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تقويم أداء معلمات ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة (الصم)
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مشكلة البحث وأهميته :

يعد تقويم أداء معلمات الصم من المصطلحات الحديثة نسبيا في العالم عامة وفي قطرنا خاصة ، التي تهدف إلى تطوير العملية التربوية من خلال تنمية التلاميذ الصم تنمية متوازنة ومتكاملة في النواحي الجسمية والانفعالية والعقلية والنفسية والاجتماعية ، ويرى الباحثون في علم النفس إن السنوات الأولى من حياة الطفل هي من أهم السنوات في تكوين شخصيته وتوجيهها وتعد هذه الفترة فترة مثلى فعندما يمر الطفل بهذه الفترات المثلى دون إن يأخذ فرصته من التعليم ينتج عن هذا التأخير خسارة لا تعوض .

       إن سلوك الفرد وتصرفاته وحسن قيامه بدوره في الحياة كلها أمور تكتسب وان اكتسابها يبدأ عن طريق الحواس ، إذ إن الحواس تعد المراصد الخارجية للجهاز العصبي يتلقى منها الإنسان الصور الحية للعالم الخارجي المحيط به وتنقسم هذه الحواس إلى أنواع هي : البصر والسمع والذوق والشم واللمس ، وإن التربية الحديثة لها الأثر الكبير في اهتمام المربين بتعديل وتحسين تعليم الصم وعلم وظائف أعضاء جهاز الكلام والاستفادة من بقية الجهاز السمعي في تعليم الكلام والنطق مما ساعد على نشر طريقة الشفاه وتعليم نطق الصم ، اذ تعد عملية تقويم أداء معلم الصم وعملية التعليم عملية هامة جداً للطفل المعاق سمعياً لأنها الأسلوب الذي تربطه بالحياة وان شخصية الفرد هي محصلة تفاعله مع المجتمع بكل ما يتضمنه هذا المجتمع من قيم ومعايير واتجاهات اجتماعية               ( نظام قانون الرعاية الاجتماعية في العراق ، 1980 ) .                    

       ويعد العوق إحدى المشكلات التي يواجهها الأطفال في كل مكان في العالم وخاصة في البلدان النامية . حيث تشير عدة تقارير دولية إن طفلاً على الأقل من بين عشرة مواليد يولد بعجز خطير أو يصاب به في وقت لاحق وان هذا العجز قد يعرقل نموه إذا لم يتلقى الرعاية اللازمة ويلاحظ إن             ( 80% ) من أصل ما يزيد عن ( 200 ) مليون طفل معاق في العالم يعيشون في الدول النامية وان نسبة منهم يحضون بعناية أو خدمات خاصة تقل عن ( 1% ) بالنسبة إلى مجموع الأطفال في سن التعليم المدرسي ( سن الخامسة عشر من أعمارهم ) ، وان عدد الأطفال والشباب المعوقين مع انتهاء عام ( 2000 ) مابين ( 400 ) مليون فرد وان ( 70 ) مليون معوق في الدول النامية يعانون من الصمم التام ( زكريا ، 1994، ص130 ) ، وإن المشكلات التي يعاني منها إفراد كل فئة من هذه الفئات تختلف في نوعها وتأثيرها على الإفراد وهذا يحتم اختلاف البرامج والمناهج والأساليب والطرائق التي تخدم فئات المعوقين المختلفة ( حمام ، 1977 ، ص3 ).

       ويرتبط الصم بالبكم ويعني البكم عدم القدرة على الكلام والتعبير عن الأفكار الصريحة بكلمات منطوقة وبشكل عام عدم القدرة على إصدار الرموز الصوتية وذلك بسبب فقدان حاسة السمع على الاستجابة فانه لا يستطيع إن يسمع كلام الآخرين وينتج ذلك العجز عن تعلم اللغة من خلال الكلام ومن الممكن إن تقوم أعضاء النطق بوظيفتها ضمن تدريب وتعلم خاص ، فالصمم لا يعد مشكلة محصورة في العجز السمعي بل يتعداها إلى عرقلة تطوير اللغة الطبيعية                                    ( دبابنة ، 2002 ، ص1-2 ) .

