Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) antagonists’ therapy are expensive and has a non-responsive rate between 30% to 40% in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Genetic variation plays a vital role in the responsiveness to this type of therapy.The aim of this study is to investigate if the presence of genetic polymorphism in the TNF-α gene promoter region at locations -376 G/A (rs1800750), -806 C/T (rs4248158), and -1031 T/C (rs1799964) affects rheumatoid arthritis patient's tendency to be a non-responder to etanercept.

Eighty RA patients on etanercept (ETN) for at least six months were recruited from the Rheumatology Unit at Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Based on The European League Against Rheumatism response (EULAR) criteria, patient

Orthodontic education, besides some other factors, influences the confidence level of recently graduated dentists to diagnose subjects seeking orthodontic treatment and provide treatment plans. This study aims to explore the factors that influence the confidence level of undergraduate dental students to diagnose subjects seeking orthodontic treatment and provide treatment plans after graduation.

Objectives: The aim of this study to assess instructional labor support behaviors among laboring
women in teaching hospitals in Hilla city.
Methodology: A descriptive analytic study was concluded to select a sample purposely of one hundred
multipara laboring women in maternity hospital in Hilla city and data was collected through
questionnaire form during February (1
st to March 30th) 2014. A descriptive statistical method was used
to analyze the data.
Results: The result showed that the highest percentage of study sample was at age (20-24) years, most
of them was house wife, more than third graduate from primary school, and more than half of them
lived in rural area, (86%) of study sample delivered normal deli

Background: disruptive behavioral disorders among primary school children is oone of the most popular, which has  negative social, psychological, educational, and physical repercussions on children and families. Objective: This study sought to determine effect disruptive behavioral disorders quality of learning among school chil dren. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design study was conducted at Baquba primary schools in Diyala Governorate,  and the study period was extended from October 6th, 2024, to January 15th, 2025. A nonprobability purposive sample was  used to include 275 teachers working at selected Baquba primary schools, Iraq. Data were collected using a self-admin istered questionnaire, two components of the st

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most prevalent systemic inflammatory diseases worldwide. Cardiac complications present the most common mortality cause among RA patients. One of the most important comorbid conditions with RA is diabetic hyperglycemia mainly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aim of the study: The present study was conducted to assess prevalence of T2DM among patients diagnosed with RA from Iraq. Methodology: We included a randomly selected 100 rheumatoid arthritis. All included patients were subjected to anthropometric measurements, diabetic profile assessment and ESR, CRP and rheumatoid factor measurement. Results: Among the included RA patients, 28 patients were diagnosed with new-onset DM. Our

Background: Although the issue of anemia after renal transplantation (RT) has received increasing attention lately, the data on the exact prevalence of post-transplantation anemia (PTA) in the Iraqi patients are limited. Objective: In this study we sought to determine the prevalence of PTA among Iraqi patients and to correlate the renal allograft function measurements and the use of immunosuppressant with the prevalence of anemia. Patients and Methods: One hundred and twelve (74 male, 38 female) kidney transplant recipients (KTR) attending the kidney transplant center at surgical specialties hospital were studied. All patients were on maintenance, combined immunosuppressive therapy. The renal function tests [blood urea, serum cre

AA Noaimi, IRAQI JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE, 2013 - Cited by 1

Background: The prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is rising in Iraq. Adherence to medications among SLE patients remains a significant problem, and nonadherence can lead to decreased quality of life (QoL) and poor disease outcomes. Objectives: To determine the efficacy of pharmacist interventions in enhancing medication adherence, QoL, and self-efficacy among SLE patients. In addition, to assess the influence of pharmacist intervention on the uptake and willingness to take the flu vaccine among patients with SLE. Methods: A pharmacist intervention study was conducted at the Rheumatology Unit in Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Participants obtained educational counseling and a self-assembled booklet. Each patient p

المقدمة :يعد سرطان المثانة من بين أكثر أنواع السرطانات انتشارًا في جميع أنحاء العالم، حيث تم الإبلاغ عن 549,393 حالة جديدة في عام 2018 وما يقرب من ٪3 من جميع تشخيصات السرطان الجديدة و ٪2.1 من جميع وفيات السرطان ناتجة عن سرطان المثانة البولية. الاهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى استكشاف كفاءة وظائف الجهاز البولي بواسطة اجراء اختبارات وظائف الكلى ومستويات الايونات لمرضى سرطان المثانة. المنهجية: تم تحديد جميع الافراد الم

  The research aims to know The Effect Of Flexible Grouping Strategy  and Three Step Interview strategy on achievement of the history material among student of the first literary class, The Researcher used the experimental design of the two experimental groups and the control group and with post test, researcher group (a) represent the experimental group taught according the Flexible Grouping Strategy  , and Division (c) to represent the second experimental group which studied according Three Step Interview strategy and Division (b ) to represent the control group taught in the traditional method, the number of students (99) students of (33) female students in each division. T