The concept of civil society is one of the relatively recent concepts that have emerged clearly on the political and social arena especially in European countries, where it effectively contributes to the process of democratic transformation through the multiple roles and functions that it exercises, and acts as mediator between the state and the individual. Civil society in essence works to bring about change in society whether it is political, economic, social or cultural .The civil society appeared in Iraq after 2003, as is the case with many concepts that entered Iraq and took upon themselves the building of a democratic Iraq .Accordingly civil society institutions are the entity capable of rebuilding the Iraqi personal

        Job stress is considered one of the most important obstacles that may appear in the work field. In order to deal with the obstacles and challenges , the idea to deal with job stress has come to address job stress as one of the most important trends that enable organizations to face those challenges through focusing on the role of job stress and the organizational climate of the organization.

       The research deals with two variables: the job stress as an independent variable, and the organizational climate as a dependent one. Each variable includes five sub-dimensions. These dimensions have been involved in an interaction to form

Local communities are in need of self-resources so that they can perform their multiple functions which serve the objectives of the local development, and tax revenues are considered as important sources of their funding. However, despite the efforts of the state to reform the fiscal system and to improve the management in the local administration, tax collection can increase when the state adopts a more effective policy to combat tax evasion and tax fraud. Accordingly, this research aims to shed light on the role of local tax revenues in the local development. A set of conclusions are drawn; the most important one is that Algeria, in order to achieve local development, has taken a set of reforms, which are still valid until now. The mos

            The objective of this study is to measure the impact of financial development on economic growth in Iraq over the period (2004-2018) by applying a fully corrected square model (FMOLS) Whereas, a set of variables represented by (credit-to-private ratio of GDP, the ratio of money supply in the broad sense of GDP, percentage of bank deposits from GDP) were chosen as indicators for measuring financial development and GDP to measure economic growth.

Major tests have been carried out, such as the stability test (Unite Root Test), the integration test (Cointegration). Results of the study showed that there

Abstract:

               The aim of the research is to verify the role of organizational trust as an “administrative” dimension of objective importance in the relationships adopted by the Iraqi General Insurance Company with customers, as it is one of the basic pillars in building and succeeding companies, which allows the provision of services with high confidence through the customer relationship management system in order to achieve The company's goal is to gain new customers, retain current customers, increase work in insurance companies, and develop the national economy by increasing the company's sales and profitability. The research

تعد مسالة بناء الدولة احدة المواضيع المهمة في حقل الدراسات السياسية والتي تعكس مظهراً متعدد الابعاد لمبدأ الثقة المنشود بين الحاكم والمحكوم، فمنذ أمد طويل تحاول الدول تحقيق تنميتها السياسية والبحث عن مقومات ترشيد سياسي لقدراتها المؤسساتية والوظيفية بهدف تعزيز اسس التكامل والاندماج بين المجتمع السياسي والمجتمع المدني. عليه انطلق جون راولز في مفهومه لبناء الدولة المعاصرة من بناء المجتمع العادل، فالعدالة ه

وظائف الدولة (في الفكر السياسي العربي الاسلامي)

تعددت آراء المفكرين الاسلاميين المعاصرين حول الدولة الاسلامية بعد سقوط الخلافة العثمانية بصورة خاصة نتيجة لتأثر هؤلاء المفكرين بالمفاهيم التي سادت في الثقافة الغربية ، ومنها مفهوم الدولة ، حيث لم يتطرق الفكر الاسلامي الى مناقشة مفهوم الدولة الاسلامية قبل هذه الفترة ، لان اهتمامهم كان منصبا بالتظير حول موضوع السلطة . وسيتم التطرق في هذا البحث لمفهوم الدولة لدى المفكرين الاسلاميين المعاصر

 اثر التوظيف الاستراتيجي في تحقيق اهداف الدولة

The research aims at clarifying the role of green human resource management practices in achieving sustainable development. The research problem is that the health sector is less concerned with environmental aspects, specifically green human resource management practices, Which are reflected on sustainable development with their economic, environmental and social dimensions as well as reducing costs, waste minimization and recycling, And the research started from two main hypotheses to explore the correlation and influence between the variables of the research by analyzing the answers of the research sample, which included (136) employees of the Al-Imamein Al-kadhemein medical city, Data and information were collected using quest