The Financial systems can be classified into two types. The first is the market–oriented, which is applied in United States and United Kingdom. While the second is bank-oriented as in Japan and Germany.

   This study tries to explain the reasons which make some countries adopt the first one instead of the second, and the contrary. So the study consists of three sections. The first deals with the concept of financial system and it are functions. The second displays the indicators which are used to classify the financial systems, while the third one is devoted to the factors that determine the type of financial system .These sections followed by some conclusions.

      يعد موضوع الرساميل الفكرية من المواضيع الحرجة في نجاح وتميز المنظمات بالأخص اذا ما تم ربطه بإدارة خبرة الزبون، وبسبب ما تتسم به البيئة العراقية من حركية اثرت على جميع القطاعات ومنها القطاع المصرفي ،كان من المهم البحث في  انواع الرساميل الفكرية وعلاقتها بإدارة خبرة الزبون خصوصا عند مدراء المصارف الأهلية، تكمن اهمية البحث في ارتباط  متغيراته ببناء القدرات الاستراتيجية للمصارف لتحقيق التميز والاست

تناول البحث أبعاد الذكاءات المتعددة كمتغير مستقل بأبعاده الفرعية الثمانية ( الذكاء الاجتماعي ،الذكاء الطبيعي، الذكاء البصري، الذكاء المنطقي، الذكاء اللغوي، الذكاء الموسيقي، الذكاء الحركي/الحسي، الذكاء الشخصي/ البيئي) واليقظة الاستراتيجية كمتغير تابع بأبعاده الفرعية الثلاثة ( اليقظة التجارية، اليقظة التنافسية ، اليقظة التكنولوجية) وقد تم اختيار عينة من المديرين العاملين في وزارة الصناعة والمعادن، فق

المُستلخص:

      يتناول هذا البحث موضوعاً يتركز في جانب تحديد مفهوم ومحتوى الإستراتيجية. وقد أشارت الأدبيات إلى عدد من المحاولات التي هدفت إلى تلمس مفهوم ومحتوى الإستراتيجية في منظمات الأعمال، غير أن تلك المحاولات- على الرغم من ندرتها- كانت تتسم بغلبة الأطر النظرية والتعبير عن المفهوم، بالإستناد إلى حوارات فكرية وإرهاصات ذات علاقة بمفهوم ومحتوى الإستراتيجية.

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Abstract

                The research aims to identify the application of corporate governance requirements according to the international standard (ISO 26000:2010) in the National Insurance Company. Strengths and weaknesses were identified to study the current state of this requirement's application in the company under investigation. The descriptive-analytical approach was utilized through a checklist derived from ISO 26000:2010. Several personal interviews and field visits were conducted to understand the extent of application and documentation based on various statistical methods. The results revealed a level of applic

This study aimed to clarify the legal provisions concerning the senses and their role in financial transactions, in the light of the definition of all the vocabulary presented by this study (senses - the definition of senses apparent: they are hearing - sight - smell - taste - touch) in the first section. The study deals with the second topic of the reference and writing denominator phrase and includes two requirements, the first requirement: the establishment of the denominator of the phrase, which has two branches: Section I: signal Akhras. Section II: Signal of the Spokesman.
 The second requirement is that writing takes the place of the phrase in financial transactions. The owners argue that the sale of the blind is correct a

This research focuses on detecting the financial corruption cases in Iraq in light of adoption the strategic audit, the paper deals with the problem of the proliferation corruption cases particularly financial in Iraq and dramatically in the presence of audit and control devices as well as inspection and integrity devices, which indicates the existence of deficiencies and weaknesses in those devices in the implementation of audit and control functions in order to detect the corruption cases in the economic units in Iraq.

Stems objective of this research through the provision of approach of strategic audit concepts and indicate the extent importance of adopting of strategic audit as a means to detect the f

        Throughput accounting is concerned with a throughput measurement process to determine the efficiency of the company, to know the problems and obstacles it suffers from, to determine their causes and ways to address them.The research problem is represented by the following question: does the application of a throughput accounting lead to maximizing the company's profits? The aim of the research is to demonstrate the importance of throughput accounting, which is one of the tools of management accounting in providing an efficient information system that provides the company’s management with the information it needs to improve its production processes, increase a throughput, and thus maxi

The aim of the research is to evaluate the response of the researched leaders towards practicing the concept of the lens, which is its dimensions with (stakeholders, resource mobilization, knowledge development, culture management) and the nature of its relationship to tax pioneer performance represented in its dimensions (strategic direction, leadership indicators, growth, renewal and modernization, efficiency, Effectiveness) The questionnaire was approved as a main tool in collecting data and information from the sample members in the General Authority of Taxes, which number (91) Who are on (M. General Manager, Division Director, Deputy Director, Senior Division Director, Deputy Director, Second Division, Division Officer, M. D

Abstract

The economic entities view about human resources has been changed from traditional view based on the resources as one of production factors required for achieving the activities that lead to create products in turn for financial substitute embodied in wages, toward contemporary view consider human resources the most important richest investments, a real source for continuing, developing, and achieving competitive advantage for the entity.

From that point, this research dealt with studying the subject of disclosing investment information of human resources in the financial reports of Iraqi economic entities. The research ended with stating a suggestive model for the