Social Aspects in the Kingdom of Mali Through Ibn Battuta's book Tuhfat   Alnuddar  in  Garaeb  Al Amsar  Wa  Ajaeb  Al  Asfar 

The study includes the relationship between the ecologia and Abbaside's community in the middle ages, and the role of Baghdad capital city to increasing the sensibility of the people to the outwardly peripheral.

The study explains the efforts between the people and Abbaside's government to cure the knowledge of ecologia, to prevent the separation of diseases and  pollutions of the community. 

 Keywords: Ecologia, Abbasid's, diseases, pollutions.

There are many questions that have been presented and asked in order to know who the Lady Sharifa bint Al-Imam (peace be upon her) is? And then adopting the opinions that confirm or deny the existence of Mrs. Sharifa or the place of her death, and how did it happen? As well as the question, where is the shrine of Sharifa, daughter of Imam Hassan? Who are the daughters of Imam Hassan? Did she have a grave previously, and when was the trace of this tomb known

ان رياضة البولو والتي يطلق عليها لعبة الملوك والسلاطين تعد واحدة من الرياضات التقليدية والتي تحدت الزمن عبر تاريخها الطويل، فقد حافظت على جذورها التاريخية واستطاعت التكيف مع المتطلبات المعاصرة والتحولات المجتمعية والمتغيرات الزمانية والمكانية، فانتقلت من رياضة ارستقراطية تمارس كشكل من اشكال الترفيه الى رياضة تنافسية احترافية تجتذب العديد من اللاعبين وتستقطب ملايين المشاهدين، لذا فهي نموذج حي لكيفي

This paper has investigated experimentally the dynamic buckling behavior of AISI 303 stainless steel Aluminized and as received long columns. These columns, hot-dip aluminized and as received, are tested under dynamic buckling, 22 specimens, without aluminizing (type 1), and 50 specimens, with hot-dip aluminizing at different aluminizing conditions of dipping temperature and dipping time (type 2), are tested under dynamic compression loading and under dynamic combined loading (compression and bending) by using a rotating buckling test machine. The experimental results are compared with Perry Robertson interaction formula that used for long columns. Greenhill formula is used to get a mathematical model that descripts the buckling behavior

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The main target of this research is to follow the stages of the emergence of
the idea of republican form of government from its very beginning , yet there
were many elements from different estates thinker , educated , few of heads of
clans . This first opportunity for the mobilization of politically-minded people
with fundamental activity like najei shokat . hussain al-rahal notable poet maruf
al-rasafi those who formed what so called the political elite who believed in
constitutional , democratic parliamentary republic , one of them was al-rahal who
called for a constitutional republic even before the emergence of the
constitutional movement in Iran and ottoman empire (1908).
The holy najaf become cultural cen

عرف العرب ، منذ القدم ، الأحجار الكريمة وعنوا بإقتناء أنواعا عديدة منها ، حيث كانت من أهم واردات سكان بلاد وادي الرافدين من السومريين والبابليين ثم الآشوريين ، كما عرفها المصريون القدماء وغيرهم من الشعوب القديمة ، فوجدت في قبورهم ومدافنهم وخزائن كنوزهم، مثل الياقوت الأحمر واللازورد واللؤلؤ . بالإضافة إلى ذلك فقد كان معدني الذهب والفضة من المعادن الوفيرة في هذه البلاد ، ولها الأولوية في صناعة الحلي.

Baalbek ( Heliopolis- the City of the Sun), one of the most important  historical cities in Lebanon, has known as  multiple civilizations in successive historical periods, which have left many archaeological evidences, the most    important  ones  are the castle and the roman temples.

 The Islamic architectural and artistic heritage in Baalbek   was consisted from different types of buildings: religious, civil, military and social in addition to many archaeological arts that were mastered by the Muslims.

     The objective of this study is to determine the extent to which the determinants of organizational support contributed to enhancing the mental status of banking services in a number of banks in Dohuk governorate in order to diagnose the correlation between the perceived organizational support and the mental status of services. Availability in the environment of banks and to enhance the mental position from the point of view of customers as the main hypotheses focused on the nature of the relationship between the dimensions of research among them has been tested these hypotheses using statistical and descriptive methods have been The study concluded that the contribution of organizational support, which is