The cruel human suffering experienced by the Andalusians was a religious and racist conflict that affected all aspects of public life. Religious conflict was one of the most important factors determining the hostile relationship between the Andalusians and the Castiles. Castile sought to make them Christians by force, through laws that deprived them of all their rights.

Various semantic innovations and expansions have been tackled as factors and sources of neos.  A variety of internal (linguistic) and external (extra-linguistic) motives and motifs leads to the appearance of new terms causing such changes in the political language.  Some statesmen are productive in introducing new terms and creative in manipulating expressions and meanings.

      New words are nonces that get metaphorical expansion for quadrilateral motivations resting on extra meaning innovation, new terms at the semantic expansions to be honed as neos.  In tracing the phases of the semantic processes of neos and hulks, lexical and semantic changes might be of widening or narrowing of refe

This research aims primarily to highlight personal tax exemptions A comparative study with some Arab and European regulations. And by conducting both theoretical comparative analyses. Most important findings of the study is the need to grant personal and family exemptions that differ according to the civil status of the taxpayer (single or married). In other words, the exemption increases as the number of family members depend on its social sense. Also taking into account some incomes that require a certain effort and looking at the tax rates, it is unreasonable for wages to be subject to the same rates applied to commercial profits.      

Dialogue is one of the pillars of character building in the television series, through which it is possible to identify the most important characteristics and traits of the personality, in addition to its ability to reveal the most important problems at all levels. The following: (How does dialogue contribute to enhancing the traits of the alienated personality?). It therefore aims to identify the effectiveness of the dramatic dialogue in enhancing the traits of the alienated personality represented by (powerlessness, isolation, meaninglessness, objectification, non-standardization and rebellion). (The traits of the alienated character, and the second is the psychological function of the dramatic dialogue), to extract from them the main

This research is aiming to find the effective role of the personality characteristics of the Leader in business organization entrepreneurship by studying the effect of the special dimensions of personality characteristics (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, Agreeableness, and conscientiousness) on business organizations entrepreneurship dimensions representing in the two main dimensions (entrepreneurship direction and strategic entrepreneurship) across field study was conducted in thirteen private colleges in Baghdad.

The problem of the research relies in asking the question, is there an effect for Leader personality characteristics on business organizations entrepreneurship. and statistical methods hav

The study aimed to know the degree of availability of integrated preparation criteria in the Arabic Teacher training Program in Syrian universities from the viewpoint of university students of the Educational qualification diploma, and the degree of availability of these standards in the outputs of the preparation program. To achieve the Goals of the study, a list of integrated preparation criteria was prepare comprising (110) indicators, distributed to (11) criteria. The list was applied to a randomly chosen sample of (45) educational qualification diploma students. The results of the study showed that the Standards for integrated preparation are provided in a medium degree overall in the program for preparing teachers of Arabic languag

The current study aims to identify agreeableness and orientation towards voluntary work of officials in public facilities, as well as to identify the nature of the correlation between agreeableness and orientation towards voluntary work of officials in public facilities. To achieve the aims of the research, the researchers designed the agreeableness scale, which consists of (28) items in its final form. The researchers also built a scale of orientation towards voluntary work, which consists of (29) items in its final form. Psychometric properties of validity and reliability of the two scales were extracted in various ways. The researcher applied the two scales on a sample of (400) officials, the results indicated that the

The Qur'an is an inexhaustible source for researchers, and all of them find a rich material for its research, and no wonder in it is the book of the greatest Arabic. Quranic research has been an attempt to extract the secret in the miracle of the Koran, and not the Quranic miracle is limited to the word and its meaning, but that the miracle extends to include every sound in motion or silent; the sound performance of the Quranic text increases the meaning of beauty and earns the word heartbeat, Souls; and this may be due to the beauty of voice in the performance and harmony between sounds and words, and harmony between the exits and descriptions, or the tides of the tides,
Based on the above and to show the miraculous aspects of the Qu

The study aimed at identifying the domains of abuse of the elderly (each field separately) of the research sample. The study sample consisted of (100) senior citizens residing in nursing homes in Baghdad and Kirkuk cities. They were selected in a simple random way. In order to achieve the research objectives, two scales were developed to measure the abuse of the elderly consisted of six domains: Neglection abuse, emotional abuse, physical abuse, social abuse, financial abuse, sexual abuse), and the other to measure the life review. The results showed that the level of abuse of older people in the sample is higher than the average in the society they belong to, the level of life review was higher than the average they belong to, and the a