Some great families in England had competed for the sake of getting authority and power in England.

This competition turned to be a bloody civil war which extended till 1455 and ended with the victory of Henry Tudor whose judgment in England started from 28^th of August 1458, consequently a new dynast which is known as (the Tudor)has established

اصبح لمجالس الادارة في الشركات دوراً حاسماً في تعزيز الحوكمة الفاعلة، كونها تتحمل المسؤولية النهائية عن نظم الرقابة الداخلية في شركاتها، ويلعب التدقيق الداخلي دوراً اساسياً في مساعدة تلك المجالس على القيام بمهمات الحوكمة. ولهذا يبذل مجمع المدققين الداخليين الامريكي جهداً كبيراً في توجيه اعضاءه ليكونوا متخصصين في اصول حوكمة الشركات وتحسين وتقوية اخلاقيات العمل وسلامة المنظمة.

لذا فإن ا

أهمية البحث والحاجة إليه :

      يعد نسيان المثيرات المعلوماتية التي يتعلمها أو يطلع عليها الفرد في حياته من المشكلات التي يعاني منها الأفراد في جميع مناحي الحياة وليس في مجال الدراسة الأكاديمية فحسب. وبالتالي فان هناك حاجة ملحة ومهمة لابتداع طرائق ووسائل وإمكانيات يمكن عن طريقها التقليل من نسيان المثيرات المعلوماتية المختلفة التي يتعلمها الفرد في حياته اليومية.

Stop and stop Alsergsti classed many of the characteristics of great poets and
literary arts and persuasions, in Mqamth cash cash Antzmtha three criteria: the
standard of Islam and the standard time, and Maaartadd purposes of poetry. This
has had its effect on lighting stand many of the goals of the poets and their
attitudes.
The first criterion: Those who study the positions of Alsergsti to poetry and
poets must be discerned his money comes from the spirit of Islam as a religion and
creed and a system, a position that is encouraging him wherever expressed, such as
the Muslim community the new values, away from the vulgarity, which contributed
to the formulation of the standard of religious poetry criticism.

  This research deals with an aesthetic discourse that depends on the expressive connotations and the aesthetics of its formation in sculpture, The sculptural works of the artist Saad Al-Basri were chosen as a model, Therefore, it deals with a contemporary plastic topic that benefits art education students and plastic arts students, The method of using materials and their formation methods has evolved and the great change that took place in the taste has developed, As the more knowledge and viewing of artworks increases in research and studies, it leads to an increase in aesthetic taste and aesthetic sense, which is reflected in the artistic achievements of students in the implementation of their work, A field study was conducted to

Objectives of the study: Assess pregnant women's knowledge about tetanus toxoid vaccination, to find out the
relationship between pregnant women's knowledge and some variables which included: (age, level of
education, occupational status, socio-economic level, gravidity, parity, following visits of antenatal care,
tetanus toxoid vaccination coverage).
Methods and Materials: Descriptive analytic study conducted on multistage probabilistic sample of 130
pregnant women during period from 30th January 2012 to the 24th April 2013 was carried out in the six primary
health care centers at Karbala city. The questionnaire was consisted of four parts which include of: sociodemographic
characteristics, reproductive information,

Ibn Khaldun is one of the best Arab Muslims scientists who participated in establishing Arabic Muslims heritage in all different disciplines & directions specially in sociology, neurological & his political theories which showed the development of Arabic philosophy in all scientific disciplines specially his introduction

أن الامم والشعوب لاتستطيع المحافظة على استمرار وجودها وتقدمها ورقيها، إلابفضل إعداد اجيالها المتعاقبة الاعداد السليم المتكامل ، وبقدر ما تحافظ الامم والشعوب على تربية هذه الاجيال للتمسك بدينها ، ومعتقداتها ، واخلاقها ، بقدر ما تحافظ على بقائها وعلو شأنها ، وكما فطنت الامم والشعوب إلى اهمية تربية اجيالها ، فطن اعداؤها الى ضرورة التخريب في جذور البناء الصحيح لتربية الاجيال ( فاطمة ، 1998، ص2).

The process of doing many kinds of industries , crafts , professions around Islamic Arabian State , they enable us to say that Arab Muslims over their homelands had been occupied various types of crafts and manufacturing before emergence Islam . Moreover Islam encouraged to work within manufacture field . And These matters were clarified through verses of the Holy Qur’an and honored prophetic guidance ( Sunna  )  . Whereas Arab Muslims applied principle “ Free of Business “  . They admitted to different social groups such as pact – fellows people  to profession or craft which they desire to work . We have to not forget that Arab Muslims had broken all restraints and shackles which had restricted the worker bef

Based on Lyapunov exponent criterion, the aircraft lateral-directional stability during critical flight cases is presented. A periodic motion or limit cycle oscillation isdisplayed. A candidate mechanism for the wing rock limit cycle is the inertia coupling between an unstable lateral-directional (Dutch roll) mode with stable longitudinal (short period) mode. The coupling mechanism is provided by the nonlinear interaction of motion related terms in the complete set equations of motion. To analyze the state variables of the system, the complete set of nonlinear equations of motion at different high angles of attack are solved. A novel analysis including the variation of roll angle as a function of angle of attack is proposed. Furthermore