      وقد أصبح التأهيل للمعوقين لا يقتصر على توفير الخدمات فقط بل الهدف الاسمي هو تحقيق الاندماج الكامل للمعوقين ( ذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة )  في الحياة الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والصحية للمجتمع الذي يعيشون فيه ولا يمكن انجاز هذا الهدف إذا لم تشارك المجتمعات وتتحمل مسؤولياتها اتجاه المعوقين لتفتح أبواب المجتمع لهم وإعادة حقوقهم التي حرموا منها . ومن هنا ظهر أسلوب التأهيل المجتمعي  Community- Based Rehabilitation(CBR)  الذي لا يتحدد بنموذج واحد بل بنماذج تعتمد نفس المبدأ ولكن بأساليب تعتمد على المجتمع نفسه                             ( وحدة مشاريع التعاون الفني والبرنامج الانمائي للامم المتحدة ، 1995 ) .

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2008
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
تقويم الدليل المحاسبي لحسابات الدولة(*)
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Evaluation of accounting Guide for State Accounts 

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 13 2018
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Women's Perceptions toward Wellness
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Objective(s): To evaluate women's perceptions toward wellness. Methodology: A descriptive-evaluation design is employed through the present study to evaluate women's perceptions toward wellness in Baghdad City. A non-probability (purposive) sample of (140) woman is selected from three primary health centers in Baghdad City. A questionnaire, of (57) items, is designed and constructed for the purpose of the study. Split-half internal consistency reliability of the study instrument is determined through computation of Cronbach alpha correlation coefficient and the content validity of the instrument determined thr

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 01 2022
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
New White Method of Parameters and Reliability Estimation for Transmuted Power Function Distribution
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        In this paper, an estimate has been made for parameters and the reliability function for Transmuted power function (TPF) distribution through using some estimation methods as proposed new technique for white, percentile, least square, weighted least square and modification moment methods. A simulation was used to generate random data that follow the (TPF) distribution on three experiments (E1 , E2 , E3)  of the real values of the parameters, and with sample size (n=10,25,50 and 100) and iteration samples (N=1000), and taking reliability times (0< t < 0) . Comparisons have been made between the obtained results from the estimators using mean square error (MSE). The results showed the

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Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Self-Reliance and Relation to Human Relations with Riyadh Teachers
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The research aims to identify the correlation between self-reliance and human relationship of kindergartens’ teachers. Total of (120) kindergarten teachers at Baghdad city. To collect needed data, two scales were administered to the research sample consisted of (25) items of each scale with (five) alternatives. The results revealed that teachers have good level of self-reliance and human relationship. There is a positive correlation between self-reliance and human relationship.

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 01 2014
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Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Comparison of some robust methods to estimate parameters of partial least squares regression (PLSR)
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Mon Jan 28 2019
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Enlightenment of scientific knowledge at the kindergarten teachers and its relationship with some variables
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A kindergarten teacher is one of the most important elements in the educational process, since she is totally relied upon in kindergartens. Therefore, she could have basic and healthy characteristics to improve the educational process by directing the child towards a perfect growing upEducating and raising up a child should be an organized process that makes desirable changes in the child’s behavior in order to improve different sides of his personality, such as his appearance side, his mental side, and his social side.
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Publication Date
Sat Dec 15 2018
Journal Name
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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
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Auditing the performance of the structural capital according to standards of e-learning and its reflection on the performance of universities: applied research
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The developments and transformations taking place in the era and the growth of knowledge economies and communication technology led this development to compel higher education institutions in Iraq to reconsider their objectives to keep pace with development. And one of the most important tools of development was the application of e-learning standards and its long-term impact on the performance of the educational institution. Performance auditing plays an important role in verifying the extent to which these institutions have implemented their activities and programs that auditing performance by adopting e-learning standards helps the institutions’ management by providing appropriate information on the extent to which they achieve thei

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 19 2018
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This study investigates self-perception and self-branding on Instagram among young Arab women in the UAE, focusing on how they curate, negotiate and perform their digital identities and whether their digital self-presentation in any way compromises their sense of authenticity. The study is based on 11 interviews with young women in the UAE, between the ages of 20 and 30, in addition to online observation to follow the participants’ activities on Instagram. The study demonstrates that while social and digital media platforms may play a role in “empowering” Arab women, women tend to set their boundaries of authenticity shaped according to their audience’s expectations and their in-groups. This confirms the r

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