The research emphasizes importance of preliminary drawings in design of any product. Therefore, using of simulation as tools for visual thinking in developing drawing and design skills. So that practice of drawing by hand, considering shape of ideas in first stage of visualizations, and practice of its techniques and continuous training.
Hence, the research problem arose with the role of simulation method for developing preliminary sketches in the sample of students of the Product Design Department at the College of Design and Art, PNU, as it is important tool for visual thinking that helps the designer in designing and producing innovative artistic works.
Therefore, the research axes, a number of findings and recommendations were

Laue back reflection patterns for quartz crystal are indexed by using Orient Express- program to simulate orientation of single crystals from assignment of principle zones. An oriented quartz single crystal was used as a substrate to deposit Zn metal by controlled thermal evaporation to achieve single crystal films of Zn that are subsequently evaluated by x-ray powder diffraction.

Acquires Find importance of the overall quality and e-marketing management have become important factors in evaluating the performance of banks, which are related to the life of the community intimately, so it is important that the banks applying comprehensive quality and e-marketing management requirements in order to maintain their performance and determine their level, as well as the manifest importance of research in part, practical linking the requirements of total quality management and banking performance on the one hand and between the e-marketing and performance banking on the other hand, through the provision of scientific bases that can be based on the banks in question, as it kicks off the research problem in that mos

     This study research to Showing The impact of the integration process on the quality of Insurance service and analyze the impact financially to determine whether there is any impact on the quality of the insurance service, in addition to identifying the obstacles that impede the merger between the insurance companies, insurance and the appropriate proposals for its' application and benefit from the benefits achieved.

The importance of The study lies in the fact that it is an important and vital spotlight that is becoming increasingly important in the world to confront the various difficulties and crises that have occurred  recently in light of the liberalization of international trade, globalization a

The study of the concepts of "democracy" and "human rights" and their impact on development, has taken a prominent place in the context of general political and cultural concerns, or in specialized studies even though researchers and scholars do not agree on defining the concepts: Democracy, Human Rights, Development or deriving a global definition hindering them, and that because of the importance of this topic, which proceeds from a number of considerations standing in the forefront, of which:

First: What the world witnesses today in the first decade of this century of consecration of the unipolar theory, trying to give its concepts and perceptions through the law ((excessive force)) to the power of international

 Education is a process of learning and education at the same time. As the conditions of modern life necessitate every person to keep learning, education has become a necessity to meet life needs. The society today is concerned with the educational process and aims to live up the expectations. Since education is an integral part of education and its means, it has become as a mean to achieve its purposes. The educational environment was a traditional environment limited to specific inputs, possibilities and stimulus of both teacher and student. Due to the latest advancement, the educational environment has been expanded to become a rich, with strong connections. It has expanded to encompass the entire global environment. The current

   A low-cost, RGB LED-based visible-light spectrophotometer was designed to measure dyes concentration. Dyes are widely used as indicators or coloring agents in different applications and knowing their concentration is an essential part for many studies. The proposed spectrophotometer provides many functionalities that clones the traditional expensive spectrophotometers for a budged price under $50. It was aimed to provide a versatile tool for instructors and educators to teach their students the fundamental concepts behind spectrophotometry. Malachite green, methyl red, and methyl orange dyes were chosen to be good samples to show the integrity of the proposed spectrophotometer in terms of accuracy, repeatability, and sensitivity as

The construction sector is considered an important and influential pivot in the national economy of any country.  Nations are working to develop this sector, receiving modern and developed techniques. So, this sector can be a carrier or a receiver of modern technologies. The cost of technology transfer between the international companies that sponsor this sector is a matter of great importance, especially since different factors affect the need for this advanced technology. The cost of technology transfer in construction is related to multiple factors presented by Knowledge, equipment, plant, hardware and software. The lack of distinguishing and evaluating the direct and indirect costs in the construction sector during

According to the famous saying of the medieval physician Paracelsus, "There is no substance without poison. Only the dose determines the extent of the toxic effect." Here, the effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on human health and the risks to the health of its frequent use in the short term was addressed and the long term was evaluated according to the studies of several researchers specializing in this regard. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is known as one of the most popular food additives that classified as a flavor enhancer. Parts of the evidence were reviewed from the literature explaining its effect on immune system cells in addition to metabolic disorders by exposing individuals to obesity and what is known as metabolic syndrome, as w