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Tax penalties and their effectiveness in reducing the creative accounting practices: An Empirical Study of the General Commission for Taxes
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The research aims to study and definition of the concept of creative accounting and motives adopted by the management of companies to achieve their own goals and their impact on the reliability of the financial statements and the tax settling accounts and whether that tax administration is able to detect and limit the creative accounting practices and impose legal sanctions deterrent against companies The research has come to a set of conclusions, including:

  1. The administration motives in the use of creative accounting methods, some internal motives related to the interests of the administration in maximizing profits to increase incentives and rewards, others are external, such as the impact on stock prices or reduce the amount of tax calculated on the company for the purpose of tax evasion.
  2. The use of punishments stipulated by the Income Tax Act No. 113 of 1982 amended  As stated in the articles (58-59) helps companies reduce the practice of creative accounting methods and repeated in the future.

Recommended Find the need to develop a tax examination system to include we cause enough of the taxpayers and the discovery of irregularities and accountability in order to pay the holders of the permit complete information and the right for access they earn and the need to activate the prison sentence prescribed in the Income Tax Act under the penalties in charge of the right, which has proved the resurrection of the practices of fraud and fraud, as the impact is greater than the impact of financial penalties to be imposed on the taxpayer, as well as to curb such practices in the future.

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Bioresource Technology Reports
Biosynthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by a newly isolated strain Bacillus tequilensis ARY86 using inexpensive carbon source
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 20 2020
Journal Name
International Journal Of Civil Engineering
Structural Performance Under Monotonic Static Loading of Reinforced Concrete Gable Roof Beams with Multiple Web Openings
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In the present study, an attempt has been made to experimentally investigate the flexural performance of ten simply supported reinforced concrete gable roof beams, including solid control specimen (i.e., without openings) and nine beams with web openings of different dimensions and configurations. The nine beams with openings have identical reinforcement details. All beams were monotonically loaded to failure under mid-span loading. The main variables were the number of the created openings, the total area of the created openings, and the inclination angle of the posts between openings. Of interest is the load-carrying capacity, cracking resistance and propagation, deformability, failure mode, and strain development that represent the behav

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Publication Date
Thu May 31 2018
Journal Name
International Journal Of Control And Automation
Power Flow Control of Iraqi International Super Grid with Two-Terminal HVDC Techniques Using PSS/E
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Publication Date
Mon Apr 19 2021
Journal Name
Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-cycle Sustainability And Innovations
Flexure strengthening of concrete bridge girders with concavely curved soffit using near-surface-mounted CFRP bars
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Publication Date
Mon Aug 27 2018
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Efficiency Enhancement of a Dual-axis Solar PV Panel Tracker Using Water-Flow Double Glazing Technique
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The fall angle of sun rays on the surface of a photovoltaic PV panel and its temperature is negatively affecting the panel electrical energy produced and efficiency. The fall angle problem was commonly solved by using a dual-axis solar tracker that continually maintains the panel orthogonally positioning to the sun rays all day long. This leads to maximum absorption for solar radiation necessary to produce maximum amount of energy and maintain high level of electrical efficiency. To solve the PV panel temperature problem, a Water-Flow Double Glazing WFDG technique has been introduced as a new cooling tool to reduce the panel temperature. In this paper, an integration design of the water glazing system with a dual-axis tracker has been ac

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Проблемы преподавания русской литературы в иракской аудитории Problems of Teaching Russian Literature to Iraqi College Students
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Аннотация

    в статье рассматриваются проблемы преподавания русской литературы в иракской аудитории.. Использование литературы в преподавании иностранного языка, как правило, имеет две цели. Первая-чисто лингвистическая .. Вторая цель, однако, ассоциируется больше с экстралингвистикой  и представляет собой ознакомление студентов с различными аспектами русской жизни, культуры,

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 30 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Science
Detection of Zn Water Pollution by a Biosensor Based on Alkaloids Derived from Iraqi Catharanthus Roseus
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     In this work, the detection of zinc (Zn) ions that cause water pollution is studied using the CSNPs- Linker-alkaloids compound that was prepared by linking extracted alkaloids from Iraqi Catharanthus roseus plant with Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) using maleic anhydride. This compound is characterized by an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) which shows that it has an orthorhombic structure with crystallite size in the nano dimension. Zeta Potential results show that the CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids carried a positive charge of 54.4 mV, which means it possesses high stability.  The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) shows a new distinct band at 1708.93 cm-1 due to C=O esterification. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 01 2024
Journal Name
South African Journal Of Chemical Engineering
Removal of COD from petroleum refinery wastewater by adsorption using activated carbon derived from avocado plant
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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2012
Journal Name
Ieee Transactions On Geoscience And Remote Sensing
Echo Amplitude Normalization of Full-Waveform Airborne Laser Scanning Data Based on Robust Incidence Angle Estimation
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Publication Date
Wed Sep 01 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Enhancement of Photoconductive Detector Based on Carbon Nanotubes Decorated with Silver Nanoparticles by Adding Conductive Polymer
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In this work, wide band range photo detector operating in UV, Visible and IR was fabricated using carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs, SWCNTs) decorated with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Silicon was used as a substrate to deposited CNTs/Ag NPs by the drop casting technique. Polyamide nylon polymer was used to coat CNTs/Ag NPs to enhance the photo-response of the detector. The electro-exploding wire technology was used to synthesize Ag NPs. Good dispersion of silver NPs achieved by a simple chemistry process on the surface of CNTs. The optical, structure and electrical characteristic of CNTs decorated with Ag NPs were characterized by X-Ray diffraction and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy.  X-ray diffra

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