarkable well-lit architectural spaces within the same structural criteria. This product is a recyclable, sustainab
... Show MoreBackground: Temporomandibular joint disorders refer to a group of heterogeneous pain and dysfunction conditions involving the masticatory system, reducing life quality of the sufferers. Arthrocentesis is simple and less invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of internal derangement than arthroscopy and better than other conservative procedures such as drugs, occlusal appliances and physiotherapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of arthrocentesis with injection of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of internal derangement of temporomandibular joint for the restoration of its function, reducing pain and preventing further deterioration of the temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Materials and methods: This study was perfo
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